The 80 bones of the skeleton that form the longitudinal axis of the body.  These bones comprise the bones of the skull, thorax, and vertebral column.

Appendicular Skeleton

The 126 bones of the limbs and girdle

that attach them to the axial skeleton.

Sutural Bones

(Wormian Bones)

Irregular bones formed

between the cranial bones.

Medullary Cavity

The cavity inside the

shaft (diaphysis) of the

long bone that is filled with

marrow.

Fibrodysplasia

Ossifican

Progressiva

(FOP)

A gene mutation that causes bone

deposition around the skeletal muscles.

Acromegaly

A condition that occurs when growth hormone levels rise after the epiphyseal plates close causing the bones to get thicker.

(Usually affecting the bones in the face, jaw, and hands.)

Osteocytes

• Mature bone cells that can not divide.

• Most numerous bone cell type.

• Maintains protein and mineral content of adjacent matrix.

Circumferential

Lamellae

The outer and inner surfaces of the

compact bone layer.

Appositional

Bone 

Growth

Increase in the bone diameter

of the existing bones.

(Not involved in forming

the original bones.)

Achondroplasia

Epiphyseal cartilage that grows

unusuallyslowly resulting

in short limbscombined

with a normal size trunk.

Marfan Syndrome

Excessive cartilage formation of epiphyseal

cartilage causing long, slender limbs.  Other

connective tissue abnormalities cause

cardiovascular issues.

Sesamoid Bones

These small, flat and sesame seed

shaped bones are

developed in the tendons of the

knees, hands and feet.

Foramen

Small rounded passageways

of the skull's features.

Tuberosity

Small, rough projection of the

humerous' surface.

Facet

Small, flat articular

surfaceof the femur.