Term
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Definition
region from the base of the beak posterior to a line drawn btwn the anterior angle (nasal canthus) of each eye. The ventral margin is a line drawn btwn the nostril and the nasal canthus of the eye
Northern Flicker, CA Quail, American Robin |
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Term
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Definition
in crested birds, the crest
The region posterior to the forehead. The crown extends from the forehead back to the beginning of the cervical vertebrae of the neck
Golden Crowned Kinglet |
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Term
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Definition
The lateral area of the head just posterior to the bill and anterior to the nasal canthus of the eye. The commissure of the mouth form its lower border. Fleshy and naked of feathers in some birds, often brightly colored, esp during breeding season
Snowy Egret, Black- crowned Night Heron |
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Term
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Definition
A contrasting tripe of feathers above the eye along the side of the head found in many birds (eyebrow)
Supercilium- region immediately above the eye area
CA Quail, White-crowned Sparrow |
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Term
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Definition
"Rimal feathering"
2-4 tiny concentric bands of feathers surrounding the eyes at the edge of the eyelids. Often colored in contrast to the plumage that surrounds the eye, forming a distinctive eye ring.
(absent in the pigeon family)
American robin, Swaison's Thrush |
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Term
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Definition
fleshy ring around eye
e.g. in gulls
Cormorant mount |
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Term
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Definition
a line extending from the posterior angle of the eye (temporal canthus) and running posteriorly toward the nape of the neck. Important field mark.
Varied Thrush, Bullock's Oriole |
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Term
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Definition
bristlelike feathers around the corner of the mouth, present and well developed in many passerines (songbirds) and other groups that feed on flying insects, although this has not been confirmed, may serve as a tactile, sensory function, particularly in nocturnal species, like cats whiskers. Absent in pigeon family.
Common Poorwill, Barn Owl |
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Term
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Definition
a wide lateral patch just ventral and posterior to the eye and covering the ear opening. Auriculars are arranged in concentric bands extending down and back from the eye, covering the lateral cheek area of the head below the eye.
Bufflehead |
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Term
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Definition
"mustache feathers"
a patch that extends posteriorly and ventrally form the mandibular ramus, ventral to the commissure of the mouth and between the auricular feathers of the cheek and the throat feathers. Can be boldly marked as in the male Northern Flicker or the Prairie Falcon.
Northern Flicker, American Kestrel |
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Term
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Definition
back of beak
the angle at which the maxilla and mandible meet, Gape more properly refers to the gape between the open maxilla and mandible when the bill is opened wide.
Rock dove, white-crowned sparrow |
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Term
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Definition
upper hindneck or nuchal region
the dorsal surface of the neck from the occipital ridge of the skull or first cervical vertebrae posterior to the base of the neck
Band-tailed pigeon |
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Term
| Upper mandible or Maxilla |
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Definition
the combined upper jaw and bill
Western gull |
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Term
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Definition
Technically the lower jaw or the lower jaw + lower bill. In ornithological literature, the mandible may be either the upper or the lower bill.
Common Poorwill |
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Term
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Definition
the 2 lateral halves of the lower jaw between the anterior synthesis and the quadrate articulation.
Band-tailed pigeon |
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Term
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Definition
special feature
like a mask covering the face
Common yellowthroat, Loggerhead Shrike |
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Term
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Definition
special feature
the little hat thing on the head
CA Quail |
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Term
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Definition
special feature
disc formed around the face of owl to resemble a satellite dish, allows sound to better travel towards the ears of the bird. Combined with asymmetrical ears in skeleton for better hearing and communication
Bar Owl |
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Term
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Definition
upper foreneck or gular region under the lower mandible to the anterior margins of sternum and breast musculature
Pacific Loon |
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Term
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Definition
pectoral region, covers 3/4 of surface of breast muscles
Wood Duck, Cedar Waxwing |
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Term
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Definition
belly; most ventral area along the midline of the body, from sternum to ventral cloacal area
Virginia Rail |
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Term
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Definition
feathers that cover the tibial portion of the leg, visually contiguous with the feathers of the abdomen.
