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OIT ABA511 with Dr. Bailey
Intro to ABA Vocab
60
Other
Graduate
10/04/2021

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Term
Antecedent
Definition
A stimulus that precedes or accompanies a behavior and may exert discriminative control over that behavior
Term
ABA
Definition
It is a system designed to analyze and change behavior in a precisely measurable and accountable manner.
Term
Baseline
Definition
Repeated measures of the strength or level (e.g., frequency, intensity, rate, duration, or latency) of behavior prior to the introduction of an experimental variable.
Term
Behavior
Definition
Any living organism’s directly measurable actions or physical functions, including both saying and doing.
Term
Contingencies
Definition
The specified dependencies or relations between behavior and its antecedents and consequences.
Term
Determinism
Definition
Doctrine that acts of will, occurrences in nature, or social or psychological phenomena are causally determined by preceding events or natural laws.
Term
Differential reinforcement
Definition
Consists of reinforcing particular behavior(s) of a given class (or form, pattern or topography) while placing those same behaviors on extinction and/or punishing them when they fail to match performance standards or when they occur under inappropriate stimulus conditions.
Term
Discriminated operant
Definition
A response that occurs only when the particular SD is present.
Term
Discriminative stimuli (SD)
Definition
Stimuli that control behavior differentially, after having been present reliably when a response either has been reinforced, placed on extinction, or punished.
Term
S-delta
Definition
An antecedent stimulus in the presence of which a given response is not likely to be reinforced.
Term
Elicit
Definition
In respondent conditioning of reflexes, a verb used to denote the effect of an antecedent conditioned or unconditioned stimulus on a conditioned or unconditioned response.
Term
Emit
Definition
A verb that describes the occurrence of an operant behavior.
Term
Environment
Definition
The context in which the behavior occurs.
Term
Evidence-based practices
Definition
Practices, programs, or procedures scientifically demonstrated to be effective with like populations.
Term
Selectionism
Definition
A theory that all forms of life naturally and continually evolve as a result of the interaction between function and the survival value of the function.
Term
Experimental analysis of behavior
Definition
A scientific method designed to discover the functional relation between behavior and the variables that control it.
Term
Extinction
Definition
The diminished rate (or eventual total absence) of a behavior, resulting from the discontinuation of reinforcement contingent on a particular target behavior.
Term
Extinction burst
Definition
A predictable, temporary increase in the rate, variability, and intensity of an array of (presumably previously reinforced) responses.
Term
Four term contingency
Definition
Includes the following elements: motivating or establishing operations, antecedent stimuli (discriminative stimuli), responses (behaviors), and consequences.
Term
Functional relation
Definition
A lawful relation between values of two variables.
Term
Response generalization
Definition
The spread of effects to other classes of behavior, when one class of behavior is modified by reinforcement, extinction, and so on. The shift in the form or topography of a behavior.
Term
Stimulus generalization
Definition
The occurrences of the response in the presence of antecedent stimuli sharing certain characteristics with those previously correlated with reinforcement.
Term
Generalized reinforcer
Definition
Effective for a wide range of behaviors as a result of having been paired with a variety of previously established reinforcers (primary and conditioned).
Term
Intermittent reinforcement
Definition
A schedule of reinforcement in which some, but not all, of the occurrences of a response are reinforced.
Term
Fixed interval schedule
Definition
A schedule according to which reinforcers are presented contingent on the first response emitted following an interval of a constant time period.
Term
Variable interval schedule
Definition
A schedule according to which reinforcers are presented contingent on the first response emitted following the completion of intervals averaging a specific time period.
Term
Learning
Definition
Any enduring change in behavior produced as a function of the interaction between the behavior and the environment.
Term
Limited hold
Definition
A restriction placed on an interval schedule requiring that to be eligible for reinforcement, the primed response (the first response following termination of the required interval) must occur within a specific span of time following that interval.
Term
Matching Law
Definition
A description of a phenomenon according to which organisms distribute their responses according to the proportion of payoff during choice situations.
