Term
| Nagele's or McDonald's Rule (based on 28 day cycle) |
|
Definition
| EDC = 1st day of last menstrual period - 3 months + 7 days |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| G_ P _term infants _premature deliveries (20-36 weeks) _abortions (before 20 weeks) _living children |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 6-8 weeks after last menstrual period |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fetal heart tones heard @ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fetal movements primigravida @ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fetal movements multigravida @ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CBC, blood type and Rh, rubella titer, hep B serum antigen, cultures for chlamydia and gonorrhea, HIV, cystic fibrosis, sickle cell, urinalysis, coombs' test (irregular antibody screen), serologic test for syphillis, PAP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nuchal translucency screen (US), B-hcg, pregnancy associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), chorionic villus sampling |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Quadruple screen (alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin, unconjugated estriol inhibin), amniocentesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin, unconjugated estriol inhibin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Repeat Rh antibody titers followed by Rh immunoglobulin, screen for gestational diabetes, hemoglobin and hematocrit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vaginal/rectal culture for group B strep, hemoglobin and hematocrit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 10 point system: nonstress test (NST), amniotic fluid level, gross fetal movements, fetal heart tone, and fetal breathing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 15-18 weeks, up to 22 weeks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| levels of: alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and unconjugated estriol |
|
|
Term
| Triple screen is used to detect |
|
Definition
| open neural tube defects (spina bifida and anecephaly) and trisomy 18 and 21 |
|
|
Term
| Triple Screen: Abnormally high level |
|
Definition
| increased risk of neural tube deficit |
|
|
Term
| Triple Screen: Abnormally low level |
|
Definition
| increased risk of Down's syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Nuchal translucency screening (nuchal fold scan) @ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nuchal translucency screening (nuchal fold scan) detects |
|
Definition
| Trisomies 13, 18, and 21, as well as Turner's syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Indications for Nuchal Translucency Sreening, Chorionic Villus Sampling, or Amniocentesis |
|
Definition
| Maternal age of 35 or older, Previous child with chromosomal abnormality, Patient or father with chromosomal abnormality, Family history of chromosomal abnormality |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Neural tube defect risk or abnormal triple screen |
|
|
Term
| Chorionic villus sampling @ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chorionic villus sampling is a biopsy of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cannot be used in alpha-fetoprotein testing for neural tube defects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increased risk of spontaneous abortion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lower risk of spontaneous abortion with amniocentesis during |
|
Definition
| 2nd trimester, versus 1st |
|
|
Term
| Normal (reactive) NST requires |
|
Definition
| 2 accelerations of fetal heart rate in 20 minutes of up to 15 bpm from the baseline heart rate for a duration of 15 seconds AND the absence of decelerations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A decline in fetal heart rate of 15 bpm or lasting more than 15 seconds or a slow return to baseline |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| begin AFTER the peak of contraction are nonreassuring and warrent intervention |
|
|
Term
| 95% of ectopic pregnancies occur in the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 55% of tubal pregnancies occur in the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The MCC of ectopic pregnancy is |
|
Definition
| occlusion of the tube secondary to adhesions |
|
|
Term
| Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy |
|
Definition
| history of previous ectopic, previous salpingitis (caused by PID), previous abdominal or tubal surgery, IUD, assisted reproduction, exposure to diethylstilberol (DES), and progestin-only contraception |
|
|
Term
| Signs and symptoms of ruptured ectopic pregnancy |
|
Definition
| severe abdominal or shoulder pain, associated with peritonitis, tachycardia, syncope, and orthostatic hypotension |
|
|
Term
| Physical diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Clinical diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy |
|
Definition
| B-hCH greater than 1,500 without intrauterine getstation on transvaginal US |
|
|
Term
| Medical treatment of ectopic |
|
Definition
| methotrexate (a folic acid analog) |
|
|
Term
| Criteria for methotrexate to treat ectopic |
|
Definition
