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[image][image]You have the CEO with different divisions underneath (marketing, manufacturing, etc)
pros: concentrates expertise pool
cons: creates us vs. them atmosphere |
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You have CEO and then different regions
pros: promotes cross functional thinking
cons: redundant and there is a "who's the boss" problem |
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You have a chart with marketing, manufacting, etc down the first colum and then you have regions going across on the top row like a chart
pros: optimizes resources and expertise
cons: too many people to answer to |
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Definition
- Assigned vs. Assumed
- Interact to achieve objectives
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Formal and Informal
- Formal - command e.g. department - service/response e.g. qualitity control committee - task e.g. strategic task force
- informal - friends and family
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| Influence, Identity, Status, Affiliation, Goal Achievement |
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- Members provide different perspectives --> improves problem solving and creativity
- Heterogenous teams > Homogenous teams but not in implementation of solutions
- Diversity can prevent cohesion
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Definition
- Disijuntive - task requires only single member
- Additive - task requires multiple members but independent
- Conjunctive - task requires multiple members and elemts are interdependent
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Term
| Promotive Interdependence |
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Definition
| When two parties need each other |
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| Conditions for Collaborative Negotiations |
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Definition
Potential for Mutual Gain
High aspirations
Problem-solving Orientation
Premised on Relationship |
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| Keys to Win-Win Negotiations |
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Definition
Focus on Shared Goals
Separate people from Problem
Attend to Interests
Be Creative |
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Definition
Tradition
Primacy - first thing done
Critical incidents
Conscious Decisions |
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Definition
| Emotional sense of connection and commitment of members to one another |
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Definition
Shared or interdependent goals
History of success
INterpersonal attraction
Common threat or enemy |
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Definition
| the tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working collectively than when working individually |
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- Lowest common denominator: Bailey can make us go to lecture but can't make us get A's
- Limited Applicability
- Unwelcome Side-effects
- Ill-suited for Modern Organizations
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Term
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Definition
- Legitimate Power: associated with position
- Resrouce: control over resources
- Expertise: special knowledge and skill
- Charisma: personality
- Social: comes from others - colaition
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Definition
| Change in attitutdes or behavior because of adherence to widely accepted norms and standards |
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| Normative Social Influence |
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Definition
| So motivated to belong that it overrides consideration of other factors |
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| Informational Social Influence |
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Definition
| Uncertain as to how to proceed or what to believe, so appeal to admired others or reference group |
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Term
| Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of needs |
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Definition
| Physiological, safety, social, esteem, self-actualization |
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Term
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Definition
- Theory X: employees hate work and will avoid it so employees must be corrected with punishment
- Theory Y: employees can view work as naturally as rest and play and they will be good if they are committed to objectives
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Definition
| Factors that lead to job satisfaction are distinct from those that lead to job dissastisfaction (motivation-hygeine) |
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| Specific goals produce a higher level of output than does the generalized goal |
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| A process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions to give meaning to their environment |
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| Attribution suggest that when we observe someone's behavior, we attenmpt to determine whether it was caused internall or externally |
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| people tend to attribute success to internal factors, and failure to external |
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| Fundamental Attribution Error |
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Definition
| People tend to overestimate internal influence and underestimate external influence |
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Definition
| paid a fixed sum for each unit of production |
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| tendency to fixate on intial information an failing to adequately adjust for subsequent information |
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Definition
| seeking out information that reaffirms past choices and discounting information that contradicts past judgements |
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| The tendency for people to base their judgements on information that is readily avaiable |
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| Render judgements based on how readily explanations or instances come to mind (Bailey thinks in terms of psychology) |
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| Representativeness Heuristic |
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Definition
| Render judgements based on resemblance to typical cases |
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| Role, person, Self, Event, Object |
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| Process by which humans attempt to bring about desired state of affairs |
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Definition
| power, affiliation, and achievement |
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| Process by which belief in one's own capabilities improves performance |
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Definition
- Extroversion
- Agreeableness
- Conscientiousnes: propensity to structure and organize life
- Emotionality(calm vs. neurotic, worried, anxious)
- Openess
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Term
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Definition
- Terminal - desirable end states (comfort, excitement, peace, beauty)
- Instrumental - desireable means for achieving terminal values (ambitious, capable, clean)
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