Term
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Definition
- Mirena - Progestin to local area; No bleeding
- Paraguard - Coppe; Increases bleeding; Cramping
- Side effects - Nuliparis/Bleeding abnormality; hard to place
- No MRI
- Teaching - PAINS
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Term
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Definition
- P - Period late; abnormal spotting or bleed
- A - Abdominal pain; pain with intercourse
- I - Infection exposure; abnormal vaginal discharge
- N - Not feeling well; fever, chills
- S - String missing, shorter or longer; Dislodged device; Check wkly for first 4 wks, then monthly after they have their menstral cycle.
- Copper - Ibuprofen
- Still need annual PAP Smear
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Term
| Combination Oral Contraceptives |
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Definition
- Estrogen/Progestin
- Thickening of cervical mucus, which prevents sperm from etering the upper genital tract.
- Suppress production of LH and FSH, thus inhibiting maturation of the follicle and ovulation.
- Estrogen will dry up milk
- Est/Pro to prevent endometrial cancer
- No uterus = just estrogen
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Term
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Definition
- Surgery - Tubal Ligation
- Use acronym BRAIDED
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Term
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Definition
- B - Benefits; explain them
- R - Risks
- A - Alternatives (Other methods)
- I - Inquiries (Opportunity for questions)
- D - Decisions (Opportunity to decide)
- E - Explanations (Info on method and how to use) If something happens - What they need to do
- D - Documentation (Info given and pt understands)
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Term
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Definition
- Barrier method
- Latex; Can't use if Hx of toxic shock
- Empty bladder
- Leave in place 6hrs after intercourse
- Hold up to light and inspect for holes
- If lost weight, may need to resize
- UTI prone
- 24 hrs max then take out; Toxic shock
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Term
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Definition
- Oral Hormonal Contraceptive
- Progestin only;
- Less effective than combination
- Good for people who are contraindicated of using estrogen
- Cause thickening of the cervical mucus to prevent penetration for implantation.
- Used by women who cant use estrogen.
- More regular mensus
- Cant use if thromboembolic; heavy smoker
- May increase susceptibility to chlamydia.
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Term
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Definition
- Basal Body Temperature - Every morning before getting out of bed take temp; Record; Right before ovulation, temp drops about 1 degree. When ovulation, temp rises. When menstration starts, temp drops. If temp stays high, chance of pregnancy.
- Cervical Mucous Assessment - How well it is for sperm to migrate up the fillopean tubes.
- Can use Progestin Inj. to maintain lining and make able for implantation. Regular women, this would cause too much mucous and prevent implantation.
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Term
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Definition
- Prevention - Self-exam; Check same way every time in the shower; Look for changes in skin texture, retraction or indentation of nipple, discharge from nipple, or atypical fullness and/or puckering.
- Most cancers found in Upper Outer Quadrant
- Ultrasound/Mamogram
- Fine needle aspiration biopsy removes fluid; Core needle biopsy needle gets more tissue. Blood in fluid is a bad sign.
- Can do surgical biopsy.
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Term
| Benign Disorders of the Breasts |
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Definition
- Fibrocystic breast changes - 28th day; bilateral; do breast exam early so avoid these. Decrease Zantines (Chocolate, coffee, and tea) because makes hurt worse.
- Fibroadenoma - Painful; Bilateral; Young women in early 20s; Upper Outer Quadrant/Same as breast cancer.
- Ductal Ectasia - Dilation of the collecting ducts; Large axillary nodes; discharge; Do a biopsy to confirm.
- Intraductal Papilloma - Bloody discharge; Ultrasound; Mammogram.
- Pt will have anxiety. Comfort and crap like that.
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Term
| Malignant Tumors of the Breast |
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Definition
- Increases with age; Gene brooka 1 and 2; 65-85% ductal carinoma; majority estrogen dependant. The non-estrogen are very aggressive.
- Risk factors - Obesity, alcohol, age, gender.
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Term
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Definition
- Hormone for breast removal
- Estrogen Blocker which suppresses tumor growth
- Gives signs of menopause
- Hotflashes, vag dryness, and Nausea, vag discharge, or anorexia may occur.
- Lab values of calcium, cholesterol, and triglycerides may be elevated with tamoxifen.
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Term
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Definition
- May be used either to screen for cancer or to assist in the diagnosis of a palpable mass in the breast.
- Annually for women at age 40 and older (ACS)
- ACOG - every 1-2 yrs at ages 40 - 49 and yrly after age 50.
- Brief discomfort occurs when the breast is compressed between two plates while the image is obtained.
- Scheduling the mammography after a menstrual period, when the breasts are less tender, reduces discomfort.
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Term
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Definition
- Simple - entire breast removed
- Modified - Pectoralis minor removed, not major
- Radical - Major and minor removed.
- Radiation, Chemo, Hormonal (Tamoxifen); Estrogen blocker; Gives signs of menopause; Hotflashes, vag dryness, N/V.
- Breast reconstruction same time as masectomy; Flaps or temp saline implant.
- Often worried what husband will say
- Manage breast care and drains
- Lymphedema - Compression arm sleeves, elevate arm, no inj/BP in that arm.
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Term
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Definition
- Risk Factors - Early menopause, sedentary lifestyle, fair skin women, too much caffine/alcohol, long term corticosteroids.
- S/S - Loss of height and back pain
- Prevention - Weight bearing exercise in young age; Calc. and Vit. D to maintain and reduce speed of bone loss; Phosphimax/Boniva needs to be able to sit up because esophigitis.
- Considerations - Fall risk; wrist fractures/breaks
- Bone density test to verify; DEXA most effective.
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Term
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Definition
- Smaller than diaphragm
- Remain in place up to 6hrs after intercourse; No longer than 48 hrs or toxic shock.
