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Old Testament
Introduction - Chapter 4
104
Bible Studies
Undergraduate 1
01/31/2011

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Term
Balk
Definition
The walls of a hole
Term
Tel
Definition
A mound of buried cities
*200 out of 3,000 have been discovered
*Digging for these is done in square holes
*Layered like a cake... yummy...
Term
Sherd
Definition
A piece of broken pottery
Term
Stele
Definition
A stone monument
Term
Ostracion/Ostraca
Definition
A pottery piece with writing
Term
Artifact
Definition
Any object altered by human skill
Term
Masoretes
Definition
Name means "transmitters"
*Their manuscripts used to translate Bibles
"They counted verses, words, even every letter
*GREATEST contribution - vowels added
Term
Papyrus
Definition
Forerunner of paper
*Used in 10th century BC
Term
Keywords to the Uniqueness of the Bible
Definition
Revelation, Inspiration, Illumination
Term
Revelation
Definition
Truth and Information
Originating in God and made known by Divine self-disclosure
*Everything in the Bible is TRUE, but not all is TRUTH
Term
Inspiration
Definition
The process by which the Revelation was written down.

*All Scripture is inspired by God and is useful to teach us what is true and to make us realize what is wrong in our lives. It corrects us when we are wrong and teaches us to do what is right. 2 Timothy 3:16
Term
Illumination
Definition
The enlightenment of the Holy Spirit on the mind of the believer as he reads the inspired Revelation.

