Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
•BASIC BUILDING BLOCKS FOR PROTEIN
•EACH AMINO ACID CONTAINS A BASIC (AMINO) GROUPING (-NH2) AND AN ACIDIC (CARBOXYL) GROUPING (-COOH) |
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Term
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Definition
| •AMOUNT OF NUTRIENT AVAILABLE TO THE BODY BASED ON ITS ABSORPTION |
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Term
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Definition
•PROTEIN SUBSTANCE OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE THAT HELPS SUPPORT BODY STRUCTURES SUCH AS THE SKIN, BONES, TEETH, AND TENDONS
•A LOW INTAKE OF PROTEIN MAY AFFECT ALL OF THESE |
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Term
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Definition
| •FOODS THAT DO NOT CONTAIN ADEQUATE AMOUNTS OF ALL OF THE ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS, BUT WHEN EATEN TOGETHER, THEY HAVE ALL OF THE ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS |
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Term
| CONDITIONALLY ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS |
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Definition
•ESSENTIAL IN CERTIAN NUTRITIONAL OR DISEASE STATES, OR IN CERTAIN AGES OF DEVELOPMENT
•THEY INCLUDE:
-ARGININE
-CYSTEINE
-TYROSINE
-GLUTAMINE
-GLYCINE
-PROLINE |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| •MARGINATED REDNESS OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANES CAUSED BY INFLAMMATION |
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Term
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Definition
•EAAs
•REQUIRED IN THE DIET
•THE 9 EAAs ARE:
-HISTIDINE
-ISOLEUCINE
-LEUCINE
-LYSINE
-METHIONINE
-PHENYLALANINE
-THREONINE
-TRYPTOPHAN
-VALINE |
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Term
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Definition
•ESSENTIAL FOR THE BODY, BUT CAN BE MADE FROM EAAs, SO THEY ARE NOT REQUIRED
•THE 11 NEAAs ARE:
-ALANINE
-ARGININE*
-ASPARTIC ACID
-ASPARAGINE
-CYSTEINE*
-GLUTAMIC ACID
-GLUTAMINE*
-GLYCINE*
-PROLINE*
-SERINE
-TYROSINE*
*SOMETIMES ESSENTIAL |
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Term
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Definition
•PERSON WHO PRIMARILY FOLLOWS A PLANT BASED DIET, BUT OCCASIONALLY EATS SMALL AMOUNTS OF MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
•AKA: SEMIVEGETARIAN |
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Term
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Definition
| FOODS THAT CONTAIN ADEQUATE AMOUNTS OF THE 9 ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS TO MAINTAIN NITROGEN BALANCE AND PERMIT GROWTH |
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Term
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Definition
| •BODY'S ABILITY TO PROTECT ITSELF FROM THE DESTRUCTIVE BACTERIA AND INFECTION THAT ARE PRESENT IN THE BODY |
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Term
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Definition
| •IMMUNE RESPONSE THAT HAS BEEN WEAKENED BY A DISEASE OR DRUG |
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Term
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Definition
| •ANTIBODIES, THE BODY'S MAIN PROTECTION FROM DISEASE |
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Term
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Definition
| •SPACES BETWEEN CELLS WITHIN A TISSUE OR ORGAN |
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Term
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Definition
•NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY DISEASE THAT OCCURS WHEN ADEQUATE KCALS ARE AVAILABLE, BUT PROTEIN IS INADEQUATE
•USUALLY IN CHILDREN AFTER BEING WEANED FROM BREAST MILK |
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Term
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Definition
| •PERSON WHO CONSUMES ONLY PRODUCTS FROM PLANTS AND DAIRY PRODUCTS |
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Term
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Definition
•PLANT PROTEINS THAT LACK ONE OR MORE EAA, OR LACKS PROPER BALANCE OF AMINO ACIDS
•AKA INCOMPLETE PROTEINS |
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Term
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Definition
| •NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY THAT OCCURS IN INFANTS WHEN BOTH KCALS AND PROTEIN ARE DEFICIENT IN THEIR DIET |
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Term
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Definition
| •DEGENERATION AND DEATH OF CELLS |
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Term
| NECROTIZING ULCERATIVE GINGIVITIS |
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Definition
•NUG
•ORAL CONDITION CAUSED BY NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES, STRESS, INFECTION, AND DEPRESSED IMMUNE RESPONSES
•CHARACTERIZED BY ERYTHEMA AND NECROSIS OF THE INTERDENTAL PAPILLA |
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Term
