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| are units of DNA that hold information about traits |
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| location along the length of the chromosome |
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| give rise to different forms of a gene(alleles) |
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| Individuals that carry two identical alleles of a gene |
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| offspring of a cross between individuals homozygous for different alleles of a gene/ with 2 non-identical alleles |
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| masks the effect of a RECESSIVE alleles patterned with it on the homologous chromosome |
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| is an individual with 2 dominant alleles |
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| Is an individual with 2 recessive alleles |
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| The particular alleles carried by an individual |
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| Process by which the information contained in a gene becomes converted to a cell structural or functional part of the cell |
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| An individuals observable traits |
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| an experiment in which individuals with different alleles at one locus are crossed or fertilized |
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| A diagram used to predict the outcome of a testcross |
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| Chance that a particular outcome of an event will occur/ depends on the total number of possible outcomes |
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| Method of determining genotype;a cross between an individual of an unknown genotype and a homozygus ressesive individual |
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| Theory that 2 members of each pair of genes on homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis |
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| An experiment in which individuals with different alleles at 2 loci are crossed or self-fertilized |
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| Theory that alleles of one gene become distributed into gametes independently of alleles of all other genes during meiosis |
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| Condition in which one alleles is not fully dominant over another, so the heterozygous phenotype is somewhere between the two homozygous phenotypes |
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| Non identical alleles that are both fully expressed in heterozygotes/ neither is dominant nor recessive |
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| 3 or more alleles persist in a population |
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| Interacting products of 2 or more genes pairs influence a trait |
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| The effect of a single gene on multiple traits |
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| All genes of a chromosome/ tend to stay together during meiosis but may be separated by crossovers |
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| In a population a range of small differences in a trait/result in a polygenic inheritance |
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