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Organ Systems
organ systems, dude.
31
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
01/31/2012

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Cards

Term
integumentary system
Definition

skin and associated structures

largest organ*

Term
digestive system
Definition

consists of connective tissue, muscle and epithelium

includes: salivary, liver and pancreas glands*

functions: transform, excrete, absorb food

Term
respiratory system
Definition

includes nasal passages, trachea, bronchi and lungs 

 

lines with epithelium that allow exchange of gasses

Term
lymphatic system
Definition

includes thymus, spleen, tonsils and lymph nodes

 

produces antibodies against bacteria and proteins

Term
vascular system
Definition

includes heart, veins, arteries and capillaries

 

produce and circulate blood, phagocytosis

Term
endocrine system
Definition

includes thyroid, parathyroid, pituitary, ovaries, testes, pancreas and adrenals

 

function to secrete hormones to act on target cells

Term
urinary system
Definition

includes kidneys, ureters, bladder and external urinary meatus (passage or opening)

 

function: filter toxins from the blood to concentrate them and excrete them in urine

Term
reproductive system
Definition

male includes testes, prostate, seminal vesicles

 

female includes ovaries, uterus and vagina

 

functions to produce sex cells, sperm & egg with 1/2 chromosome reduction

Term
special senses
Definition

includes ears, eyes, nose

 

each include all four tissue types

Term
classified cell shape & arrangement:
Definition
stratified and simple
Term
simple epithelium:
Definition

squamous

endothelial

mesothelial

cubodial

columnar

pseudostratified

Term
endothelial
Definition
lines heart, blood & lymph vessels
Term
mesothelial
Definition
lines pleural, pericardial and peritoneal
Term
cubodial
Definition
found in kidneys and glands
Term
columnar
Definition
most glands, small intestines, respiratory passages
Term
pseudostratified
Definition
respiratory passages, male reproductive organs
Term
transitional
Definition

(cube to pear) 

 

urinary passages, bladder

Term
afferent
Definition
info to CNS
Term
efferent
Definition
info away from CNS
Term
somatic
Definition
carries info to voluntary muscles
Term
autonomic
Definition
carries info to involuntary muscles
Term
sympathetic
Definition
fight or flight
Term
parasympathetic
Definition
modifies activity by sympathetic nervous system
Term
neuroglia
Definition
support nervous system
Term
neurons
Definition
conduct and recieve impulses
Term
dendrites
Definition
receive & conduct impulses to cell body
Term
perikaryon
Definition

(cell body)

 

contains nucleus, cytoplasm & rough ER

Term
axon
Definition
long, thin process ends in axon terminals
Term
two properties of neurons:
Definition

irritability

conductivity

Term
subtypes of connective tissue vary by:
Definition

proportion of cells

fiber

intercellular ground substance

location in body

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