| serum hCG less than 5,000, ectopic mass less than 3.5 cm on US, hemodynamically stable patient, patient complient for follow-up |
|
|
Term
| Surgical treatment of ectopic |
|
Definition
| Laparoscopy, laparotomy in patient with abdominal adhesions or clinically unstable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| termination before 20 weeks gestation |
|
|
Term
| % of spontaneous abortion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 80% of spontaneous abortions occur in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 50% of spontaneous abortions are associated with |
|
Definition
| chromosomal abnormalities |
|
|
Term
| Maternal factors that increase risk for spontaneous abortion |
|
Definition
| smoking, infection, maternal systemic disease, immunologic factors, drug use, environmental factors (i.e. lead, formaldehyde) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vaginal Bleeding: yes Cervix Open: no Products Passed: no |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vaginal Bleeding: yes Cervix Open: yes Products Passed: not yet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vaginal Bleeding: yes Cervix Open: yes Products Passed: partial |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vaginal Bleeding: yes Cervix Open: yes Products Passed: yes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vaginal Bleeding: no Cervix Open: no Products Passed: no (fetal demise has occurred without symptoms) |
|
|
Term
| The benign form of gestational trophoblastic disease is |
|
Definition
| Hydatidiform moles (molar pregnancy) |
|
|
Term
| The MC form of gestational trophoblastic disease is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Complete hydatidiform moles are characterized by |
|
Definition
| An empty egg and the appearance of "grape-like vesicles" or a "snowstorm pattern" on US |
|
|
Term
| Partial hydatiform moles have |
|
Definition
| A fetus present, but it is nonviable |
|
|
Term
| Complete or partial molar pregnancy present with |
|
Definition
| Abnormal vaginal bleeding, uterine size greater than date, hyperemesis gravidarum, or preeclampsia-like symptoms before 20 weeks |
|
|
Term
| hCH level in complete molar pregnancy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| GTD benign tumor and low-risk metastatic tumor treatment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| GTD metastatic or high-risk tumor treatment |
|
Definition
| Chemotherapy with or without radiation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Suctiona and curettage (to preserve fertility) and hysterectomy. |
|
|
Term
| GTD surgical treatment cure rate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| After GTD remission contraception is recommended for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Incidence of multiple birth in the USA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dizygotic (fraternal) twins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Incidence of dizygotic twins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dizygotic twins incidence increases with |
|
Definition
| family history of twins, fertility drugs, above-average weight/height mothers, and African American women |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Monozygotic twins are associated with |
|
Definition
| fetal transfusion syndrome and discordant fetal growth |
|
|
Term
| The most common complications of multiple gestation are |
|
Definition
| spontaneous abortion and preterm birth |
|
|
Term
| Other common complications with multiple gestation are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fetal complications of multiple gestation are |
|
Definition
| intrauterine growth restriction, cord accidents, death of one twin, congenital abnormalities, abnormal or breech presentation, and plecental abruption or previa |
|
|
Term
| The lifetime risk of developing diabetes after pregnancy in women who have had gestational diabetes is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If insulin is required during pregnancy the chance of developing diabetes is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Recurrence of gestational diabetes in subsequent pregnancies is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Maternal complications associated with gestational diabetes include |
|
Definition
| preeclampsia, hyperacceleration of diabetic complications, traumatic birth including shoulder dystocia |
|
|
Term
| Fetal complications associated with gestational diabetes include |
|
Definition
| macrosomia, prematuritry, fetal demise, and delayed fetal lung maturity |
|
|
Term
| Patients with gestational diabetes are usually |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Risk factors for the development of gestational diabetes include |
|
Definition
| a history of a previous large-birth-weight infant, obesity, age older than 25, glucosuria, family history of diabetes |
|
|
Term
| These ethnic groups have a higher risk of developing gestational diabetes |
|
Definition
| African American, Asian, Hispanic, or Indian |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| serum measured at 1 hour, if it is >130-140, a 3-hour test is performed |
|
|
Term
| 3-hour glucose tolerance test |
|
Definition
