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Precip average for the CO |
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Largest river in the state is |
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Important in Washington, Oregon |
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Thunderstorms, hurricanes |
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Precip rate Texture Vegetation Antecedent Moisture |
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If infiltration Decreases with time |
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Soil moisture is increased Soil Tension is decreased |
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Clayey soil No veg Infil LOW Runoff HIGH |
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Permiable (Kentucky Blue Grass) |
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Sandy Soil Forest Cover Infil HIGH Runoff LOW |
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Time to peak is SHORT reach Discharge is HIGH |
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Time to peak is long Reach Discharge is LOWER |
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Water Repellant layers Few CM thick, Porduced by organic matter REDUCES INFILTRATION CAPACITY (excess runoff) |
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Biggest flood in CO history Caused by summer thunderstorms |
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Has more rain and is getting less snow |
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Built in 1930s Orginally called Boulder Dam has hydropower generation |
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Small, limited storage of water but doesn't disrupt the flow |
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Built primaraly to run small mills, water wheel power for mills |
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Removing b/c power no longer needed and limits access to fish habbitat |
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Built for storage, larger dams and reserviors |
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Built from 1937-41, purpose was hydro ecectricity for aluminum |
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Groundwater account for what % of water withdrawal?? |
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The only source of water and very important as a source of clean water |
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Head/Distance (H/X) Slope |
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Function of size of pores 1. Course sediment = High K 2. Silt/clay sediment = Low K |
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Sustains flow in the stream inbetween rainstorms |
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Stream water supplied to aquifer = recharged |
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If withdrawls > recharge then?? |
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Evapotransporation Irrigation |
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Recharge occurs thru Seepage, river supplies as irrigation water |
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Sands and Gravel deposited approx 15 million years ago by braded rivers |
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Ogallala is thickest and thinest in |
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Thickest in NE Thinest in OK,TX |
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Subsidence and California |
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20-30 feet of subsidence in san joaquin valley |
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Algal Blooms = eutraphification Draws oxygen out of water, not good for fish |
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Attached to soil particles and enter streams thru soil erosion |
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From coal powerplants creates sulfuric acid |
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why is acid precip a problem in the NE U.S. and Canada? |
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Soils reflect cation exchange |
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River carries water (q) and Sediment discharge |
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Is a function of Precip and Runoff |
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Function of Topy, climate, veg, rock type |
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Driving force function of slope depth |
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Silt and Sand that is suspended in the flow |
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Gravel and Boulders that move along the bed |
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Fg (downward) Weight Fd (Eastward) Drag Fc (Upward) lift force |
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What two forces make particles move |
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Lift force and drag force |
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It takes a greater force to move... |
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increases with Q, not linear large change in q = small change in T |
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Narrow and deep, Low sed load Consists of silt and clay |
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Resistant to erosion, can withstand forces of flow |
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sediment size Decrease downstream |
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Decrease downstream due to weathering and little rocks out run big rocks |
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