Term
| What is hypovolimic and what would a patient have to do before seeing neck veins? |
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Definition
| "Decrease in blood plasma, they will have to lie down." |
|
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Term
| What would the patient be required to do when they are hypervolimic? |
|
Definition
| Sit at an angle of 60-90 degress. |
|
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Term
| What is the angle of the patient if judging JVP in a normal patient? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What does the JVP reflect and where is the best place to assess it? |
|
Definition
| "Right atrial Pressure, Right internal Jugular Vein" |
|
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Term
| What should be the distance between the sternal angle and the right atrium? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Is palpability of pulsations characteristic of carotid or internal jugular pulsations? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Height of pulsations changes with posititon. Carotid or Jugular pulsations? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Soft biphasic undulating quality with 2 troughs/elevations. Catrotid or Jugular? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| One single outward vigorous thrust. Carotid or Jugular pulsations? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Height of pulsations doesn't change with inspiration. Carotid or Jugular pulsations? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What is the main concern for increased JVP? |
|
Definition
| Right-sided congestive heart failure. |
|
|
Term
| What are some lesser concerns of increased JVP? |
|
Definition
| "Constrictive Pericarditis, Tricuspid Stenosis, Superior Vena Cava Obstructions" |
|
|
Term
| What is the average in cm of JVP considered to be normal? |
|
Definition
| 3-4 cm above sternal angle or 8-9 above the right atrium |
|
|
Term
| What would be a characteristic of obstructive lung disease and not Congestive H. Fail.? |
|
Definition
| "JVP elevated on expiration only, veins collapse on inspiration." |
|
|
Term
| "What is a elevated JVP 98 percent specific for, while increasing risk of death from H. Fail.?" |
|
Definition
| Increased left ventricular end diastolic pressure/Low left vent. Ejection fraction. |
|
|
Term
| What is the main cause of unilateral distension of the external jugular vein? |
|
Definition
| Local Kinking or Obstruction. |
|
|
Term
| What does the a wave precede? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When would you have an increased a wave? |
|
Definition
| "Tricuspid/Pulmonic Stenosis, AV Block, Supravent. Tachycardia, junctional rhythms, Hyperten." |
|
|
Term
| When would a waves be absent? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a v wave and when would it be large? |
|
Definition
| "Coincides with S2, Tricuspid regurgitation, constrictive pericarditis." |
|
|
Term
| What would be causes of decreased carotid pulsations? |
|
Definition
| "Decreased stroke volume, atheroslerotic narrowing or occlusion." |
|
|
Term
| Pressure on what structure may cause a reflex drop in pulse rate or BP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What condition would have a bounding pulse? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "What condition would have a small,thready, weak pulse?" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When would you have delayed carotid upstroke? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What may an aortic valve murmur sound like when radiated to the neck? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a bigeminal pulse? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a paradoxical pulse? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| An increase in 8% of 75+ with asymptomatic carotid bruits will lead to what? |
|
Definition
| Ischemic heart disease and stroke. |
|
|
Term
| T/F Presence of a carotid bruit predicts the degree of underlying stenosis. |
|
Definition
| False- Need further investigation. |
|
|
Term
| When is S1 and S2 decreased? |
|
Definition
| "S1-First degree Heart Block, S2- Aortic Stenosis" |
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