| Fasting 100-g glucose load |
|
|
Term
| 3-hour glucose tolerance test values |
|
Definition
| Fasting: >95 1hr: >180 2hr: >155 3hr: >140 |
|
|
Term
| Women who have had gestational diabetes should be screen postpartum @ |
|
Definition
| 6 weeks, and yearly thereafter |
|
|
Term
| Gestational diabetes patient require insulin if |
|
Definition
| fasting BS >105 or 2-hour postprandial BS >120 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Preterm delivery incidence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The MCC of neonatal death NOT resulting from congenital malformations is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Low-birth-weight infants born prematurely often have |
|
Definition
| significant visual or hearing impairment, developmental delays, cerebral palsy, and lung disease |
|
|
Term
| Preterm labor risks include |
|
Definition
| Smoking, cocaine, uterine malformations, cervical incompetence, infection (group B strep or UTI), and low prepregnancy weight |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| regular uterine contractions between 20-36 @ weeks that are 5-8 minutes (or less) apart with the presence of 1 or more of the following signs: (1) Cervical dilation of 2cm or greater at presentation (2) Cervical dilation of 1cm or greater on serial examinations (3) Cervical effacement of greater than 80% |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fetal fibronectin, a glycoprotein, in cericovaginal secretions |
|
|
Term
| Steroids given to the mother in preterm labor |
|
Definition
| enhance fetal lung maturity |
|
|
Term
| Tocolytics: Magnesium Sulfate |
|
Definition
| inhibits myometrial contractility mediated by calcium |
|
|
Term
| Signs and symptoms of Mag Sulf toxicity |
|
Definition
| decreased reflexes, respiratory depression, and cardiac collapse |
|
|
Term
| Mag Sulf toxicity treatment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Beta-Mimetic adrenergic agents: Ridodrine and Terbutaline pharmacology |
|
Definition
| Stimulate Beta-receptors to relax smooth muscle to decrease uterine contractions |
|
|
Term
| Beta-Mimetic adrenergic agents: Ridodrine and Terbutaline side effects |
|
Definition
| Maternal and fetal tachycardia, emesis, headaches, and pulmonary edema |
|
|
Term
| Calcium Channel Blockers pharmacology |
|
Definition
| inhibits smooth muscle contractility by decreasing intracellular calcium ions, which therefore relax uterine muscle |
|
|
Term
| Calcium Channel Blockers side effects |
|
Definition
| maternal hypotension and tachycardia |
|
|
Term
| Cervical cerclage (closure of the cervix by mechanical means) is an option for |
|
Definition
| women with known cervical incompetence or a history of preterm birth |
|
|
Term
| Premature rupture of the amniotic membranes is before |
|
Definition
| the onset of labor at or beyond 37 weeks |
|
|
Term
| How soon do most women go into labor after PROM? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Preterm premature rupture of the membranes occurs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The major risk of PROM and PPROM is |
|
Definition
| infection - chorioamnionitis and endometritis |
|
|
Term
| If the head is not well engaged with ruptured membranes, what can occur? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Symptoms of ruptured membranes are |
|
Definition
| a gush/persistant leak of fluid or pressure |
|
|
Term
| Ruptured membranes can be confirmed by |
|
Definition
| direct visualization, NITRAZINE PAPER, FERN TEST, US to check amniotic fluid index |
|
|
Term
| In PROM, digital exam should be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PROM after 37 weeks treatment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Active management of PROM involves |
|
Definition
| induction with prostaglandin cervical gel or misoprostol and/or oxytocin to expediate delivery and decrease infection |
|
|
Term
| PPROM 20-36 weeks treatment - no maternal/fetal distress |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PPROM under 34 weeks treatment |
|
Definition
| Steroids (betamethasone) - enhance fetal lung maturity; Antibiotics |
|
|
Term
| What can be done to check for lung maturity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) |
|
Definition
| after 20 weeks, no associated symptoms |
|
|
Term
| Pathophysiology of pregnancy induced hypertension |
|
Definition
| vasospasm or arteriolar constriction |
|
|
Term
| Medication for severe hypertension |
|
Definition
| METHYLDOPA; alternative - labetalol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hypertension, edema, proteinuria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 140/90, or increase of 30mm Hg systolic and 15 mm Hg diastolic from prepregnancy |
|
|
Term
| Mild Preeclampsia proteinuria |
|
Definition
| 300 mg / 24 h or trace to 1+ on dipstick |
|
|
Term
| Mild Preeclampsia symptoms/signs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Severe preeclampsia proteinuria |
|
Definition
| >2g / 24h or 2+ or more on dipstick |
|
|
Term
| Severe preeclampsia symptoms/signs |
|
Definition
| elevated creatinine, liver enzyme elevation, headaches, visual disturbances, RUQ pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, Low Platelets |
|
|
Term
