Term
| What systemic syndrome is associated with Schwannoma? |
|
Definition
| Neurofibromatosis Type II |
|
|
Term
| What systemic syndrome is associated with Neurofibroma? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What is the systemic syndrome associated with Mucosal Neuromas? |
|
Definition
| Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome Type III (MEN III or IIB) |
|
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Term
| What are the smooth muscle neoplasms? |
|
Definition
Leiomyoma (benign)
Leiomyosarcoma (malignant) |
|
|
Term
| What are the skeletal muscle neoplasms? |
|
Definition
Rhabdomyoma (benign)
Rhabdomyosarcoma (malignant) |
|
|
Term
| What is the pathogenesis of a Traumatic Neuroma? (Reactive, Neural Lesion) |
|
Definition
- Caused by injury to peripheral nerve (ex: tooth extraction, or LA injection, or accident)
- Transection of a sensory nerve can result in inflammation and scarring in the area of injury bc the nerve segment is attempting to proliferate |
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Term
| In an Immunohistochemistry profile, what would differentiate a tumor of neural origin? |
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Definition
| A tumor of neural origin would be positive for S-100 |
|
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Term
| What are common sites for a Traumatic neuroma? |
|
Definition
Soft tissue: lower lip, tongue, buccal mucosa and palate
Intrabony: Mental foramen, or extractions sites in the ant max and post mand |
|
|
Term
| Treatment for Traumatic neuroma? |
|
Definition
| Surgical excision (recurrence is infrequent) |
|
|
Term
| What is a related lesion to Granular Cell Tumors? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical features of a Granular Cell Tumor? |
|
Definition
- Benign tumor, neural sheath origin
- Any age, females slightly more than males
- Any site; usualy the tongue
- Asymptomatic
- Same or lighter in color than mucosa
- Intact overlying epithelium |
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|
Term
Histopathology description: "Large, uniform cells w/ granular cytoplasm, overlying pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia, cells positive for S-100"
Which neural neoplasm is this? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is a Schwannoma most likely found? |
|
Definition
| On the tongue, but could be found in any oral site |
|
|
Term
| Where is a neurofibroma most commonly found? |
|
Definition
Tongue and buccal mucosa, but could be anywhere.
Can also occur intrabony |
|
|
Term
| Where are Mucosal Neuromas usually found? |
|
Definition
Tongue, buccal mucosa, and Lip***
***If found on the lip (commissure) very like to have the associated systemic syndrome MEN III (IIB) |
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|
Term
Histology description: "Antony A and Antony B patterns, positive for S-100, actin and desmin stains are negative"
Which neural lesion is this? |
|
Definition
| Schwannoma (Neurilemmoma) |
|
|
Term
Histology description: "Haphazardly arranged spindle cells (Schwann)"
What neural lesion is this? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is is important to determine if a patient has Neurofibromatosis type I in a patient with neurofibromas? |
|
Definition
| Because a patient with NF1 has a 5-15% chance that the neurofibroma will undergo malignant transformation to a neurogenic sarcoma |
|
|
Term
| What are phenotypic expressions of Neurofibromatosis I? |
|
Definition
- Cutaneous Neurofibromas
- Neurofibroma on tongue and enlarged fungiform papillae
- Cafe au lait pigmentation (smooth edges)
- Plexiform Neurofibroma |
|
|
Term
| What conditions are associated with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome Type III (MEN III)? |
|
Definition
- Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid
- Pheochromocytoma of adrenal glands (hypertension)
- Mucosal Neuromas*
- Marfanoid (long) body
*could be found in oral cavity |
|
|
Term
Histological description: "Hamartoma of the nerve tissue with the main difference being the thickening of the perineurium"
What neural lesion is this? |
|
Definition
| Mucosal neuromas of MEN III syndrome |
|
|
Term
| What is the significance of diagnosing mucosal neuromas? |
|
Definition
| They may be the first sign in the potentially fatal Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type III |
|
|
Term
| What is the 5 year survival rate for medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (associated with MEN III)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which oral tumor of neural origin is not associated to any systemic syndromes? |
|
Definition
| Palisaded Encapsulated Neuroma (solitary circumscribed Neuroma) |
|
|
Term
| What is the name of a rare malignancy that develops from either a preexisting neurofibroma or de novo, and could also be a complication of neurofibromatosis? |
|
Definition
| Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor |
|
|
Term
| What is the common sites for Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Histopathology:
The lesion is composed of:
- Abundant spindle cells and wavy nuclei
- Variable numbers of abnormal mitotic figures
- Streaming and palisading of nuclei are often seen
- Nuclear pleomorphism
What lesion is this? |
|
Definition
| Malignant peripheral nerve sheath Tumor |
|
|
Term
| What is the tx for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor? |
|
Definition
Wide surgical excision but recurrence is common
5 year survival rate 40%, if the pt has NF the rate is 15% |
|
|
Term
| What lesion is described as a rare malignant lesion that arises from olfactory tissue in the superior portion of the nasal cavity? |
|
Definition
| Olfactory Neuroblastoma (Esthesioneuroblastoma) |
|
|
Term
| What are symptoms of Olfactory Neuroblastoma? |
|
Definition
Epistaxis, rhinorrhea, or nasal obstruction
These are very similar characteristics to a benign condition called Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma |
|
|
Term
| Histological description: "Small, undifferentiated, round blue cells with little visible cytoplasm. Pseudorosette and rosettes. Compartmentalization" What lesion is this? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of an uncommon reactive lesion of skeletal muscles in which ossification occurs? |
|
Definition
| Myositis Ossificans (muscle, reactive lesion) |
|
|
Term
| What is the common sites for Myositis ossificans? |
|
Definition
| In the head and neck it commonly occurs in masseter and SCM |
|
|
Term
| Radiographically what does myositis ossificans look like? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What would be a differential dx for myositis ossificans? |
|
Definition
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Term
| Tumor is positive for actin and negative for desmin, what could it be? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tumor is positive for actin and negative for desmin, what could it be? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tumor is positive for actin and desmin, what could it be? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tumor is negative for actin and positive for desmin, what could it be? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of lesion would appear like any other benign soft tissue lesion but have a yellowish hue to it? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Histology: Irregular fat cells with atypical nuclei.
What is this describing? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma in pediatric patients? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Histology: Spindle cells with atypical nuclei, infiltrative invasive borders, necrosis, >2 mitotic figures/10high power field.
What is this? |
|
Definition
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