Term
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Definition
- 80 total bones
- Boones of skull, throax, and vertebral column.
-Form longitudinal axis of body. |
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Term
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Definition
- 126 total bones
- Bones of the limbs and girdles that attach them to the axial skeleton |
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Term
| What are the five Functions of the skeletal system |
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Definition
- suppport
- storage of minerals
(calcium & phosphate)
- Blood Cell Production
- Protection of tissues and organs
- Leverage |
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Term
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Definition
| Thin, roughly parallel surfaces |
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Term
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Definition
- AKA Wormian bones
- Irregular bones formed between cranial bones.
- number size and shape vary |
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Term
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Definition
| Relatively long and slender |
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Term
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Definition
Complex shapes
examples: vertebrae, bones of plevis, facial bones |
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Term
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Definition
- Small, flat, and somewhat shaped
like a sesame seed
- develop in tendons of knee, hands, and feet. |
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Term
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Definition
- Small and boxy
- Examples: bones of wrist and ankles |
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Term
| Name the six categories of bones based on shape |
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Definition
1. Flat bone
2. Sutural bone
3. Long bone
4. Irregular bone
5. Sesamoid bone
6. Short bone |
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Term
Skull Surface Features
(5) |
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Definition
- Canal or meatus (large passageway)
- Process (Projection or bump)
- Sinus (chamber within bone, usually filled with air)
- foramen (small rounded passageway)
- Fissure (elongated cleft or gap) |
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Term
Humerus surface features
(7) |
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Definition
- Head (expanded proximal end that forms part of joint)
- Tubercle (small, rounded projection)
- Sulcus (deep, narrow grove)
- Diaphysis (shaft; elongated body)
- Trochlea (smooth, grooved articular process)
- Condyle (smooth, rounded articular) |
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Term
Femur Surface features
(4) |
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Definition
- Trochanter (large, rough projection)
- Head (expanded proximal end that forms part of joint)
- Neck (narrow connection between head and diaphysis)
- Diaphysis (shaft; elongated body)
- Facet (small,m flat articular surface)
- Condyle (smooth, rounded articular) |
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Term
Pelvis Surface features
(5) |
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Definition
- Crest (prominent ridge)
- Fossa (shallow depression or recess)
- Line (low ridge; more dilicate than crest)
- Spine (pointed or narrow process)
- Ramus (extension that makes angle with rest of structure) |
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Term
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Definition
| A large, roughened elevation on a bony surface |
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Term
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Definition
| A small rounded projection. |
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Term
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Definition
A space within the hollow shaft.
- In life, filled with bone marrow.
- Red bone marrow is highly vascular and involved with the production of blood cells.
- Yellow bone marrow is adipose (fatty) and important in the storage of energy reserves. |
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Term
Osteocytes
1 of 4 bone cell types |
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Definition
- Mature bone cells that cannot divide
- Most numerous bone cell type
- Maintain protein and mineral content of adjacent matrix.
- occupy lacunae |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Osteoblasts
1 of 4 bone cell types |
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Definition
- Produce new bony matrix (osteogenesis or ossification)
- Become osteocytes once surrounded by bone matrix |
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Term
Osteoprogenitor cells
1 of 4 bone cell types |
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Definition
- Mesenchymal (stem) cells that produce cells that differentiate into osteoblasts
- important in fracture repair |
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Term
Osteoclasts
1 of 4 bone cell types |
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Definition
- Remove and remodel bone matrix
- giant cells with 50+ nuclei
- Release acids and proteolytic enzymes to dissolve matrix and release stored minerals
- aids in osteolysis (lysis, loosening) |
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Term
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Definition
| the extracellular fibers and ground substance of a connective tissue |
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