| Eclampsia is preeclampsia with the addition of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MC risk factor for preeclampsia is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Other risk factors for preeclampsia |
|
Definition
| extremes of age (<20 or >35), multiple gestation, diabetes, chronic hypertension |
|
|
Term
| Maternal complications of preeclampsia |
|
Definition
| progression to eclampsia or HELLP syndrome, abruptio placentae, renal failure, cerebral hemorrhage, pulmonary edema, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) |
|
|
Term
| Fetal complications of preeclampsia |
|
Definition
| hypoxia, low birth weight, preterm delivery, and perinatal death |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| edema of face and hands, weight gain, headache, visual disturbance, N/V, RUQ pain, decreased urine output |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hypertension, proteinuria, hyperreflexia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| urine protein, 24h urine protein level, CBC, fibrinogen, PT/PTT |
|
|
Term
| Preeclampsia chemistry studies |
|
Definition
| liver function, creatinine, uric acid |
|
|
Term
| Ultimate treatment for hypertensive disorders in pregnancy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| First-line management to decrease seizuers |
|
Definition
| Mag Sulf (should be continued 24 h after delivery) |
|
|
Term
| To enhance fetal lung maturity |
|
Definition
| Betamethazone is given before 34 weeks |
|
|
Term
| Rho-Gam is administered at |
|
Definition
| 28-29 weeks to all Rh- mothers |
|
|
Term
| After delivery if the baby is Rh+ |
|
Definition
| The mother receives another Rho-Gam to protect subsequent pregnancies |
|
|
Term
| Rh antibody complications to fetus |
|
Definition
| Severe anemia and death (fetal hydrops) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Rh factor and Coombs' test for antibodies |
|
|
Term
| What is the proportion of antibody titers that will probably NOT affect pregnancy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rh sensitized pregnancy labs |
|
Definition
| Coombs' test, amniocentesis, US |
|
|
Term
| Rh+ infant treatment for mother |
|
Definition
| Rho-Gam 300mg at 28 weeks and within 72 hours of delivery, and at amniocentesis or potential uterine bleeding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| premature seperation of a normally implanted placenta after 20th week, but before birth |
|
|
Term
| The most common cause of 3rd trimester bleeding |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Abruptio placente risk factors |
|
Definition
| trauma, smoking, HTN, decreased folic acid, cocaine, alcohol, uterine anomalies, high parity, previos abruption, advanced maternal age |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when blood escapes the uterus; more common / less severe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when blood is retained between the detached uterus and detached placenta; less common / more severe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| liberation of tissue thromboplastin or consumption of fibroplastin, activating the extrensic clotting mechanism leading to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) |
|
|
Term
| MC sign of abruptio placente |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When the placenta abrupts, the uterus becomes |
|
Definition
| hypertonic, irritable, tender, enlarged |
|
|
Term
| Complications of abruptio placente |
|
Definition
| compromise of placental blood flow to the fetus, hemorrhage, renal failure, coagulation failure, and death |
|
|
Term
| Diagnosis of abruptio placente |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| US in abruptio placente is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Definitive treatment of abruptio placente |
|
Definition
| delivery by cesarean section |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the placenta partially or completely covers the cervical os |
|
|
Term
| Digital exam in placenta previa is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Placenta previa is associated with |
|
Definition
| advanced age, smoking, high parity, scarring of the lower uterine segment (cesarean delivery) |
|
|
Term
| Hallmark of placenta previa |
|
Definition
| PAINLESS vaginal bleeding |
|
|
Term
| Test of choice for diagnosing placenta previa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Preferred method of delivery in placenta previa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Location of the presenting part in relation to the MATERNAL ISCHIAL SPINES |
|
|
Term
| Station - at the ischial spines |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| begins at onset of true contractions and ends with full dilatation |
|
|
Term
| Length of fist stage of labor nulliparous |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Length of fist stage of labor multiparous |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| begins at full dilatation and ends with delivery |
|
|
Term
| Length of second stage of labor nulliparous |
|
Definition
| 30 min - 3 h (50 min avg) |
|
|
Term
| Length of second stage of labor multiparous |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| begins after delivery and entails expulsion of the placenta |