Virginia Rail, Coopers Hawk |
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Term
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Definition
lateral portions of the birds trunk, extending from abdominal region up to the base of the wings
Spotted Towhee |
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Term
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Definition
the lateral area posterior to the side region, lying below the pelvis and extending back to the base of the tail
Wrentit, Wood Duck |
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Term
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Definition
the base of the ventral wing, extending from the side out onto the ventral wing lining
"armpit area" |
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Term
| Undertail coverts or crissum |
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Definition
also known as the circumcloacal region
the loose feathers that surround the cloaca including the undertail coverts that cover the ventral base of the tail
Northern Pintail, CA Towhee |
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Term
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Definition
aka anal pteryla
in most birds, 2 rows of feathers arranged in concentric circles around the cloaca, mostly covered by feathers of the crissum.
distinctive color as in male yellow-headed blackbirds |
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Term
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Definition
| interscapular region or dorsum; dorsal region of thorax bounded by scapular feathers |
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Term
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Definition
| humeral region; feathers that overlie the scapula bone at the base of the dorsal wing |
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Term
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Definition
| uropygium, uropygial region, overlies the pelvic bones |
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Term
| Dorsal upper tail coverts |
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Definition
| single row of feathers covering the bases of the tail feathers |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| major flight feathers of the wing (remiges) that are attached to the manus of the forelimb, main propulsive area of the outer wing, providing most of the forward thrust in active flight (10) |
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Term
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Definition
| attached to ulna of forearm, connected to the trailing edge of ulna. Trailing edge of the wings airfoil. Soaring. (9-25) |
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Term
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Definition
| three (usually) small, stiff quills arising from the first digit (pollex) of the manus. The alula acts as an aerodynamic slot and spoiler, aiding and disrupting air flow over the wing in flight. |
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Term
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Definition
| cover the anterior dorsal surface of wing, hairlike, flexible vanes. |
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Term
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Definition
| single row of large covert feathers adjacent to primary and secondary flight feathers (shield bases of remiges) |
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Term
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Definition
| single row of coverts just anterior or proximal to greater coverts. |
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Term
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Definition
| the last 2 or 3 distinct rows of covert feathers b/w the larger coverts and small soft feathers of marginal coverts. |
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Term
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Definition
| humeral feathers, proximal to innermost secondaries |
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Term
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Definition
| major flight feathers attached to manus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| single row of relatively large covert feathers adjacent to primary and secondary flight feathers |
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Term
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Definition
| very soft feathers that form a smooth, featureless surface on anterior edge of ventral wing. |
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Term
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Definition
| long and stiff covert feathers covering the ventral base of the wing in "armpit area" |
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Term
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Definition
| produce bright yellow and red plumage |
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Term
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Definition
| produce blacks, grays, and light browns in plumage |
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Term
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Definition
| produce greens, some reds, and red-browns in plumage |
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Term
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Definition
| not based on pigment but due to separation or modification of lights. Whites and blues, some green. Iridescence is structural, too. |
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Term
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Definition
part of the head in skeleton
-supports the globe of the eye, feature shared with dinosaurs |
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Term
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Definition
head of skeleton -bones of tongue 1) Paraglossale 2) Basihyal 3) Urohyal 4) Ceratobranchial 5) Epibranchial
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
| bones that make up the tails of tailed mammals |
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Term
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Definition
| final few caudal vertebrae fused into single ossification supporting the tail feathers and musculature (retrices attach to these) |
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Term
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Definition
wishbone
-forked part or bone, fused clavicles of birds |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
runs axially along the midline of sternum and extends outward, perpendicular to the plane of the ribs.
Keel is anchor to which a birds wing muscles attach; leverage for flight |
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Term
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Definition
enables a tendon from the flight muscles on the breast to lift the wing by contracting
3 bones: coracoid, scapula, clavical
-starts as small vertical groove along the medial surface of the coracoid at head of coracoid, 2 projections of bone form a nearly complete tunnel; forked anterior end of scapula forms upper end of canal. |
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