Term
Ampicillin (Unasyn)
Pharm class: Anti-infective
Normal Dose Range 1.5g-3g;
Route: IV/IM
Indication: Gynecological infections |
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Definition
| Adverse Reactions: diarrhea; pruritis; elevated liver enzymes;blood sycrasiasis; anaphylaxis. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to penicillin.Infectious mono; nursing mothers. Nsg considerations: Assess vs,urine, stools, wound, obtain specimen for culture. Observe for allergic reactions; Teach to notify physician if symptoms doesn't improve. |
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Term
Magnesium Sulfate
Pharm Class: Mineral
Normal Dose Range:4-5g
Route: IV,IM
Indications: To prevent seizures in preterm labor for women with eclampsia or preeclampsia. |
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Definition
| Contraindications: increased Mg+ level, anuria, heart block, active labor within 2 hours of delivery, low Ca+ levels. Adverse Reactions: diarrhea, drowsiness, hypotension, sweating, hypothermia, bradycardia, decreased resp rate. Nsg considerations: Monitor neurologic status, check patellar reflex, check vs, EKG, monitor newborn for hypotension, and monitor I&O's. |
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Term
Oxytocin(Pitocin)
Pharm class: Oxytocic
Normal Dosage range: 0.5mu-2mu/min. Max given 20mu/min.
Route: IV,IM
Indications: Induction of labor at term, facilitate of uterine contractions, postpartum control of bleeding after expulsion of the placenta. |
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Definition
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, anticipated non-vaginal delivery.
Adverse reactions: coma, fetal hypoxia, water intoxication, fetal intracranial hemorrhage, maternal hypotension. Nsg Considerations: Advise mother to expect contractions after administration.Assess character, frequency, and duration of contractions, resting uterine tone, monitor maternal BP, and monitor for adverse reactions. |
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Term
Bethamethasone (Celestone)
Pharm class: corticosteroid
Normal dose Range: 12mg BID 24 hours apart
Route: IM
Indication: speeds up a preterm fetus's
lung development. |
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Definition
| Contraindications: Allergy to corticosteroids,idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura. Adverse reactions: anaphylaxis, angioedema, hyperglycemia, HTN, fluid retention. Nsg Considerations: Monitor vs, blood glucose, explain to the mother why the medication is given, and monitor lab values. |
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Term
Methergine (methylergonovine maleate)
Pharm class: ergot alkaloid
Normal Dose range: 0.2mg
Route: IM
Indication: used for prevention and control of postpartum hemorrhage |
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Definition
Contraindication: Allergy to ergonovine, mothers that have active preelampsia, eclampsia, HTN, kidney, heart, liver,and blood disease, smoker, and high cholesterol.
Adverse reactions: CVA, ventricular defib, atrioventricular block, chest pain, paresthesia. Nsg considerations: Assess vs, do not give IV, mothers should not be breastfeeding during treatment, advise mother that she could resume breastfeeding 12 hours after medication is administered. |
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Term
Cytotec (Misopristol)
Pham class: prostaglandin
Normal dose range:Pregnancy Termination- 400mcg, Induction of Labor-25mcg every 3-6 hours, postpartum hemorrhage-600mcg 1 min post-delivery and 800mcg to treat postpartum hemorrhage, treatment of incomplete abortion 600mcg.
Route: PO and intravaginally
Indication: Labor induction to cause uterine contrations and effacement of the cervix, and medical abortions,and used to prevent and treat postpartum hemorrhage. |
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Definition
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to Misopristol and prostaglandins, pregnancy when used to reduce risk of NSAID-induced ulcers.
Adverse reactions: GI hemorrhage, chest pain, N/V/D, anaphylaxis, anemia, cardiac dysrhythmias, MI, hearing loss, and abdominal pain.
Nsg considerations: Avoid pregnancy 1 month or 1 menustration post administration of this medication, teach patient about the side effects of the medication and what it is used for, teach patient to take medication as directed for self-induced abortions. Nurse to monitor for allergic reactions |
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Term
Hemobate(prostin)
Pharm class: Oxytocic
Nursing Dose Range: 250mcg
Route: IM
Indications: To treat severe bleeding after childbirth, and to produce an abortion by causing uterine contractions. |
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Definition
Contraindications: Acute PID, hypersensitivity to Hemabate, mothers with active cardiac, pulmonary, renal, or hepatic disease.
Adverse reactions: N/V/D,pain, breast tenderness, HA, transient pyrexia.