*"But people who aren't spiritual can't understand it, for only those who are spiritual can understand what the Spirit means." 1 Corinthians 2:14
Term
Bara
Definition
Hebrew, used only when God "created from nothing"
Term
Creatio ex nihilo
Definition
Latin for Bara
Used for when God "created from nothing"
Term
Yom
Definition
Hebrew word for day
(Nearly 1700 times in the OT)
*Has up to 50 varied meanings
Term
Ben
Definition
Hebrew for "son of"
Also "descendant of"
Term
Nephesh Hayah
Definition
Hebrew for "living soul"
Humans and Animals have these
Term
Mitochondrion
Definition
Every woman carries the mark of every mother in her past
Term
OT Languages
Definition
Hebrew
Aramaic
Greek-Septiagint (Bible)
Latin-Vulgate (Bible)
English- Tyndale (Famous Translator of the Bible who was the "Father of the English Bible. He was martyred)
Term
Woman's seed
Definition
How world will be saved
Term
Enuma Elish
Definition
Babylonian myth, creation story
*A humanized, fanciful account of gods created in man's image."
Term
Sumerian King List
Definition
8 Kings Ruled
People lived longer and died later BEFORE the flood
Term
Noah
Definition
Builder of the arc; survivor of the arc
Term
Ham's Sin
Definition
Homosexuality or incest?
He saw, Noah, his father's nakedness, which was that of his wife, when Noah was drunk
Term
Gilgamesh Epic
Definition
An artifact that gives reference to the flood and its existence
Term
Utnapishtim
Definition
The "Noah" of the Gilgamesh Epic
Term
Ziggurats
Definition
staged towers; "to be high"
Term
Via Maris
Definition
HIghway of Fertile Crescent
Term
Fertile Crescent
Definition
Area where Palestine and Israel meet. Where most of OT takes place.
Term
Sumerians
Definition
Very creative and Intelligent
Inventors of cylinder seals and writing with wedged pen (cuneiform)
Term
Akkadians
Definition
Overpowered the Sumarians
First "World Conquerors" and ruled for two centuries
Term
Pishon
Definition
Four Rivers of the Garden in Eden
Found but not there anymore
Term
Gihon
Definition
One of the 4 Rivers of the Garden in Eden
Unknown location
Term
Tigris
Definition
One of 4 Rivers of Garden in Eden
Term
Euphrates
Definition
One of 4 Rivers of Garden in Eden
Term
Sargon
Definition
Ruler of Akkadians
Term
Nuzi Tablets
Definition
Clay Tablets (cuneiform) confirmed influence of surrounding culture upon life as described in the Bible
Term
Mari Tablets
Definition
(cuneiform) contained commericial and political administrative matters
Term
Menes
Definition
Egyptian who united the country; Egyptian Pharoah founded the first dynasty.
Term
Primeogeniture
Definition
Laws that the first born inherits what the family has
Term
Pyramids
Definition
Funeral tomb for Kings 2700 BC
Term
Hyksos
Definition
Invaded Egypt and conquered it.
Race clan; similar to the Hebrews
Technological advances.
Term
Canaan
Definition
Purple Land
Term
Phoenicia
Definition
Purple Land
Term
Philistine
Definition
People who settled in the land and named it Palestine
Term
Palestine
Definition
comes from the Philistine people who settled there
Term
Shephelah
Definition
Low lands, foothills; lead up to Mountains
Term
Negev
Definition
Dry Stream; Desert
Term
Ghor
Definition
The Rift Valley; lowest spot on earth; 4,000 miles long
Term
Wadi
Definition
Dry stream; River bed; where rain water goes
Term
Beni Hassan
Definition
Egyptian cemetery
Term
Terah
Definition
Abraham's father?
Also Sarah's..
Term
Ur
Definition
Where Abraham was born; a sumer city
Term
Nannar
Definition
Moon God
Term
Abraham
Definition
Abram
Term
Sarah
Definition
(Sarai) Abraham's Wife who, initially, couldn't have children
Term
"Children of Heth"
Definition
Hittites
Term
Hittites
Definition
"Children of Heth"
Term
Ephron
Definition
Sold Machpelah to Abraham
Term
Machpelah
Definition
Cave Abraham bought from Ephron to bury his wife, Sarah.
Term
Ilku
Definition
Hittite Tax
Term
Melchizedek
Definition
King of Sodom
Term
Eliezer
Definition
Abraham's head servant
Term
Lot
Definition
Abraham's nephew
Took the "good" land
Father of girls who turned into the pillar of salt
Term
Hagar
Definition
Sarah's servant; mother of Ishmael
Term
Ishmael
Definition
Abraham's first born; cursed with a nation who became Muslim
Term
Isaac
Definition
Abraham's second born; his people became Christians
Term
Rebekah
Definition
Isaac's wife
Favored her son Jacob over Esau
Term
Jacob
Definition
Isaac's second-born son
Pretended to be Esau for inheritance
Term
Laban
Definition
Jacob's Uncle
Term
Leah
Definition
Laban's first born
Married to Jacob under false intentions
Term
Rachel
Definition
Jacob's second wife
Hid Laban's teraphim under camel saddle because they were property deeds
Term
Mohar
Definition
currency?
Term
Teraphim
Definition
Household gods; deed to property;Rachel took from father's home
Term
Galeed Esau
Definition
?
Term
Levirate Custom
Definition
First born/Oldest brother could marry widowed sister-in-law
Term
Hatshepsut
Definition
Female ruler of Egypt
Term
Amarna Tablets
Definition
Gives archaelogical evidence of the day of the Exodus
Term
Tetragrammaton
Definition
"to be" like "I am"
GREEK
Term
Yahweh/Jehovah
Definition
God told Moses this was His name
Term
Elohim
Definition
God in the plural
Trinity
Term
Moses
Definition
Delivered the Hebrews
Term
Zipporah
Definition
Moses' wife; 2 sons together
Term
Aaron
Definition
Moses' brother; speaker
Term
Miriam
Definition
Moses's sister
Term
Midian
Definition
Where Moses fled
Term
Passover
Definition
"guard"
When God spared first born
Term
Manna & Quail
Definition
How God provided for His people in the desert
Term
Hammurabi Code
Definition
Economic base, listed punishment, harsh
Term
Casuistic law
Definition
"if-then" law
Term
Apodictic law
Definition
moral stability laws-only found in Bible
Term
Tabernacle
Definition
Worship Center
Term
Tabernacle furniture
Definition
Altar of Burnt Offering (outside)
Incense alter (holy place)
7 branch that doesn't burn (holy place)
Bread holder (holy place)
Arc of the Covenant (Holy of Holies)
Term
Day of Atonement
Definition
Atone for overlooked sins-remove them via scapegoat
Term
Scapegoat
Definition
Day of Atonement, sent out of city
Term
Harvest Festival
Definition
remember poor/needy
Term
Goel
Definition
to redeem/one who pays off a person's debt
Term
Feast of Tabernacles
Definition
reminder of temporary dwellings in desert for 40 years
Term
Burnt Offering
Definition
Complete consecration to God
Term
Grain Offering
Definition
Dedication of one's gifts to God
Term
Peace Offering
Definition
fellowship and communion with God and people
Term
Sin Offering
Definition
Restoration of moral relationship with God
Term
Trespass Offering
Definition
Forgiveness, restitution, restoration
Term
Periodic Seasons
Definition
Sabbath: Every 7th day, balance and spiritual flavor to life
Sab Month: Every 7th Month; to begin the religious new year
Sab Year: Every 7th year; debt adjustment
Jublilee: every 50 years; debts get erased
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