Term
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Definition
| typically supplied by the diet to provide the body with its basic needs including energy and the raw materials to synthesize molecules of life |
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Term
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Definition
| more than 100lbs above a healthy weight; increases many disease processes and interferes with normal activities of daily living |
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Term
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Definition
| 1 of 3 college-age caucasian woman has one of these |
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Term
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Definition
| a psychiatric diagnosis that describes an eating disorder characterized by low body weight and body image distortion |
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Term
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Definition
| known to be life-threatening and can put a strain on many normal bodily functions |
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Term
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Definition
| psychological eating disorder in which the subject engages in recurrent binge eating followed by intentional purging |
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Term
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Definition
| vomiting, inappropriate use of laxatives and diuretics, excessive exercising and fasting are examples |
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Term
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Definition
| all the biochemical reactions that occur within an organism |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| chemical reactions that break down complex organic compounds into simple ones with net release of energy |
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Term
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Definition
| process of energy-requiring reactions where small molecules are built into larger ones |
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Term
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Definition
| the capacity of the body or a system to do work |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA ATP; the main "energy currency" in living cells |
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Term
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Definition
| substances that accelerate chemical reactions for the purpose of metabolism to create energy |
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Term
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Definition
| very specific for a particular chemical reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| the substance acted upon by an enzyme |
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Term
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Definition
| all cells metabolize this for energy; the brain relies almost entirely on it |
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Term
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Definition
| the body's preferred source for synthesizing ATP |
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Term
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Definition
| glucose not needed immediately for ATP is converted to this and stored in the liver and skeletal muscle fibers |
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Term
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Definition
| glucose is transformed into this by the liver if glycogen stores are full; stored in adipose tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| the breaking down of glucose molecule and producing 2 ATP molecules of energy; occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA anaerobic cellular respiration because it doesn't require oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA citric acid cycle; a series of biochemical reactions that occur in the mitochondria of the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| generates a large amount of ATP energy, usually 32-38 molecules per glucose molecule |
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Term
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Definition
| requires available oxygen to occur |
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Term
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Definition
| condition in which the body's internal environment remains relatively constant despite external environmental changes |
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Term
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Definition
| involves two types of feedback- negative and positive |
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Term
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Definition
| physical and chemical parameters are kept within the narrow range that cells require to function properly |
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Term
| Nervous and Endocrine Systems |
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Definition
| the two key body systems that regulate homeostasis |
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Term
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Definition
| indirectly connect all cells to each other with an elaborate network; carry molecules and hormone messengers to appropriate locations |
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Term
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Definition
| response to a change which counteracts that change; reverses effects (i.e. body temp, heart rate, bp, water balance, etc) |
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Term
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Definition
| overall result is to return the system to its original condition; negates the initial change |
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Term
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Definition
| abound in physiological systems and are by far the most common feedback system in the body |
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Term
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Definition
| produces a response that intensifies the original change; effects continue in the same direction |
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Term
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Definition
| creates a chain reaction that usually results in a final event or outcome; (i.e. bowel movement, childbirth, etc) |
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Term
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Definition
| generally self-limiting and occur relatively infrequently in physiological systems |
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