Term
|
Definition
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Chemical irritation
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Thermal changes
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Mechanical damage
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Bacterial effects
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Cracks in crown
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Root fractures
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|
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Term
| Pulpitis leads to the compression of what? |
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Definition
| Venous return and strangulation of the arterial inflow |
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|
Term
| What is the main sign used to determine the severity of pulpal inflammation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is reversible pulpitis often referred to as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is reversible pulpitis? |
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the pulp can return to normal state after noxious stimuli is removed |
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|
Term
| How do you distinguish reversible from irreversible pulpitis? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are other clinical features of reversible pulpitis? |
|
Definition
-
Sensitive to cold and possible sweets
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Usually large caries or fillings
-
Usually needs stimuli
-
Sensitivity to percussion if cracked
|
|
|
Term
| In reversible pulpitis, pain subsides within how many seconds? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is irreversible pulpitis? |
|
Definition
| Damage to the pulp beyond the point of recovery |
|
|
Term
| What causes acute irreversible pulpitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acute irreversible pulpitis may be progression of what? |
|
Definition
| Focal reversible pulpitis |
|
|
Term
| What are other clinical features of acute irreversible pulpitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In acute irreversible pulpitis, how long does pain persist after stimuli are removed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What causes more inflammation in acute irreversible pulpitis? |
|
Definition
| Breakdown of destroyed odontoblasts forced into dentinal tubules |
|
|
Term
| What are other histological features of acute irreversible pulpitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chronic irreversible pulpitis is usually relieved by what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are other clinical features of chronic irreversible pulpitis? |
|
Definition
-
May be initiated by lying down
-
Reduced reaction to thermal change
-
Response to electric pulp test often increased
-
May have fistulous tract
|
|
|
Term
| What are the histological features of chronic irreversible pulpitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical features of necrotic pulp? |
|
Definition
-
Discoloration of crown
-
No reaction to pulp test
-
Painless
|
|
|
Term
| What is another name for chronic hyperplastic pulpitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is chronic hyperplastic pulpitis? |
|
Definition
| Overgrowth of inflamed granulation tissue coming from the pulp |
|
|
Term
| Pulp polyp usually occurs in what age group and why? |
|
Definition
| Apices of teeth have not closed in children and young adults providing good blood supply |
|
|
Term
| Pulp polyp usually affects which teeth? |
|
Definition
| Deciduous molar and first permanent molar |
|
|
Term
| What are other clinical and histological features of pulp polyp? |
|
Definition
-
Due to large carious exposure
-
Usually painless except when biting on area
-
Pulp is vital
-
Surface becomes epithelialized
|
|
|
Term
| What is transillumination? |
|
Definition
-
May show if there is pulpal death
-
Show discoloration of crown
-
To detect early carious lesions in anterior teeth
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|
|
Term
| A tooth with chronic irreversible pulpitis often feels what due to percussion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Repair is more often achieved in periapical pathosis not pulpal disease. Why? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is acute apical periodontitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical features of acute apical periodontitis? |
|
Definition
-
Localized
-
Can be excruciating
-
Tooth in supra occlusion
-
No overt swelling
|
|
|
Term
| What are the histological features of acute apical periodontitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does acute apical periodontitis look like on the x-ray? |
|
Definition
| No change or slight thickening of periodontal membrane |
|
|
Term
| What is periapical abscess? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical features of periapical abscess? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is periapical abscess often less painful than acute apical periodontitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the histological features of periapical abscess? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does periapical abscess look like on the x-ray? |
|
Definition
| May vary from widened periodontal space to large alveolar radiolucency |
|
|
Term
| What are the potential sequellae of an untreated abscess? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Infection travels facial planes in path of least resistance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Infection of bone along medullary spaces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-
Floor of mouth and neck
-
Elevates tongue
-
No airway
|
|
|
Term
| What is cavernous sinus thrombosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pus takes path of least resistance. What are they? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is the buccal plate the most common path of least resistance? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is chronic apical periodontitis? |
|
Definition
| Mass of chronically inflamed granulation tissue at apex of non vital tooth |
|
|
Term
| What is another name for chronic apical periodontitis? |
|
Definition
| Periapical or dental granuloma |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical features of chronic apical periodontitis? |
|
Definition
-
Common
-
Painless
-
"Stand off" between local resistance and noxious stimuli
-
May arise after quiescence of periapical abscess
-
Or develop as the initial periapical pathosis
|
|
|
Term
| What are the histological features of chronic apical periodontitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does chronic apical periodontitis look like on the x-ray? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dental granuloma may develop into what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is another name for apical periodontal cyst? |
|
Definition
| Periapical or radicular cyst |
|
|
Term
| What is the source of the epithelium in an apical periodontal cyst? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are other clinical features of apical periodontal cyst? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are radiographic features of apical periodontal cyst? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are histological features of apical periodontal cyst? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Apical periodontal cyst is associated with what other cysts? |
|
Definition
-
Lateral radicular cyst
-
Residual periapical cyst
|
|
|
Term
| What is a residual periapical cyst? |
|
Definition
| Growth of apical periodontal cyst left behind after extraction |
|
|
Term
| Follow up of apical periodontal cyst after treatment? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When is surgery indicated for apical periodontal cyst in addition to biopsy? |
|
Definition
| For lesions 2 cm or larger |
|
|
Term
| What type of cancer can occur in periapical cysts lined by squamous epithelium? |
|
Definition
| Squamous cell carcinoma but extremely rare |
|
|
Term
| What is chronic focal sclerosing osteomyelitis? |
|
Definition
| Bone sclerosis associated with apices of tooth with mild pulpitis |
|
|
Term
| What is another name for chronic focal sclerosing osteomyelitis? |
|
Definition
| Condensing osteitis or periapical osteosclerosis |
|
|
Term
| What is idiopathic osteosclerosis? |
|
Definition
-
Most common bony lesion of the jaws
-
On or near apices of teeth
-
Not related to tooth with large restoration
|
|
|
Term
| What causes condensing osteitis? |
|
Definition
| High tissue resistance to low grade infection |
|
|
Term
| Condensing osteitis occurs in what age group? |
|
Definition
| Usually children and young adults |
|
|
Term
| Condensing osteitis usually affects which tooth? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are other clinical features of condensing osteitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does condensing osteitis look like on the x-ray? |
|
Definition
-
Circumscribed area of radiopaque sclerotic bone
-
No radiolucent border
-
Entire root outline visible
-
Not periapical cemental dysplasia
|
|
|
Term
| What percentage of condensing osteitis regresses partially or totally after extraction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Residual area of condensing osteitis that remains after resolution of inflammation |
|
|
Term
| Follow up after root canal? |
|
Definition
|
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