Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Quadriceps (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, medialis and intermedius) |
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Term
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Definition
| Semimembranosus and semitendinosus (hamstrings) |
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Term
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Definition
Motor: innervates quadriceps, ilacus, sartorius and pectineus
Sensory: anterior thigh and medial leg |
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Term
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Definition
Courses through greater sciatic foramen, in 85% sciatic nerve will be inferior to piriformis
2 Divisions:
Tibial
Motor: Hamstrings except short head of biceps femoris, most plantar flexors and toe flexors
Sensory: Lower leg and plantar aspect of foot
Peroneal:
Motor: Short head of biceps femoris, evertors and dorsiflexors of the foot and most extensors of the toes
Sensory: lower leg and dorsum of foot |
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Term
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Definition
| Angle between neck and shaft of the femur <120 degrees |
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Term
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Definition
| Angle between neck and shaft of the femur is >135 degrees |
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Term
| Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) |
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Definition
| Originates at posterior aspect of the femur and attaches to anterior aspect of the tibia. It prevents anterior translation of the tibia on the femur |
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Term
| Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) |
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Definition
| Originates on the anterior aspect of the femur and inserts on the posterior aspect of the tibia. It prevents posterior translation of the tibia on the femur |
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Term
| Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) |
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Definition
Origin: Femur
Insertion: Tibia
Also articulates with the medial meniscus |
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Term
| Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) |
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Definition
Origin: Femur
Insertion: Fibula |
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Term
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Definition
| Dorsiflexion, eversion and abduction (fibular head glides anteriorly) |
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Term
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Definition
Plantarflexion, inversion and adduction
Fibular head glides posteriorly |
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Term
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Definition
| Decreased Q ankle, patient is bow-legged |
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Term
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Definition
| Increased Q angle, patient is knock-kneed. |
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Term
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Definition
Proximal fibular head resists anterior spring
Distal fibula may be anterior and resists posterior springing
Talus internally rotated causing foot to invert and plantarflex |
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Term
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Definition
Proximal fibular head resists posterior spring
Distal fibula may be posterior
Talus externally rotated causing foot to evert and dorsiflex |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: VBs of T12-L5
Insertion: Lesser Trocanter of femur
Innervation: Femoral nerve (L1, L2, L3)
Action: Flexes hip |
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Term
| Sartorius (anterior thigh) |
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Definition
Origin: ASIS
Insertion: Upper medial side of tibia
Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3)
Action: Flexes, abducts and externally rotates thigh |
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Term
| Rectus femoris (anterior thigh) |
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Definition
Origin: AIIS and groove of acetabulum
Insertion: Base of patella
Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Action: Flexes hip and extends knee |
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Term
| Vastus Medialis (anterior thigh) |
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Definition
Origin: Medial lip of femur
Insertion: Base of patella
Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Action: Extends knees |
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Term
| Vastus Lateralis (Anterior Thigh) |
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Definition
Origin: Greater trocanter and body of femur
Insertion: Base of patella
Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Action: Extends knees |
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Term
| Vastus Intermedius (Anterior Thigh) |
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Definition
Origin: Body of femur
Insertion: Base of patella
Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Action: Extends knees |
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Term
| Adductor Longus (Medial Thigh) |
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Definition
Origin: Body of pubis
Insertion: Middle 1/3 of linea aspera of femur
Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Action: Adducts, flexes and internally rotates thigh |
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Term
| Adductor Brevis (medial Thigh) |
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Definition
Origin: Body of inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: Pectineal line, upper part of linea aspera
Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Action: Adducts, flexes and internally rotates thigh |
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Term
| Adductor Magnus (Medial Thigh) |
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Definition
Origin: IT, inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: Linea aspera, adductor tubercle, supracondylar line
Innervation: Obturator and sciatic nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Action: Adducts, flexes and extends thigh |
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Term
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Definition
Origin: Body and inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: Superior part of medial tibia
Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2, L3)
Action: Adducts thigh, flexes leg
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Term
| Semitendinosis (Posterior Thigh) |
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Definition
Origin: Ischial Tuberosity (IT)
Insertion: Superior part of medial tibia
Innervation: Sciatic nerve (tibial portion), L5, S1, S2
Action: Extends thigh, flexes and internally rotates leg |
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Term
| Semimembranosis (Posterior Thigh) |
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Definition
Origin: Ischial Tuberosity (IT)
Insertion: Medial condyle of tibia
Innervation: Sciatic nerve (tibial portion)/L5, S1, S2
Action: Extends thigh, flexes and externally rotates leg |
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Term
| Biceps Femoris (Posterior Thigh: Extensors of the hip joint and flexors of the knee joint) |
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Definition
Origin: Long Head: IT; Short head: Posterior femur
Insertion: Head of fibula
Innervation: Sciatic (LH: tibial, SH= peroneal)/L5, S1, S2
Action: Extends thigh, flexes and externally rotates leg |
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Term
| Gluteus Maximus (Gluteal region: abductors and rotators of the thigh) |
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Definition
Origin: Ilium, sacrum, coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial tract
Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Action: Extends hip |
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Term
| Gluteus Medius (Gluteal Region: Abductors and Rotators of the Thigh) |
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Definition
Origin: Ilium
Insertion: Greater trocanter
Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve (L5, S1)
Action: Abducts hip
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Term
| Tensor Fascia Lata (Gluteal Region: Abductors and Rotators of the Thigh) |
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Definition
Origin: Iliac crest and ASIS
Insertion: Iliotibial tract
Innervation: Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4, L5)
Action: Flexes, abducts hip |
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Term
| Piriformis (Gluteal Region: Abductors and Rotators of the Thigh) |
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Definition
Origin: Anterior sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: Greater trocanter
Innervation: Sacral nerve (S1, S2)
Action: Externally rotates leg
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Term
| Tibialis Anterior (Anterior and Lateral Compartments of the Leg) |
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Definition
Origin: Lateral tibial condyle, IO membrane
Insertion: 1st cuneiform, 1st metatarsal
Innervation: Deep peroneal nerve (L4, L5)
Action: Dorsiflexes and inverts foot |
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Term
| Extensor Hallucis Longus (Anterior and Lateral Compartments of the Leg) |
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Definition
Origin: IO membrane, anterior fibula
Insertion: Distal phalanx of big toe
Innervation: Deep peroneal nerve (L5, S1)
Action: Extends big toe, dorsiflexes foot |
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