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Ornithology Quiz 2
Sound Produduction and Sound Types
24
Biology
Undergraduate 3
11/14/2011

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Term
Non-Vocal sound production
Definition
Vibrate feathers or drum with head/feathers.
Term
Snipes winnow
Definition
Twist outer rectrices and vibrate to made very strange sound.
Term
Have morse code of tapping specific to sites. Use their head.
Definition
Woodpeckers
Term
Drum with wings by beating them on a log.
Definition
Ruffed grouse
Term
Organ used for sound production
Definition
Syrinx
Term
Change shape of syrinx
Definition
Syringeal muscles
Term
Sound producing membranes
Definition
Lateral and medial labia and tympaniform membranes.
Term
Tympaniform Membranes
Definition
Stretch between the cartilaginous rings and allow the syrinx to change shape.
Term
Occur only in the syrinx of song birds.
Definition
Semilunar and pessulus
Term
Calls
Definition
Sounds that are short and non-sexual. Alarm calls, mob calls, etc.
Term
Songs
Definition
Multiple syllable sounds that can be very complex. Sexual, territorial, etc
Term
Frequency of non-locatable alarm calls
Definition
7 kilohertz
Term
Frequency of locatable alarm calls
Definition
Lower than 7 kilohertz
Term
Most common type of syrinx
Definition
Tracheabronchial
Term
Syrinx with no muscle
Definition
Cannot sing. Example, turkey vultures can only hiss.
Term
Percentage of air used in sound production
Definition
100%
Term
Ways sound is modulated.
Definition
Muscles in and around syrinx, throat/bill movements and tracheal length.
Term
Bird with greatest frequency range
Definition
Brown-headed cowbird.
Term
Types of calls
Definition
Alarm calls (locatable and non-locatable), begging calls, recruitement calls and contact calls.
Term
Bird with 2400 different songs
Definition
Brown thrasher.
Term
Song matching
Definition
Tendency for neighbours to have similar songs.
Term
Type of bird that uses accents to distinguish between territorial and sexual calls.
Definition
Warbles.
Term
Song is a product of...
Definition
Sexual selection
Term
Polygyny
Definition
Male bird with best song gets the most females.
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