Term
Chirality
Chiral vs. Achiral |
|
Definition
Chiral- A nonsuperimposable mirror image
Achiral- A mirror image that can be superimposed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vertical lines are projected backwards, while the tops of the atom stays the same |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| two atoms that are nonsuperimposable are enantiomers of each other. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
in a L- isomer, the last -OH is on the left hand side.
in a D- isomer, the last -OH is on the right hand side. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the most abundant of all organic compunds in nature. are sugars, are are made up of C, H, & O. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The simplest carbohydrate. cannot be split or hydrolyzed into a smaller carbohydrate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consists of two monosaccharides joined together. Can be split. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| naturally occuring polymers consisting of many monosaccharide units. |
|
|
Term
| Naming monosaccharides by aldose and ketose |
|
Definition
Aldose- the carbonyl group is on the first carbon(-CHO)
Ketone- the carbonyl group is on the second carbonas a ketone(C=O) |
|
|
Term
| how to draw a Haworth Structure |
|
Definition
1: turn the open chain clockwise
2: fold the carbon chain(-OH group on carbon 5 goes on carbon 1) |
|
|
Term
| alpha and beta on a haworth structure |
|
Definition
| the structure is alpha if the -OH on C1 is down. It is beta if the -OH on C1 is up |
|
|
Term
| Oxidation of Monosaccharides |
|
Definition
oxidizes in the presence of Cu2+.
adds an O to C1. |
|
|
Term
| reduction of monsaccahrides |
|
Definition
reduces in the presence of H+.
takes away an O. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| monosaccharides that reduce another substance. |
|
|