|
|
Term
| Length of third stage of labor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hour after delivery assessing and treating tears, lacs, and hemorrhage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the passage of a small amount of blood-tinged mucus the has been plugging the cervical os, often precedes true labor |
|
|
Term
| Amniotic fluid rupture occurs |
|
Definition
| before or during the first stage of labor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| electrode attached to the infant's head that gives the most accurate fetal heart rate pattern because IT TRANSMITS THE R WAVE |
|
|
Term
| To attach a internal fetal monitor |
|
Definition
| the cervix must be dilated at least 2cm and the membranes must be ruptured |
|
|
Term
| What heart rate denotes fetal well-being |
|
Definition
| accelerations of an increase of 15bpm for 15s above the normal baseline heart rate (120-160) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mirror the image of contractions and denote FETAL HEAD COMPRESSION; common approaching second stage of labor; benign |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rapid drops in fetal heart tone with a return to baseline with variable shape and no pattern; often occur with CORD COMPRESSION; if mild or infrequent they are benign |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fetal heart rate drops during the second half of contractions; they denote UTEROPLACENTAL INSUFFICIENCY and are worrisome |
|
|
Term
| Nonreassuring fetal hart rate treatment |
|
Definition
| stop oxytocin, change maternal position, administer oxygen, measure fetal scalp pH |
|
|
Term
| Signs of placental seperation after delivery |
|
Definition
| cord lengthening, fresh show of blood, fundus rising, and the uterus becoming firm and globular |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| To reduce blood loss by stimulating contractions during the third stage of labor |
|
Definition
| oxytocin, ergonovine maleate, methylergonovine maleate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Activity (muscle tone), Pulse, Grimace (reflex irritability), Appearance (skin color), Respiration |
|
|
Term
| APGAR Activity (muscle tone) |
|
Definition
| 0 = absent, 1 = Arms/Legs flexed, 2 = Active movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 0 = Absent, 1 = <100 bpm, 2 = >100 bpm |
|
|
Term
| APGAR Grimace (reflex response) |
|
Definition
| 0 = no response, 1 = Grimace, 2 = Sneeze, cough, pulls away |
|
|
Term
| APGAR Appearance (skin color) |
|
Definition
| 0 = blue-gray/pale all over, 1 = pink/except extremities, 2 = Pinnk all over |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 0 = absent, 1 = slow/irregular, 2 = Good/crying |
|
|
Term
| To enhance labor contractions |
|
Definition
| oxytocin (Pitocin) can be given IV |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inability to deliver vaginally after full cervical dilatation |
|
|
Term
| Forceps and vacuum extractors are only indicated if |
|
Definition
| the head is engaged and the cervix is fully dilated |
|
|
Term
| The leading indication for cesarean section is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The lowest rate of VBAC success is |
|
Definition
| when dystocia was the indicator for previous cesarean section |
|
|
Term
| Higher VBAC success is seen in |
|
Definition
| women who had a previous c-section for malpresentation (breech) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Induction of labor indications |
|
Definition
| Prolonged pregnancy, DM, RH isoimmunization, Preeclampsia, PROM, Chronic HTN, Placental insufficiency, Suspected intrauterine growth retardation |
|
|
Term
| Induction of labor relative contraindications |
|
Definition
| Breech presentation, Oligohydraminios, Multiple gestation, Prematurity, Grand multiparity, Previous cesarean section with transverse scar, Fetal macrosomia |
|
|
Term
| Induction of labor absolute contraindications |
|
Definition
| Cephalopelvic disproportion, Placenta previa, Uterine scar from classic c-section, Transverse lie, Myomectomy (removal of uterine fibroids) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| minimal dilation/effacement; prostaglandin gel on cervix; may be repeated in 12 h |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dilated >1cm and some effacement; oxytocin (Pitocin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| artificially rupturing the membranes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood loss requiring transfusion or a 10% decrease in hematocrit between admission and the postpartum period |
|
|
Term
| Early Postpartum hemorrhage occurs |
|
Definition
| less than 24 h after delivery |
|
|
Term
| Early Postpartum hemorrhage is associated with |
|
Definition
| abnormal involution of the placental site, cervical or vaginal lacerations, and retained protions of placenta |
|
|
Term
| Late Postpartum hemorrhage occurs |
|
Definition
| more than 24 h after delivery up to 6 weeks postpartum |
|
|
Term
| Late Postpartum hemorrhage is MC associated with |
|
Definition
| subinvolution of the uterus, retained products of conception, or endometritis |
|
|
Term