Term
Motivating operation
Definition
Antecedent events that (a) change the value of the consequence, or, (b) along with the immediate discriminative stimulus (SD), may alter the relative frequency or probability of behavior.
Term
Fixed ratio schedule
Definition
A schedule of reinforcement requiring a specific number of responses be emitted for reinforcement.
Term
Noncontingent reinforcement
Definition
The reinforcer is presented on a fixed-time (FT) or variable-time (VT) schedule of reinforcement, regardless of the client’s actions at the time.
Term
Operant level
Definition
The strength (e.g., rate or duration) of behavior prior to any known or designed conditioning.
Term
Overcorrection
Definition
A reductive procedure composed of a relevant and educative form of contingent exertion.
Term
Restitution
Definition
Requires the individual to restore the environment to a state substantially improved from that which existed prior to the act.
Term
Positive practice
Definition
Requires the individual repeatedly to practice a positive alternative behavior.
Term
Parsimony
Definition
The simplest theory that fits the facts of a problem is the one that should be evaluated before moving to a more complex explanation
Term
Maintenance
Definition
The extent to which a learner continues to perform the target behavior after a portion or all of the intervention has been removed.
Term
Positive reinforcer
Definition
A stimulus, such as an object or event, that follows or is presented as a consequence of a response and results in the rate of that response increasing or maintaining.
Term
Premack Principle
Definition
Statement that contingent access to higher-probability behavior (“preferred activities”) reinforces lower-probability behavior
Term
Punisher
Definition
A stimulus that, when presented immediately following a response, effects a reduction in the rate of the response.
Term
Punishment
Definition
An event occurring contingent on a response that decreases the future probability of the response.
Term
Reinforcement
Definition
A process in which a behavior is strengthened as a function of an event that occurs as a consequence of, or contingent on, the response.
Term
Reinforcer
Definition
A specific behavioral consequence, the addition of which functions, to increase or maintain the rate of a behavior.
Term
Replication
Definition
To repeat or duplicate an experimental procedure, usually to demonstrate its reliability by reproducing the results.
Term
Response class
Definition
The composite set of behaviors controlled by a particular reinforcing or punishing event.
Term
Response cost
Definition
A reductive procedure in which a specified quantity of available reinforcers are contingently withdrawn following the response, resulting in a decrease in the rate of the response.
Term
Resurgence
Definition
The recurrence of previously reinforced behavior when a target, or dominant, behavior is placed on extinction.
Term
Schedule of reinforcement
Definition
The rule followed by the environment that determines which among the many occurrences of a response will be reinforced.
Term
Stimulus
Definition
A specific or combination of physical objects or events, (stimuli), which affect the behavior of an individual.
Term
Stimulus class
Definition
A group of antecedent stimuli that have a common effect on an operant class.
Term
Stimulus control
Definition
The process that enables an antecedent to gain control over one or more particular behaviors as a function of the individual’s experience of response-consequence correlation in the presence of that antecedent.
Term
Pragmatism
Definition
A philosophic position asserting that the truth value of a statement is determined by how well it promoted effective action
Term
Time out
Definition
A procedure in which access to varied sources of reinforcement is removed or reduced for a particular time period contingent on an unwanted response, for the purpose or reducing the rate of the response.
Term
Rule governed behavior
Definition
Behavior under the control of as rules and instructions, rather than behavior shaped by reinforcing or aversive consequences.
Term
Prediction
Definition
A statement of the anticipated outcome of a presently unknown or future measurement.
Term
Radical behaviorism
Definition
A form of behaviorism that attempts to understand all human behavior, including private events such as thoughts & feelings in terms of controlling variables in the history of the person and species.
Term
Empiricism
Definition
The objective observation of the phenomena of interest.
Term
Variable ratio schedule
Definition
A schedule of reinforcement requiring a varying number of responses for reinforcement.
Term
Philosophic doubt
Definition
An attitude that the truthfulness and validity of all scientific theory should be continually questioned.
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