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Definition
| •BALANCE OF REACTIONS IN WHICH PROTEIN SUBSTANCES ARE BROKEN DOWN AND REBUILT |
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Term
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Definition
•SEVERE GANGRENOUS PROCESS USUALLY MANIFESTING AS A SMALL ULCER ON THE GINGIVA THAT BECOMES NECROTIC AND SPREADS TO THE LIPS, CHEEK, AND TISSUES COVERING THE JAW
•CAUSED BY INADEQUATE PROTEIN INTAKE |
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Term
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Definition
| •VEGETARIAN DIET SUPPLEMENTED WITH MILK, EGGS, AND CHEESE |
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Term
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Definition
| •TYPE OF VEGETARIAN WHOSE DIET CONSISTS OF FOODS FROM PLANTS WITH THE ADDITION OF EGGS |
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Term
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Definition
| •HARD AND SOFT TISSUES THAT SURROUND AND SUPPORT THE TEETH |
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Term
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Definition
| •SEVERAL AMINO ACIDS JOINED TOGETHER |
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Term
| PROTEIN DIGESTIBILITY CORRECTED AMINO ACID SCORE |
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Definition
•PDCAAs
•OFFICIAL ASSAY FOR EVALUATING PROTEIN QUALITY IN HUMANS
•CASEIN (MILK PROTEIN) = 1.00 (HIGHEST) |
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Term
| PROTEIN-ENERGY MALNUTRITION |
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Definition
•PEM
•NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY CONDITION CAUSED BY CONSISTENTLY CONSUMING INADEQUATE AMOUNTS OF ENERGY AND PROTEIN |
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Term
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Definition
| •THE PART OF THE STRUCTURE THAT VARIES TO FORM 22 DIFFERENT AMINO ACIDS |
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Term
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Definition
•THE LOSS OF MUSCLE MASS AND STRENGTH WITH AGING
•MANY BELIEVE THIS IS NORMAL FOR ELDERLY PEOPLE |
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Term
| SECRETORY IMMUNOGLOBULIN A |
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Definition
•ANTIBODY PRESENT IN THE ORAL, NASAL, INTESTINAL, AND OTHER MUCOSAL SECRETIONS
•PROVIDES THE FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE IN THE ORAL CAVITY |
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Term
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Definition
•PROCESS OF HEAT PRODUCTION IN WARM BLOODED ORGANISMS
•OCCURS WHEN THE METABOLIC RATE INCREASES ABOVE NORMAL |
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Term
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Definition
| •PERSON WHO EATS ONLY PLANT FOODS |
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Term
| PROTEINS ARE ______________________ |
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Definition
•VERY LARGE MOLECULAR STRUCTURES CONTAINING:
-CARBON
-HYDROGEN
-OXYGEN
-NITROGEN
-SOMETIMES SULFUR AND PHOSPHORUS |
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Term
| THE AMOUNT OF EAAs FURNISHED BY A FOOD DETERMINES _________________ |
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Definition
| •ITS ABILITY TO SUPPORT GROWTH, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR |
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Term
| A FOOD WITH ALL EAAs IS _______________ AND IS USUALLY FROM _______________ |
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Definition
•COMPLETE
•ANIMAL PRODUCTS |
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Term
| A FOOD WITHOUT ALL EAAs IS _________________ AND IS FROM _______________ |
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Definition
•INCOMPLETE
•PLANTS AND GRAINS |
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Term
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Definition
•COMBINING 2 INCOMPLETES TO MAKE A COMPLETE
•EXAMPLE: BEANS AND RICE |
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Term
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Definition
•BODY PROTEIN CONSTANT
•N INTAKE = N EXCRETION |
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Term
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Definition
•INCREASE IN BODY PROTEIN
•N INTAKE > N EXCRETION |
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Term
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Definition
•DECREASE IN BODY PROTEIN
•N INTAKE < N EXCRETION |
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE PHYSIOLOGICAL ROLES OF PROTEINS? |
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Definition
•GENERATION OF NEW BODY TISSUES
•REPAIR OF BODY TISSUES
•PRODUCTION OF ESSENTIAL COMPOUNDS
•REGULATION OF FLUID BALANCE
•RESISTANCE TO DISEASE
•TRANSPORT MECHANISMS FOR FATS
•ENERGY - 4 CAL/G |
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Term
