Term
| Explain what it means to be an organic molecule |
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Definition
| contain a carbon backbone and at least one C-H bond |
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Term
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Definition
| Carbons, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids |
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Term
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Definition
| building blocks of substance |
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Term
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Definition
| many monomers bonded together |
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Term
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Definition
| a hydroxyl OH- group and a hydrogen atom H+ are removed to form a bond |
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Term
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Definition
| adding a water molecule to break a bond in a molecule |
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Term
| Structure and function of carbohydrates |
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Definition
short term energy storage
C,H,O |
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Term
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Definition
Monosaccharide- 3-7 carbon atoms (glucose)
Disaccharide- 2 monosaccharides |
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Term
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Definition
Polysaccharide- up to 4,000 monosaccharides long
starch, glycogen, cellulose |
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Term
| Most important monosaccharide in the body |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| maltose, sucrose, lactose |
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Term
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Definition
| Starch, glycogen, cellulose |
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Term
| Structure and function of lipids |
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Definition
| Mostly C and H, a little O |
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Term
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Definition
| Triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids |
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Term
| Structure and function of a triglyceride |
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Definition
| Dietary fats and oils, one glycerol molecule with three fatty acid molecules |
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Term
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Definition
| no double bonds between carbon atoms, causes cardiovascular disease |
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Term
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Definition
| contains double bonds, healthy fat |
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Term
| Which type of triglyceride is least healthy |
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Definition
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Term
| Structure and function of phospholipids |
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Definition
| a glycerol, a phosphate group, and 2 fatty acids. form structure of a cell membrane |
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Term
| Structure and function of steroids |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Support for hair, nails, ligaments, tendons, and skin
**test answer: ENERGY is not a function of protein** |
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Term
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Definition
| Central carbon H-COOH, NH2 |
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Term
| Total number of different amino acids |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| change in shape of proteins usually caused by pH or heat |
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Term
| 4 levels of protein organization |
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Definition
primary structure- linear sequence of amino acids
secondary structure- alpha helix, beta pleated sheet
tertiary structure- 3D shape, hydrophobic amino acids, hydrogen bonding |
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Term
| Type of bond that helps maintain tertiary structure |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| base sequence codes for amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
| carries the code to the ribosomes for protein synthesis |
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Term
| Structure of a nucleotide |
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Definition
| made of sugar, a phosphate group, a nitrogen base |
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Term
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Definition
Adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
A-T
C-G |
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Term
| Type of bond that holds the base pairs together |
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Definition
| H-bonds create the double stranded helix molecule |
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Term
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Definition
adenine, cytosine, guanine, uracil
A-G
C-U |
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Term
| Types of sugar found in DNA and RNA |
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Definition
DNA- Deoxyribose, thymine
RNA: ribose, uracil |
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Term
| Central dogma of molecular genetics |
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Definition
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