Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Oceanography Exam 2
n/a
33
Geology
Undergraduate 2
03/09/2010

Additional Geology Flashcards


 

 


 

Cards

Term
Areas in the ocean with High Levels of Hypoxeia: Not enough oxygen 
Definition
What are Dead Zones?
Term
Discovery and study of the ocean floor contours
Definition
What is Bathymetry? 
Term
Method of measuring seafloor depth using powerful sound pulses
Definition
Echo Sounding?? 
Term
Spent lifetime collecting data to create a map of the ocean floors
Definition
what did Maria Tharp do? 
Term
provides more accurate measurements than echo sounders
Definition
Why are multibeam systems better than echo sounders? 
Term
A US Navy satellite that Measured the sea surface height from orbit.
Definition
What was the Geosat?
Term
Submerged outer edge of a continent
Definition
What is a continental margin? 
Term
Oceanic Crust
Definition
Continental crust is thicker than...?
Term
Oceanic lithosphere
Definition
continental lithosphere is less dense than...?
Term
The deep sea floor beyond the continental margin
Definition
What is an Ocean Basin?
Term
Converge, diverge or slip past one another
Definition
Lithospheric plates do what three things?
Term

canyons, mountains in the ocean.  Called this because of their earthquake and volcanoes 

EX: Pacific Ocean

Definition
Active margins?  What is an example? 
Term

Continental margins facing the edges of diverging plates because of little volcanic and earthquake activity.

EX: Atlantic Ocean

Definition
Passive Margins?  Give an Example
Term
the shallow, submerged edge of the continent
Definition
continental shelf?
Term
Transition between the continental shelf and the deep ocean floor
Definition
continental slope
Term
abrupt transition from continental shelf to the continental slope.
Definition
shelf break?
Term
accumulated sediment found at the base of the continental slope
Definition
continental rise?
Term
avalanche like sediment movement caused when turbulence mixes into water above a sloping bottom
Definition
turbidity current
Term
passive-margin continental shelf
Definition
broad shelf extend far from shore in a gentle incline
Term
mountainous chain of young basaltic rock at an active spreading center of an ocean
Definition
oceanic ridge
Term

Hot springs on active oceanic ridges

aka

black smokers

Definition
hydrothermal vents
Term
superheated water containing dissolved minerals and gases decend toward the hot magma chamber, leaking sulfur, iron, copper, zinc and other minerals from the surrounding rocks.  Heated, chemically active water dissolves minerals and escapes upwards through the vents by convection.
Definition
Explain the process of Hydrothermal vents/black smokers
Term
flat areas of sediment covered ocean floor between the continental margins and oceanic ridges
Definition
abyssal plains
Term
small, extinct volcanoes or rock intrusions near the oceanic ridges.
Definition
abyssal hills
Term
2 years
Definition
how long does it take for sediments to make it to the seafloor?
Term
volcanic projections from the ocean floor that do not rise above sea level.
Definition
seamounts
Term
flat-topped seamounts erroded by wave action 
Definition
guyouts
Term
arc-shaped depressions in the sea-floor caused by the subduction of a converging ocean plate
Definition
trenches
Term
false
Definition

true/false:

Mariana's Trench is smaller than mt. everest

Term
inorganic crystalline materials with specific chemical compositions
Definition
minerals
Term
extends from the low tide mark to the edge of the continental shelf
Definition
Neritic Zone
Term
vary in composition and thickness 
Definition
pelagic sediments
Supporting users have an ad free experience!