Nsg considerations: Monitor vs, monitor and medicate patient if N/V occurs, monitor for allergic reactions, check fundus, and cervix. Teach patient that this medication will cause abdominal cramping. |
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Term
Vitamin K(phyntonadione)
Pharm class: vitamin
Normal dose range: Prophylaxis 0.5mg-1mg within 1 hour after birth.
Route: IM
Indications: to prevent hemorrhage disease of the newborn. |
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Definition
Contraindications: severe liver disease, hypersensitivity to aquaMEPHYTON.
Adverse reactions: pain, tenderness, edema at injection site. Allergic reaction,and uriticaria.
Nsg considerations: observe newborn for generalized ecchymosis or bleeding from the umbilical cord, circumcision site, and GI track, observe for jaundice and kernicterus, protect medication from light, give before circumcision procedure, and observe for local inflammation. |
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Term
E-Mycin (Erythromycin)
Pharm class: anti-infective.
Normal dose range: 0.5% topical
Route: inner canthus of the eyes
Indications: Given to newborns to prevent ophthalmic neonatal blindness(neonatorium). |
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Definition
Contraindications: hypersensitivity to erythromycin.
Adverse reactions: edema and inflammation and inability to focus that stays more than 48 hours.
Nsg considerations: Instill 1/4 along lower conjuntival surface of each eye starting at the inner canthus, wash hands, observe for local inflammation, may wipe excess away in 1 min. Teach mother that topical is effective against gonorrhea and chlamydial infections. |
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Term
Labetalol (Normodyne, Trandate)
Pharm class: beta blocker
Normal dose range: PO (Adults)= 100mg twice daily initially, may be increased by 100 mg twice daily q 2-3 days as needed (usual range 400-800mg/day in 2-3 divided doses; doses up to 1.2-2.4 g/day have been used).
IV (Adults)- 20mg (0.25mg/kg)initially, additional doses of 40-80 mg may be given q 10 min as needed (not to exceed 300mg total dose) or 2 mg/min infusion (range 50-300 mg total dose required).
Route: IV or PO
Indications: Management of HTN |
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Definition
Adverse effects: fatigue, weakness, anxiety, depression, dizziness, drowsiness, insomnia, blurred vision, dry eyes, bronchospasm, wheezing, arrhythmias, bradycardia, CHF, pulmonary edema, orthostatic hypotension, constipation, diarrhea, erectile dysfunction, itching, hyperglycemia, muscle cramps.
Nursing Implications: Monitor blood pressure and pulse frequently during dose adjustment and periodically during therapy. Assess for orthostatic hypotension when assisting patient up from supine position. Monitor intake and output ratios and daily weight. Assess patient routinely for evidence of fluid overload (peripheral edema, dyspnea, rales/crackles, fatigue, weight gain, jugular vein distention). PO: take apical pulse before administering. If <60bpm or if arrhythmia occurs, withhold medication and notify physician. Administer with meals or directly after eating to enhance absorption. |
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Term
Calcium Gluconate
Pharm class: Electrolyte
Normal dose range: For Hyperkalemia: 500-1000mg slow IV/IO push to maximum of 3grams.
For beta-blocker and calcium channel blocker OD: 3-6grams IV/IO followed by continuous hourly infusion of the same dose.
For hypermagnesium: 1.5-3 g IV infused over 2-5 minutes.
Route: IV
Indications: Hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, hypermagnesemia, beta blocker and calcium channel blocker overdose. |
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Definition
Contraindications: V-fib, digitalis toxicity, hypercalcemia.
Adverse reactions: Syncope, cardiac arrest, dysrhythmia, bradycardia, hypotension, asystole, peripheral vasodilation, nausea, vomiting, metallic taste, tissue necrosis at injection site, coronary and cerebral artery spasm.
Nursing considerations: Assess for cutaneous burning sensations and peripheral vasodilation, with moderate fall in BP, during direct IV injection.
Monitor ECG during IV administration to detect evidence of hypercalcemia: decreased QT interval associated with inverted T wave. Observe IV site closely. Extravasation may result in tissue irritation and necrosis. Monitor for hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia |
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Term
Terbutaline (Brethine)
Pharm class: bronchodilator
Normal dose range: 0.25cc
Route: SubQ
Indications: reduce/delay premature contractions |
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Definition
Adverse reactions: palpitations, tachycardia, anxiety, nausea
Nursing considerations: Monitor: HR, Vitals, BP and pulse before admin |
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