Term
| Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists |
|
Definition
use - tx glaucoma by dec aq prod and inc aq outflow
effect - allergic conjunctivitis
systemic - dry mouth, lethargy
CI - children (hypotension, seizures, encephalopathy) |
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|
Term
| Beta-adrenergic antagonists |
|
Definition
use - tx glaucoma by dec aq prod
systemic - bradycardia, bronchospasm, hypotension, reduced libido, depression
CI - pts with CV and pulm disease |
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|
Term
| Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (oral) |
|
Definition
use - tx glaucoma by dec aq prod
systemic - Stevens-Johnson syndrome, blood dyscrasias, renal stones, tingling in hands/feet/mouth, nausea, abnormal taste sensation, loss of libido, transient K depletion
CI - pts with sulfa allergies and history of renal stones |
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|
Term
| Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (topical) |
|
Definition
use - tx glaucoma by dec aq prod
effects - transient stinging and blurring
systemic - bitter taste |
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|
Term
|
Definition
use - tx glaucoma by inc aq outflow
effect - eyelash darkening and growth; irreversivle darkening of iris, uveitis, macular edema
systemic - flu-like sx (rare) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
use - mydriasis (dilation) and ciliary muscle paralysis (cycloplegia); act by blocking muscarinic receptors of iris sphincter and ciliary muscles
effects - loss of accomodation, photophobia, rarely contact dermatitis, very rarely acute angle-closure glaucoma
systemic - fever, skin flush, tachycardia, confusion (children), very rarely seizures |
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|
Term
|
Definition
use - dilated examinations of posterior segment by stimu iris dilator muscles
systemic - with 10%, inc BP, cardiac arrhythmia, mycardial infarct; esp in pts taking systemic beta blockers |
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