Term
| What are s/sx of schizophrenia? |
|
Definition
delusions/hallucinations
disorganized speech
catatonic behavior |
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 types of schizophrenia? |
|
Definition
paranoid
disorganized
catatonic
undifferentiated
residual |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sudden severe confusion and rapid changes in brainf fxn that occur with physical or mental illness |
|
|
Term
| What are triggers for delirium? |
|
Definition
drugs
EtOH
chemical disturbances
infection
poisons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic, relapsing brain dz despite devastating consequences |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| physiologic medical condition where the body is dependent on the drug for fxn |
|
|
Term
| Is physical dependence the same as addiction? |
|
Definition
| No, but they are commonly overlapped |
|
|
Term
| What are some drugs that may produce addiction w/o physical dependence? |
|
Definition
stimulants
hallucinogens
dissociatives |
|
|
Term
| What are drugs that produce dependence AND addiction? |
|
Definition
bendzodiazepines
opiates
alcohol
nicotine |
|
|
Term
| What % of Americans abstain from EtOH? |
|
Definition
| 1/3 (apparently Opt students were left out) |
|
|
Term
| What % of Americans that drink, drink problematically? |
|
Definition
| 1/3 of the 2/3 who drink. (22%) overall |
|
|
Term
| What was the timeframe of the doubling of ER visits due to prescription opiate abuse? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most prescribed medication in the US? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What % of high school seniors had abused vicodin in the previous 12 months? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What % of high school seniors have abused oxycontin within the last 12 months? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are factors that contribute to development of addiction? |
|
Definition
genetics
psychosocial factors
personality
environmental factors |
|
|
Term
| What becomes a factor in drug-seeking behavior that begins once the drug itself is in use? |
|
Definition
| It can act on the brain directly to further promote drug-seeking behaviors |
|
|
Term
| What are two factors that contribue to addictive behavior? |
|
Definition
reinforcement
neuroadaptation |
|
|
Term
| What % of pt's who become addicted to drugs have a genetic predisposition? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the reward pathway? |
|
Definition
| The positive stimulus that the person experiences while engaging in an activity, whether it be drug use, eating, drinking, sex, or nurturing |
|
|
Term
| Can conscious control be exerted over the desire for pleasurable behaviors so they are not consumed in excess? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the neurological reward centers? |
|
Definition
| The VTA is linked to the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex |
|
|
Term
| What neurotransmitters are used in the neural circuitry of acute drug reinforcement? |
|
Definition
All of them
dopamine
serotonin
opioid
GABA |
|
|
Term
| What are the strongest GABA reinforcers? |
|
Definition
| benzodiazepines like valium and versed |
|
|
Term
| In addicted pt's, what is seen besides the reward associated with the high? |
|
Definition
| When they come down off the drug, they will drop into a low where they feel worse than they would normally feel off of the drug. This is negative reinforcement |
|
|
Term
| What is counteradaptation? |
|
Definition
| The brain becomes insensitive to the drug, so more and more is needed to trigger the same positive reward as the initial use |
|
|
Term
| What are eating disorders? |
|
Definition
| unhealthy attitudes and behavior about eating that lead to negative consequences |
|
|
Term
| What is the hardest eating disorder to treat? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the 3rd most common chronic illlness in adolescents? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What psychiatric disorder has the highest mortality rate? |
|
Definition
| anorexia nervosa; 20% mortality in 20 years if left untreated |
|
|
Term
| What is the BMI cutoff for hospitalization in anorexia nervosa? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cycle of binge eating and purging |
|
|
Term
| What % of bulimia nervosa pt's will see full recovery with tx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are SE of eating disorders? |
|
Definition
thinning of macula and nerve layers
decreased dopamine --> visual processing difficulty |
|
|
Term
| What ocular SE is worse with Bulimia nervosa than anorexia nervosa? |
|
Definition
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