- Not used during menstrus or Hx of toxic shock; toxic shock happens.
- Less chance of UTI than Diaphragm.
- No physiological effects
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Term
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Definition
- Lining of uterus outside uterus
- Lots of pain; infertility problems; painful intercourse; Diarrhea.
- Oral contraceptives (Lower bleeding/backflow of shedding decreased/decreased spasms); testosterone derivative.
- Acknowledge its real pain
- Teach to control; NSAIDS before menstral cycle starts
- Understand may be infertile.
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Term
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Definition
- Rule out other conditions
- Treat symptoms/Diet modification
- Theory - Fluctuation of hormones
- Keep diary of symptoms; Increase right before cycle then start to decrease when menstrating.
- Paxal - Anti depressant;On when on menstral cycle; off when not menstrating.
- Educate significant other on symptoms and why
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Term
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Definition
- Benign disorders
- Cervical polyps - small tumors; cervix; have a blood supply.
- Uterine Leiomyomas - Fibroid tumors; Heavy long menstraul cycles. Urinary frequency if pushed on bladder; Oral contraceptives to decrease bleeding.
- Ovarian Cysts - Fluid filled; Can rupture/twist; risk of losing ovary.
- If on inside of uterus, increases surface are; more lining to shed; increased bleeding and longer menstral cycle.
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Term
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Definition
- Diagnosis - CA125 most accurate in postmenopausal
- S/S - "Silent" until metastasis has occurred.
- Presents with vague abdominal symptoms in earlier stages.
- Management - Surgery (hysterectomy with fallopian tubes and ovaries) and adjuvant therapy (chemo)
- Oral contraceptives decrease risk by 50%
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Term
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Definition
- Risk factors - Late menopause, early mensus, family Hx, HIV/AIDs.
- S/S - postmenopausal bleeding
- Management - Hysterectomy, adjuvant therapy (chemo/radiation), progesterone (conservative; counteracts estrogen)
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Term
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Definition
- Yeast infection
- Not a STD
- White cheesy discharge; burning
- Tx with cream/suppository; myconizole (zoles)
- Oralfluconizole - if get it all the time
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Term
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Definition
- Purulent, malodorous discharge; yellow/green/brown; Frothy
- Tx - Flagyl; avoid alcohol; can have antip... reaction
- Protozoan; Loves alkaline enviroments
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Term
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Definition
- Thin grayish white discharge
- Fishy odor; thats the key
- Tx - metronidazole
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Term
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Definition
- Co-infection with gonorrhea common
- Strains:
- A,B,C cause trachoma, a chronic conjuctivitis that leads to blindness.
- D - K responsible for assoc symptoms (most common) White discharge.
- L1,L2,L3 assoc with lymphogranuloma; venereum or inguinale.
- Un-Tx can lead to tubal scarring, PID
- Tx - Azithromycin; safe in pregnancy, one dose. Doxycycline, levofloxacin, and erythromycin also work.
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Term
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Definition
- Onset symptoms 2-5 days; Penile drip; purulent white.
- Women asymptomatic most of time.
- Neonatal conjunctivitis
- Can spread to bloodstream, disseminated gonococcal infection.
- Depending; can lead to septic arthritis, heart valve disorders, and meningitis.
- 25% PCN resistant
- Tx - Rocephin (ceftriaxone) DOC x1 Inj.
- Tx - Cipro (ciproflaxin) 1 dose orally
- Dont void for 4 hrs for urine test
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- Not curable; type I and II; Use Acyclavir or Valtrex
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Term
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Definition
- Avg age - 51 1/2 yrs; span of 3-5yrs
- Depression
- Therapy - Hormone replacement therapy if inflicts with everyday life. Will still have same symptoms when taken off therapy as before.
- Clamactoric
- Can be surgically induced; ovaries removed.
- Estrogen dependent
- Soy has same chemical makeup as estrogen. Estrogen prevents severe osteoporosis, soy cant prevent this.
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Term
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Definition
- HRT - Estrogen/Progestin
- ERT - Prolonged use of unopposed ERT predisposes to overgrowth (hyperplasia) of endometrial tissue and is a significant risk factor for uterine cancer.
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Term
| OHSS (Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome) |
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Definition
- Side effect of Clomid
- Marked ovarian enlargement with exudation of fluid and protein into the womans peritoneal and pleural cavities.
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Term
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Definition
- Facilitates Pregnancy
- Used to increase LH and FSH; Develops corpus luteum and stimulates maturation of ovarian follicle and ovulation.
- Excreted in feces
- Stop when pregnant
- AE - Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome; multiple gestation; visual disturbances
- Side effects - PMS, nervous, tenderness, hotflashes, dizziness.
- 1st course - 25-50mg for 5 days
- Second - If ovulation, same as first; if not ovulating, 100mg for 5 days.
- Used on days 3-7 most common; can use on 5-9
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Term
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Definition
- A - Abdominal pain; mesenteric or pelvic vein thrombosis; Benign liver tumor, gall bladder disease.
- C - Chest pain, dyspnea, hemoptysis, couph; Pulmonary emboli or myocardial infarction.
- H - Severe headache, weakness or numbness of extremities, hypertension; Stroke, migraine
- E - Eye problems (complete or partial loss of vision), head ache; Retinal vein thrombosis, stroke, migraine
- S - Severe leg pain or swelling (calf or thigh), swelling, heat, redness; DVT.
- Oral Hormonal Contraceptives check.
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Term
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Definition
- Q 12 wks
- Wgt gain
- Black box warning - Bone density loss; not for adolecense or longer than 2 yrs. Need cal. and vit D with shot. Osteoporosis.
- Dont massage area because it will speed up absorption and decrease time in body.
- Back up contraceptives for first 5 days
- Can be given immediately after delivery
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