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less than 300ml of fluid in amniotic sac |
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greater than 2000ml of fluid in amniotic sac |
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mitotic cellular replication begins as the zygote travels the length of the uterine tube into the uterus |
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outer layer nourishing layer turns into the placenta |
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outer third of the uterine tube |
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Trophoblast Placenta, integument, neural tissue, and glands |
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epithelium lining of the respiratory tract, digestive tract, and parts of GU system |
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Bones, teeth, muscles, dermis and connective tissue, CV system, and UG system |
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bypasses the babies lungs O2 rich blood from the placenta flows rapidly through the umbilical vein into the fetal abdomen |
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most blood goes into the inferior vena cava where is mixes with deoxygenated blood from the fetal legs and abdomen on its way to the right atrium |
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opening in the left atrium oxygenated blood mixes with the small amount of blood returning deoxygenated from the fetal lungs through the pulmonary veins |
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number of total pregnancies |
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-number of sexual partners -STI -sexual abuse -methods of contraception -condom use |
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-use of recreational drugs -Smoking -domestic abuse -educational level -economic level -insurance -need for community referrals |
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non absorbable ribbon is placed around the cervix beneath the mucosa to constrict the internal os of the cervix this is done to inhibit premature uterine contractions |
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-16-20 weeks -mothers first perception of fetal movements |
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cervix dilates contractions increase leaking amniotic fluid bloody show |
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cervix unchanged irregular and decreased contractions vaginal discharge or changes |
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number of infants delivered after 20 weeks gestation |
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when fetus dies prior to 20 weeks and then she has to give birth |
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softening of lower uterine segment |
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medical sign which indicates increased fluid in the suprapatellar pouch over the patella at the knee joint |
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blueish discoloration of cervix, vagina, and vulva |
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what does increased estrogen cause |
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mucosa and smooth muscles to thickens and joints to relax |
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susceptibility to yeast thick whitish yellow vaginal discharge |
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Abx that can be given during pregnancy |
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dark line from umbilicus to symphysis pubis |
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increases uterine muscles mass increases blood flow to the uterus prepares breasts for lactation |
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relaxes venous walls inhibit uterine contractions |
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human chorionic gonadotrophin stimulates estrogen and progesterone |
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discourages uterine contractions remodeling of collagen |
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maturation of breast ducts/alveoli stimulates lactation |
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insulin antagonist allow adequate glucose for fetal demand |
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-consumption of nonfood substances -ex. corn starch, red dirt, flour, soap, ice, etc |
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having conflict feelings simultaneously, which is normal for new role |
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reflected in woman's emotional responses |
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focusing on self and infant |
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behaving in specific ways and respecting taboos associated with pregnancy and giving birth |
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destroys fetal RBC before antibodies |
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What can an ultrasound determine |
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1. confirm and date pregnancy 2. verify location/position 3. cardiac activity 4. fetal anomalies 5. measure amniotic fluid index 6. cervical length 7. full bladder |
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biparietal and crown rump length fetal growth and IUFR |
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biophysical profile combined ultrasound and EFM fetal breathing movements, body movements, and tone reactive HR measures amniotic fluid external monitoring normal 8-10 abnormal <6 |
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blood flow to the placenta poor perfusion if S/D remains > 3 post 30 weeks |
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matures babies lungs every 12 hrs up to 3 doses accelerates fina; surfactant into fetal lungs |
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-aspiration of fluid from sac after the 14th week -measure AFP, billirubin, lung maturity, chromosomal abnormalities |
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lectitchin/sphingomyeline |
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-electronic fetal monitoring -monitors fetal response to movement -records VS, FHR -norm: 2 accelerations within 20 min at least 15 bpm and last for 15 seconds |
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-side lying posistion -records vital signs, FHT -shows early signs of fetal distress -stimulates uterine contractions until 3 ctx occur within 10 min lasting 40 sec each without the presence of decelerations -negative = normal |
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-done at 10-12 weeks -chromosomal analysis for downs and sickle cell |
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fetal stimulation which leads to fetal movement and kicking -< 3 in an hour report |
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