Term
| Congenital Iris Abnormalities |
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Definition
Coloboma
Congenital Extropion Uveae
Heterchromia Irides
Persistent Pupillary Membrane
Haemangioma
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Term
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Definition
| unequal pupil sizes. cause: defect in efferent nervous pathway controlling pupil, physical lesions, drugs: pilocarpine, cocaine, tropicamide, scopolamine. |
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Term
| Which pupil is abnormal in Anisocoria? |
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Definition
| smaller pupil = abnormal, won't dilate in dim light: thus sefect in sympathetic fibers (Horners) |
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Term
| Which pupil is abnormal in Anisocoria? |
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Definition
larger pupil =abnormal,
it will not contract in response to light;
defect= parasympathetic defect (oculomotor nerve palsy) |
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Term
| anisocoria with decreased menatl status, confustion , severe headache is a sign of? |
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Definition
sign of blood, tumor or other pathology inside the brain pressing on nerves.
Emergency neurosurgical!~ |
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Term
| What is an Iris Coloboma? what is clinical significance? |
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Definition
tissue cleft or defect lined by pupillary ruff;
no impact on VA/accomodation
Concern: may lead to lens subluxation
Tx: none, use CLs later in life
Etiology: caused by incomplete fusion of the fetal fissure during gestation, inferior nasal, bilateral, full thickness of the iris. |
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Term
What is an Iridocorneal Dysgenesis?
what is clinical significance? |
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Definition
3 types:
- Axenfeld-rieger syndrome
- Peter's anomaly
- Aniridia
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Term
|
Definition
| displacement of pupil from normal central location |
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Term
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Definition
| more than one opening in the iris |
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Term
| what does axenfeld-rieger syndrome look like? |
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Definition
- bilateral posterior embryotoxon w/iris strands attached to it.
- peripheral anterior synechiae &hypoplasia of the anterior stroma of the iris
- Iris atropy & misshapen pupil (*discoria)
- dental, craniofacial & skeletal abnormalities
- check for glaucoma
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Term
|
Definition
absence of iris tissue (stubs)
Features: bilateral condition (rare), abnormal neuroectodermal gene mutation (PAX6), corneal lenticular & fundus changes,
photophobia, nystagmus, decrease vision, strabismus |
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Term
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Definition
peripheral ant segment defects: 1) posterior embryotoxon
2)peripheral anterior synechiae
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Term
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Definition
| posterior embryotoxon, peripheral anterior synechia + additional Iris & pupil abnormalities (corectopi: pupil displaced from central) |
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Term
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Definition
| posterior embryotoxon & peripheral anterior synechiae + systemic developmental defects ( dental, craniofacial & skeletal) |
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Term
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Definition
autosomal dominant, 85% of cases.
called AN-1 |
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Term
| ANIRIDIA: miller Syndrome |
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Definition
called AN-2
autosomal dominant (13%)
associated with Wilm's tumor, genitourinary anomalies and Medial Rectus |
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Term
| Aniridia: Gillespie syndrome |
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Definition
| AN-3 2%, mental handicap & cerebellar ataxia |
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Term
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Definition
1) Anterior segment: opacity, microcornea, dermoids (overgrowths), sclerocornea.
2) Lenticular: subluxation, opacity, absence, Persistent Pupillary Membrane
3) fundus: foveal hypoplasia, optic nerve hypoplasia, choroidal colobomas
4) others: Nystagmus, cognitive disabilities, secondary glaucoma |
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Term
| what is the etiology for fuch's heterochromic iridocyclitis? |
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Definition
- chronic nongranulomatous anterior uveitis in the lighter colored eye.
unilateral, young adults 20-60yrs;
bilateral 7.8 -10% only,
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Term
| Congenital Ectropion Uvea |
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Definition
Pigmented posterior iris epithelium extends over the anterior iris,
rare, nonprogressive,
1 or both eyes,
follow for glaucoma. |
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Term
|
Definition
secondary to retinal ischemia or inflammation most commonly!
(Iris rubeosis: neovascularization on iris; ruby red blood) |
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Term
| what causes acquired heterochromia irides and what does it have to do with? |
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Definition
cause: Trauma, surgery, inflammation, foreign body,
Fuch's heterochromic iridocyclitis,
horner's syndrome. |
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Term
|
Definition
One iris has more than 1 color;
UNILATERAL |
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Term
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Definition
BILATERAL
each iris is a different color. |
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Term
| what would be the history of someone with Fuch's heterochromic iridocyclitis? |
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Definition
1) Floaters, from vitreous inflammation.
2)decreased vision[ secondary cataract]
3) low-grade inflammation for years
4) moderate inflammation with short topical corticosteroid therapy. |
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Term
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Definition
- Congenital
- horner's syndrome
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Term
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Definition
Naevus of Ota (melanocytes cluster in upper third of skin, looks like black eye)
Ocular siderosis (iron deposits in cornea),
diffuse nevus (common benign pigmented growth)or melanoma,
sturge-weber syndrome (port wine stains on face, cognitive disablities), latanoprost (reduces IOP) |
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Term
| Congenital heterochromia Irides |
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Definition
associated with cranio-dystosis (crouzon's dx)
- Congenital Horner's syndrome
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