| THE INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE HAS DETERMINED THE RDA FOR PROTEIN FOR ADULTS TO BE ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| PROTEIN SHOULD BE APPROXIMATELY ____ OF CALORIES |
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Definition
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Term
| AMERICANS COMMONLY INGEST SIGNIFICANTLY MORE __________ THAN IS RECOMMENDED |
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Definition
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Term
| PROTEIN MAY BE ______________ IN DISEASE STATES AFFECTING KIDNEY OR LIVER |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT ARE SOME SOURCES OF PROTEIN? |
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Definition
•MEAT AND MILK GROUPS
•SOY
•BEANS |
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Term
| _________________ AND _________________ OF PROTEIN ARE FAVORABLY AFFECTED BY COOKING |
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Definition
•DIGESTABILITY
•NUTRITIONAL VALUE |
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Term
| _________________ AFFECTS PROTEIN NEGATIVELY |
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Definition
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Term
| GROUPS OR INDIVIDUALS SUSCEPTIBLE TO INSUFFICIENT PROTEIN INTAKES ARE: |
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Definition
•ELDERLY
•LOW INCOME
•STRICT VEGETARIANS
•PEOPLE WITH LACK OF EDUCATION OR UNWILLING TO SHOP WISELY
•PATIENTS WHO ARE CHRONICALLY ILL OR HOSTITALIZED |
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Term
| PEM AFFECTS THE WHOLE BODY, INCLUDING ___________________ |
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Definition
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Term
| PEM DURING TOOTH DEVELOPMENT CAUSES |
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Definition
•SMALLER MOLARS
•DELAYED ERUPTION AND EXFOLIATION OF PRIMARY TEETH
•SLOWED MANDIBLE DEVELOPMENT
•SMALLER SALIVARY GLANDS
•COMPONENTS OF SALIVA ARE DIFFERENT, WHICH COMPROMISES IMMUNE FUNCTION OF SALIVA |
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Term
| DURING PEM _________________ |
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Definition
•EPITHELIUM, CONNECTIVE TISSUE, AND BONE MAY BE POORLY DEVELOPED
•ENAMEL IS MORE SUSCEPTIBLE TO CARIES
•RESISTANCE TO PERIODONTAL DISEASES IS DECREASED
•DECREASED ANTIBODY PRODUCTION INCREASES SUSCEPTIBILITY TO MUCOSAL INFECTIONS
•INCREASED INCIDENCE OF NOMA AND NUG |
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Term
| OVERCONSUMPTION AND HEALTH RELATED PROBLEMS |
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Definition
•OBESITY
•FLUID IMBALANCES BECAUSE WATER REQUIREMENT INCREASES WITH HIGHER INTAKES OF PROTEIN |
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Term
T/F
A PROTEIN DEFICIENCY DURING CHILDHOOD MAY LEAD TO INCREASED CARIES SUSCEPTIBILITY RELATED TO ALTERATIONS IN TOOTH DEVELOPMENT AND DIMINISHED SALIVARY FLOW |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
BROWN SHELLED EGGS ARE MORE NUTRITIOUS THAN WHITE SHELLED EGGS |
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Definition
| FALSE. THE BREED OF THEN HEN DETERMINES THE COLOR OF THE EGG |
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Term
T/F
GELATIN IS A GOOD SOURCE OF HIGH-QUALITY PROTEIN |
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Definition
| FALSE. GELATIN DOES NOT CONTAIN ALL THE EAAs |
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Term
T/F
OLDER PATIENTS REQUIRE LESS PROTEIN THAN YOUNGER ADULTS |
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Definition
| FALSE. PROTEIN REQUIREMENT IS AT LEAST EQUAL TO THAT OF A YOUNG ADULT AND MAY BE INCREASED |
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Term
T/F
HIGH PROTEIN INTAKE STRENGTHENS THE ENAMEL OF A TOOTH |
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Definition
| FALSE. ADEQUATE AMOUNTS OF PROTEIN ARE NEEDED FOR DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTHY TEETH, BUT INCREASING PROTEIN WOULD NOT HAVE ANY EFFECT ON ENAMEL |
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Term
T/F
AN INCREASE IN PROTEIN INTAKE WITHOUT DECREASING INTAKE OF OTHER ENERGY-CONTAINING NUTRIENTS MAY LEAD TO AN INCREASE IN FAT STORES RATHER THAN MUSCLE |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
AMINO ACIDS ARE THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF PROTEINS |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
MARASMUS IS A PROTEIN DEFICIENCY DISORDER |
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Definition
| FALSE. IT IS A PROTEIN DEFICIENCY AND KCAL DEFICIENCY DISORDER |
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Term
T/F
LACTOVEGETARIANS EAT EGGS AND PLANT FOODS |
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Definition
| FALSE. THEY DO NOT EAT EGGS |
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Term
T/F
POSITIVE NITROGEN BALANCE OCCURS DURING PERIODS OF GROWTH |
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Definition
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