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Organization of the Body
vocab&review
86
Medical
Undergraduate 1
06/01/2011

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Term
poster/o
Definition
back, behind
Term
proxim/o
Definition
nearest
Term
spin/o
Definition
spine, backbone
Term
thoraci/o
Definition
chest
Term
ventr/o
Definition
belly, front side of body
Term
viscer/o
Definition
internal organs
Term
ana
Definition
up, backward, against
Term
epi
Definition
above
Term
inter
Definition
between
Term
-iac
Definition
pertaining to
Term
meta
Definition
change, after, beyond
Term
-ism
Definition
process
Term
anter/o
Definition
front
Term
dors/o
Definition
back
Term
hist/o
Definition
tissue
Term
medi/o
Definition
middle
Term
nucle/o
Definition
nucleus
Term
sacr/o
Definition
sacrum
Term
sarc/o
Definition
flesh
Term
-ectomy
Definition
excision, removal, resection
Term
-oma
Definition
tumor, mass
Term
-tomy
Definition
incision, to cut into
Term
-genic
Definition
produced by
Term
chrondr/o
Definition
cartilage
Term
cyt/o
Definition
cell
Term
anabolism
Definition
process of building up complex materials "proteins" from simple materials
Term
catabolism
Definition
process of breaking down complex materials "foods" to form simpler substances and release energy
Term
anterior
Definition
front side of the body
Term
cytoplasm
Definition
all the material outside the nucleus & enclosed by the cell membrane
Term
abdominal cavity
Definition
pertaining to the region below the chest containing the internal organs
Term
cranial cavity
Definition
space containing the brain and surrouded by the skull
Term
diaphragm
Definition
muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities
Term
peritoneum
Definition
membrane surrounding the organs in the abdomen
Term
pleural cavity
Definition
space surrounding each lung
Term
thoracic cavity
Definition
space int he chest containing the heart, lung and other organs
Term
umbilical
Definition
central region near the naval
Term
lumbosacral
Definition
region from L5 to S1
Term
vertebra
Definition
pertaining to the back bones
Term
sagittal
Definition
divides the body or structure into unequal right and left parts
Term
transverse
Definition
plane running across the body parallel to the ground
Term
crani/o
Definition
pertaining to the skull
Term
abdomin/o
Definition
central region of the body
Term
adip/o
Definition
fat
Term
chondroplasty
Definition
surgical repair of cartilage
Term
cervic/o
Definition
neck "of the body" or "of the uterus"
Term
urethra
Definition
tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
Term
coccyg/o
Definition
pertaining to the tailbone
Term
inguin/o
Definition
pertaining to the groin
Term
later/o
Definition
pertaining to the side
Term
lumb/o
Definition
lower back
Term
tissue
Definition
group of similar cells arranged with inter-cellular substance between them specialized to perform a particular function
Term
physiology
Definition
scientific study of functions of organism which describes how organs work independently and in relation to whole organism
Term
anatomy
Definition
scientific study of the structure of organism which describes size, shape, construction and relative positions of organs in the body
Term
anatomical position
Definition
the body standing erect with arms at the side and the palms facing forward
Term
sagittal plane
Definition
lengthwise plane parallel to midline running front to back dividing body or any part into equal right or left sides or parts
Term
coronal or frontal plane
Definition
lengthwise plane running side to side dividing body into front and back parts
Term
cranial cavity
Definition
brain and pituitary gland
Term
pleural cavities
Definition
each one contains a lung
Term
pelvic cavity
Definition
urinary bladder, female/male sex organs, part of large intestine, cecum, appendix, rectum
Term
proximal
Definition
nearer a point of reference usually the trunk or middle of the body
Term
external or superficial
Definition
on or close to the outside of the body
Term
distal
Definition
farther away from a point of reference
Term
anterior or ventral
Definition
the front or belly side of the body
Term
internal or deep
Definition
on the inside of the body
Term
posterior or dorsal
Definition
the backside of the body
Term
inferior
Definition
farther away from the head or toward the lower part of the body
Term
caudal
Definition
refers to the tail or tail end
Term
plantar
Definition
the sole or bottom of the foot
Term
cephalic or cranial
Definition
refers to the head or head end
Term
palmar
Definition
the front or palm of the hand
Term
prone
Definition
lying abdomen down, face down (or to the side)
Term
supine or dorsal recumbent
Definition
lying down on the back, face up
Term
spleen
Definition
left upper quadrant
Term
left kidney
Definition
left upper quadrant
Term
bile ducts
Definition
right upper quadrant
Term
most of the liver
Definition
right upper quadrant
Term
hypochondriac right, epigastric, hypochondirac left, right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar, iliac, hypocastric, left iliac
Definition
nine abdominal regions:
Term
cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism
Definition
the major types of body structures from simplest to most complex
Term
survival
Definition
state the single ultimate goal of an organism...
Term
movement, metabolism, reproduction
Definition
list the three basic activities for life of an organism
Term
solids
Definition
make up about 40 percent of the total body composition
Term
liquids
Definition
make up 60 percent of the total body composition
Term
two
Definition
fluids are found in ____major compartments of the body
Term
extracellular
Definition
outside the cells refers to _____fluid
Term
muscular system
Definition
provides the framework for the body
Term
integumentary system
Definition
covers the body; protects the organisms from injury, disease, and infection; and functions in temperature regulation, excretion of wastes, and the receiving of sensations
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