Term
| Recomended Flow rates for Residential and Commercial fires |
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Definition
Residential: 150 GPM min
Commercial: 250 GPM min |
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Term
True of False?
A combo nozzle will always exhibit a poor spray pattern with low pressure and gallonage. |
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Definition
| False! You may still have a good pattern even with insufficient flow. |
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Term
| Recent testing by the NIST has shown temperatures at the ceiling of an involved fire room to be ______ ? |
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Definition
| up to and exceeding 2400 degrees fahrenheit. |
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Term
| What PSI are smooth bore nozzles run at in the OFD? What PSI for Combo nozzles? |
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Definition
| Both are operated at 50 PSI |
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Term
| Common combustables put out ______ BTU per pound whereas newer synthetics put out ______ BTU a pound. |
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Definition
Common combustables: 800 BTU/LB
Synthetics: 8000-16000 BTU/LB |
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Term
| Volume of smoke produced by synthetics fires is approximately ______ times the amount seen on a common combustable fire? |
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Definition
| Over 500 times the smoke is produced by synthetics. |
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Term
| What is "Black Fire"? What should you do if you encounter it? |
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Definition
| Smoke conditions so dense where there may be roll over or involved portions of the room which you cannot see. Intense heat is also present. SPRAY THE CEILING! |
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Term
| If the fire attack is stalled what two things can you do to help restart it? |
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Definition
| Increase the amount of water you are flowing or increase the ventilation of the room |
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Term
| What is "Fog Nozzle Ricochet" and why is it bad? |
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Definition
| When you hit the fire with a fog pattern and the resulting pressure wave has no where to go (not enough room ventilation) and the steam rolls up and over the hose crew burning them. |
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Term
| Whats does the acronym A.D.U.L.T.S. stand for? |
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Definition
It stands for the times you may want to employ a 2.5" attack line instead of a smaller line.
A- Advanced fire progress
D- Defensive fire ops
U- Unable to locate the source
L- Large area involved
T- Tons of water needed
S- Standpipes |
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Term
| Older information states that water expands ______ times when coverted to steam at 212 fahrenheit. Newer research says that when the steam hits 1000 degrees fahrenheit it expands ______ times. |
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Definition
1700 times at 212 fahrenheit
4000 times at 1000 fahrenheit |
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Term
| What three things must you have in order for an "Indirect Fire Attack" to work? Who was credited with this methods invention? |
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Definition
1) Exterior to interior application
2) Fire in advanced stage
3) The fire room must be "buttoned up"
Chief Layman |
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Term
| What is a "Combination Fire Attack" and who invented it? |
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Definition
A Combo fire attack is where you cool the fire room but not too much to disturb the thermal balance.
Nelson and Royer. |
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Term
| What is "Tight Building Syndrome" and why is it important to us? Is this problem limited to new construction only? |
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Definition
| A "Tight" building is a building which is designed to be thermaly efficient and can hold a lot of heat during a fire. This is important to us since it changes expected fire behavior and the progression of a fire. Even older buildings may have newer "tight" construction retrofitted to them. |
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Term
| City policy is to use what kind of a stream in initial fire attack? |
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Definition
| Straight or solid stream. |
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