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Ornithology
Passerine Systematics
12
Biology
Undergraduate 3
05/07/2008

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Tyrannidae

 (Tyrant Flycathers)

Definition
- Order: Passeriformes
- Typically erect posture while perched
- Broad, flat bill hooked at tip; triangular in outline from above; rictal bristles present
- Tarsi short, scutellate
- Plumage usually drab
- Ten primaries in each wing
- Suboscine: song poorly developed 
- Sexually monomorphic 
Term

Laniidae

(Shrikes) 

Definition
- Order: Passeriformes
- Predatory, medium sized birds
- Large head with strong hooked bill
- Strong legs with sharp claws, scutellate tarsi
- Ten primaries in each wing 
Term

Vireonidae

(Vireos) 

Definition
- Order: Passeriformes
- Small with heavy bill that is slightly hooked or notched
- Ten primaries in each wing
- Similar body shape to Parulidae but heads relatively bigger and bills thicker
- Sexually monomorphic 
Term

Corvidae

(Jays and Crows) 

Definition
- Medium to the largest passerines
- Bristles point forward over the nostrils
- Tarsus large, strongly scutellate, booted behind
- Ten primaries in each wing 
Term

Alaudidae

(Larks) 

Definition
- Order: Passeriformes 
- Very long toe nails
- Small to medium-sized passerines 
- Bill pointed, slightly downcurved
- Legs fairly long
- Claw on hind toe long and straight
- Wings long and pointed
- Ten primaries in each wing
- Frequently crested 
Term

Hirundinidae

(Swallows) 

Definition
- Small to medium-sized passerines
- Wings very long and pointed
- Bill small and flat but with wide gape; triangular in outline from above; rictal bristles present
- Legs short and scutellate; feet weak
- Nine obvious primaries in each wing; secondaries very short 
Term

Paridae

(Chickadees and Titmice) 

Definition
- Order: Passeriformes
- Small passerines
- Sociable and energetic
- Bill short and stout 
- Wings short to medium, rounded
- Tail at least as long as wings
- Ten primaries in each wing 
Term

Sittidae

(Nuthatches) 

Definition
- Scansoial: glean insects from tree trunks
- Small, stocky passerines
- Short, square tail; only birds that walk down tree trunks head first
- Bill thin, pointed, typically straight
- Tasi scutellate in front, nails very curved and compressed
- Tail much shorter than wings
- Ten primaries in each wing
- Forage, work their way down a tree 
Term

Certhiidae

(Creepers) 

Definition
- Order: Passeriformes
- Small passerines that climb trees straight up
- Bill slender, pointed, downcurved
- Long, stiff, pointed tail feathersl tail about as long as wings
- Toes, thin, claws shar and long
- Ten primaries in each wing 
Term

Troglodytidae

(Wrens) 

Definition
-Order: Passeriformes
- Small to medium-sized passerines with chunky bodies
- Front toes partly joined at base
- Bill slender, usually decurved
- Tail usually short, often held upright and cocked
- Wings short, rounded, concave
- Tarsi scutellate in front
- Ten primaries in each wing 
Term

Regulidae

(Kinglets) 

Definition
- Very small, energetic passerines
- Slender bills
- Tail shorter than wings
- Ten primaries in each wings 
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