Term
| What are the four characteristics of an island arc? |
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Definition
1. Arcvate shape
2. always in a subduction zone
3. point seward
4. volcanoes
(also deep trenches and steep slopes) |
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Term
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Definition
| the carbonate compensation depth |
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Term
| what are the characteristics of the CCD? |
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Definition
1. 4500 meters deep
2. It is the depth that CaC03 dissolves
3. Created the AABW |
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Term
| What is the difference between the latitude and the longitude? |
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Definition
| latitude is the equator (horizontal). Longitude is the prime meridan (vertical) |
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Term
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Definition
| the Antarctic bottom water. |
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Term
| what is the difference between a course, a bearing and a heading? |
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Definition
COURSE: sets pathway of travel
BEARING: a degree from a fixed location
HEADING: direction of travel regardless of the course |
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Term
| what are the three plate boundaries? |
|
Definition
1. convergant
2. divergant
3. transform |
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Term
| Which plate boundary destroys? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| which plate boundary creates? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| which plate boundary is neutral? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the four characteristics of fracture zones? |
|
Definition
1. old mid-ocean ridges
2. 1000 miles long, 100 miles wide
3. fault scarps
4. transform faults |
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|
Term
| What is the pressure for each plate boundary? |
|
Definition
1. Convergant (compression)
2. Divergent (tension)
3. Transform (sheer) |
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Term
| How can you tell if a relief is low or high? |
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Definition
| if it's LOW it has a spaced contour line. If it is HIGH it has a close contour |
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Term
| What are the two kinds of biongenic sediments? |
|
Definition
1. Siliceous (radiolarians/diatoms)
2. carbonates (coccoliths/Forams) |
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|
Term
| What are two results of a subduction zone? |
|
Definition
| large earthquakes and volcanoes |
|
|
Term
| what is another term for subduction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many active hot spots are there? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What do hot spots result in? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the difference between a guyot and a seamount? |
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Definition
| a GUYOT is a volcanoe (mnt. structure) above water that sinks down to become a tabletop seamount. A SEAMOUNT is a Mid-ocean ridge, a mnt. beneath ocean surface |
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Term
| What are the two marginal types? |
|
Definition
1. Active margin
2. Passive margin |
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Term
| What is the difference between an active and passive margin? |
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Definition
| An ACTIVE margin has a trench and a steep slope and is characteristic with volcanoes. A PASSIVE margin has no trench, |
|
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Term
| what is the rate of movement for a continental drift? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the vertical exaggeration? |
|
Definition
| VE= 1 horizontal unit/ 1 vertical unit |
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|
Term
| What are the characteristics of contour lines? |
|
Definition
1. they never cross
2. if close, relief is steep
3. if spaced, relief is gradual |
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Term
|
Definition
| the depth of the ship below water level |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| a measurement of water depth usually measured in fathoms |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| a line of equal depth on a chart (equivalent to a contour line) |
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Term
| What is the difference between a contour and an isobath? |
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Definition
| a CONTOUR is is a line on a chart that connects equal values of a given dimension where an ISOBATH is a line of equal depth |
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Term
|
Definition
| the vertical distance between the highest and lowest points of an area |
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Term
| What does high relief generally describe? Low relief? |
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Definition
| HIGH RELIEF describes rough, rugged topography. LOW RELIEF describes flat terrain |
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Term
| What is the difference between Great Circle and the Small circle? |
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Definition
| The GREAT CIRCLE is all longitudal lines (vertical lines)and the equator. the SMALL CIRCLE is all latitude lines execept the equator |
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|
Term
| what is the Geographic North? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a unit of speed used at sea. 1 knot= 1 nautical mile per hour |
|
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Term
|
Definition
a basic unit of measurement at sea.
can equal 6080 feet, 1853 meters, or 1.853 km |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| What are the three types of boundaries bound to the lithospheric plate? |
|
Definition
1. fracture zones (transform faults)
2. mid ocean ridges (spreading centers)
3. trenches (subduction zones) |
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Term
| What is an active margin? |
|
Definition
| where an ocean and continent collide and a deep trench is formed at the base of steep slopes |
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|
Term
| What is an example of a mid-ocean ridge? a rise? |
|
Definition
MOR: Mid-Atlantic Ridge
RISE: East Pacific Rise |
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|
Term
| Where is an example of a passive margin? |
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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