| A subinvoluted uterus will feel |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Subinvoluted uterus signs/symptoms |
|
Definition
| increased bleeding, pain, fever, foul-smelling lochia |
|
|
Term
| Early postpartum hemorrhage treatment |
|
Definition
| oxytocin, ergonovine, methylergonovine, prostaglandins |
|
|
Term
| Endometritis most commonly occurs |
|
Definition
| after c-section or when membranes are ruptured more than 24 h before delivery |
|
|
Term
| Endometritis findings most commonly present |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fever, uterine tenderness, parametrid and adenexal tenderness, peritoneal irritation, decreased bowel sounds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| First-line Endometritis treatment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Endometritis treatment if no response in 24-48 h |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Endometritis treatment if septic add |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| To reduce the incidence of endometritis give |
|
Definition
| a single does of antibiotic at cord clamping |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The 6-week period after delivery, or postpartum period |
|
|
Term
| Uterus is back to atenatal size at |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lochia or bleeding after delivery is |
|
Definition
| sloughing decidual tissue |
|
|
Term
| Lochia or bleeding after delivery can last |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In a non-nursing mother menses resumes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nursing mothers are anovulatory and remain amenorrheic for |
|
Definition
| the duration of lactation |
|
|
Term
| First postpartum visit at |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lactating mothers may have what vaginal symptom |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Atrophic vaginitis treatment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Herpes type genital lesions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| HSV 2 remains latent within the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Infants exposed to herpes in utero or during delivery have |
|
Definition
| a high rate of visceral and CNS infection |
|
|
Term
| Recommended delivery for mothers with HSV |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| multinucleated giant cells |
|
|
Term
| Can HIV be transmitted through breast milk? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Human herpes virus type 5 |
|
|
Term
| Signs/Symptoms of cytomegalovirus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cytomegalovirus occurs most in |
|
Definition
| immunocompromised, especially HIV or posttransplant |
|
|
Term
| Cytomegalovirus clinical findings |
|
Definition
| jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, periventricular CNS calcification, mental retardation, motor disability, and purpura |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Treponema pallidum spirochete |
|
|
Term
| Primary syphilis physical findings |
|
Definition
| painless chancre witha a clean base and firm, indurated margins at the site of inoculation (genitals) |
|
|
Term
| Primary syphilis symptoms |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Secondary syphilis physical findings |
|
Definition
| lesions of skin, mucous membranes, eye, bone, kidneys, CNS, liver |
|
|
Term
| Congenital syphilis leads to |
|
Definition
| abnormalities of skin/mucous membranes, nasal discharge, hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, osteochondritis |
|
|
Term
| If Congenital syphilis infants are not treated they may develop |
|
Definition
| interstital keratitis, Hutchinson's teeth, saddle nose, deafness, and CNS abnormalities |
|
|
Term
| Syphilis Lab (nontreponemal) |
|
Definition
| VDRL and RPR + after 4-6 weeks |
|
|
Term
| Syphilis lab (treponemal) |
|
Definition
| fluorescent treponemal antibody absorbtion (FTA-ABS) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Benzathine penicillin G 2.4 mil U IM |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gram-negative intracellular diplococcus |
|
|
Term
| Gonorrhea incubation time |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| IM ceftriaxone (Rocephin) or oral cefixime |
|
|
Term
| The leading cause of infirtility |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| complement fixation test or immunofluorescence, ELISA, or DNA probe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Azithromycin, doxycycline, and erythromycin |
|
|
Term
| Chlamydia treatment in pregnant women |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vagina, Skene's gland, lower urinary tract |
|
|
Term
| Trichomonas signs/symptoms |
|
Definition
| puritis, malodorous, frothy, yellow-green discharge; diffuse vaginal erythema and red macular lesions on cervix (strawberry cervix) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CIS (Carcinoma in situ) = |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MCC HPV that lead to cancer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Atypical Vascular Pattern is typical of |
|
Definition
| invasive cervical carcinoma |
|
|
Term
| Urinary tract is derived from |
|
Definition
| mesoderm found on each side of the primitive aorta |
|
|
