Term
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Definition
The transport of dissolved substances into
cells |
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Term
|
Definition
| The breakdown of absorbed substances |
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Term
|
Definition
The breakdown of food molecules with a
release of energy |
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Term
|
Definition
| The removal of soluble waste materials |
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Term
|
Definition
| The removal of non-soluble waste materials |
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Term
|
Definition
| The release of biosynthesized substances |
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Term
|
Definition
- Maintaining the
status quo in a cell |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| A rigid structure on the outside of certain |
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Term
|
Definition
The thin film between the
cell walls of adjacent plant cells |
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Term
|
Definition
The semipermeable membrane between the cell contents and either the cell wall or the
cell's surroundings |
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Term
|
Definition
- A jelly-like fluid inside
the cell in which the organelles are suspended (166)
Ions - Substances in which at least one atom has an
imbalance of protons and electrons |
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Term
|
Definition
The motion of the cytoplasm in
a cell that results in a coordinated movement of the cell's
contents ( |
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Term
|
Definition
The organelles in
which nutrients are converted to energy |
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Term
|
Definition
- The organelle in animal cells
responsible for hydrolysis reactions that break down
proteins, polysaccharides, disaccharides, and some lipids |
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Term
|
Definition
Non-membrane-bound organelles
responsible for protein synthesis |
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Term
|
Definition
- An organelle composed of an extensive network of
folded membranes that performs several tasks within a
cell |
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Term
| Rough ER – ER (Endoplasmic reticulum) |
|
Definition
– ER (Endoplasmic reticulum) that is dotted
with ribosomes |
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Term
| Smooth ER - ER (Endoplasmic reticulum) |
|
Definition
ER (Endoplasmic reticulum) that has no
ribosomes |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Organelles that store
starches or oils |
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Term
|
Definition
Organelles that
contain pigments used in photosynthesis |
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Term
|
Definition
A large vacuole that rests at the center
of most plant cells and is filled with a solution that
contains a high concentration of solute |
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Term
|
Definition
Vacuoles that contain the waste
products of digestion ( |
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Term
|
Definition
The process by
which a cell engulfs foreign substances or other cells |
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Term
|
Definition
Vesicle formed at the
plasma membrane to allow the absorption of large
molecules |
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Term
|
Definition
Vesicle that holds secretion products
so that they can be transported to the plasma membrane
and released (170) |
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Term
|
Definition
Spiral strands of protein molecules that
form a tube-like structure (172) |
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Term
|
Definition
A highly-porous membrane that
separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm (172) |
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Term
|
Definition
Clusters of DNA, RNA, and
proteins in the nucleus of a cell (173) |
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Term
|
Definition
A network of fibers that holds the cell
together, helps the cell keep its shape, and aids in
movement (173) |
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Term
|
Definition
Fine, threadlike proteins found in the
cell’s cytoskeleton (173) |
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Term
|
Definition
Threadlike proteins in the cell’s
cytoskeleton that are roughly twice as thick as
microfilaments (173) |
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Term
|
Definition
A lipid in which one of the fatty acid
molecules has been replaced by a molecule that contains
a phosphate group (176) |
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Term
|
Definition
Movement of molecules through the
plasma membrane according to the dictates of osmosis or
diffusion (179) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Movement of molecules through the
plasma membrane (typically opposite the dictates of
osmosis or diffusion) aided by a process that requires
energy (179) |
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Term
|
Definition
A solution in which
the concentration of solutes is essentially equal to that of
the cell which resides in the solution (179) |
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Term
| Hypertonic (hi pur tahn' ik) solution |
|
Definition
A solution in
which the concentration of solutes is greater than that of
the cell that resides in the solution (179) |
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Term
|
Definition
Collapse of a walled
cell's cytoplasm due to lack of water (179) |
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Term
|
Definition
The rupturing of a cell due
to excess internal pressure (180) |
|
|
Term
| Hypotonic (hi pur tahn' ik) solution - |
|
Definition
A solution in which
the concentration of solutes is less than that of the cell
that resides in the solution (180) |
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Term
|
Definition
Energy necessary to get a chemical
reaction going (182)
Always |
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Term
|
Definition
The science that studies how characteristics
get passed from parent to offspring (195) |
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Term
|
Definition
The general guideline of traits
determined by a person's DNA (196) |
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Term
|
Definition
- Those "non-biological" factors
that are involved in a person's surroundings such as the
nature of the person's parents, the person's friends, and
the person's behavioral choices (197) |
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Term
|
Definition
The factors in a person's life that are
determined by the quality of his or her relationship with
God (197) |
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Term
|
Definition
A section of DNA that codes for the production
of a protein or a portion of protein, thereby causing a
trait (197) |
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Term
|
Definition
The RNA that performs transcription
(201) |
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Term
|
Definition
A three-nucleoctide sequence on tRNA
(201) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
A sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that
refers to a specific type of amino acid (201) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
DNA coiled around
and supported by proteins, found in the nucleus of the
cell (205) |
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Term
|
Definition
A process of asexual reproduction
in eukaryotic cells (206) |
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Term
|
Definition
The time interval between cellular
reproduction (206) |
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Term
|
Definition
- The region that joins two
sister chromatids (207) |
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Term
|
Definition
A cell ready to begin reproduction,
containing duplicate DNA and centriole (206) |
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Term
|
Definition
The figure produced when
the chromosomes of a species during metaphase are
arranged according to their homologous pairs (212) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
A cell with chromosomes that come in
homologous pairs (212) |
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Term
|
Definition
A cell that has only one representative of
each chromosome pair (212) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
The total number of chromosomes
in a diploid cell (212) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
The number of homologous pairs
in a diploid cell (213) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
The process by which a diploid (2n) cell forms
four gametes (n) (213) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Haploid cells (n) produced by diploid cells
(2n) for the purpose of sexual reproduction (213) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
A non-cellular infectious agent that has two
characteristics:
1.) It has genetic material (RNA or DNA) inside a
protective protein coat
2.) It cannot reproduce on its own (218) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
- Specialized proteins that aid in destroying
infectious agents (220) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
A weakened or inactive version of a pathogen
that stimulates the body's production of antibodies which
can aid in destroying the pathogen (220) |
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