Term
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Definition
| The study of foods, their nutrients and other chemical constituents, and the effect of food constituents on human health |
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Term
Nutrition Concept #1
-Food Security
-Food Insecurity |
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Definition
Food is a basic need of humans
Food security is access at all times to a sufficient supply of safe, nutritious foods
Food insecurity is limited or uncertain availability of safe, nutritious foods |
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Term
Nutrition Concept #2
-Food Provides... |
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Definition
| Foods provide Energy, Nutrients, and other biologically active substances |
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Term
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Definition
-A calorie is a unit of measure of the amount of energy in a food
-Because calories are a unit of measure, they do not qualify as a nutrient |
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Term
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Definition
Nutrients are all of the chemical substances present in food that are used by the body.
-Everything in our body was once a nutrient in food we consumed. |
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Term
Nutrients:
1) Categories of Nutrients |
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Definition
Carbohydrates: simple sugars and complex carbohydrates
Proteins: 20 amino acids, the “building blocks” for protein
Fats: Saturated, unsaturated, essential fatty acids, and cholesterol
13 vitamins
15 minerals
Water |
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Term
Nutrients:
2) Energy Nutrients |
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Definition
-Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats supply calories and are called “energy nutrients”
-Vitamins, minerals, and water are chemicals needed for conversion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into energy. |
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Term
| Essential Nutrients: Definition |
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Definition
| - Nutrients the body cannot make, or produce in sufficient quantity, are referred to as essential nutrients (essential= required in the diet) |
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Term
| Nonessential Nutrients: Definition |
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Definition
-Nutrients manufactured by the body from things in the diet are nonessential
-Nonessential nutrients are present in food, but not required in our diet |
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Term
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Definition
| -We all need the same nutrients, but not in the same amounts. |
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Term
| DRIs (Dietary Reference Intakes) |
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Definition
-Recommended daily levels of intake that not only meet the nutrient needs of almost all healthy people (97-98%), but also promote health and help reduce the risk of chronic disease
-The DRIs are developed by experts from the United States and Canada, and will apply to the people in both countries |
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Term
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Definition
-Safe, upper limits of nutrient intake are “Tolerable Upper Intake Levels” abbreviated ULs
-They represent total, daily levels of nutrient intake from food, fortified food products, and supplements that should not be exceeded |
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Term
Nutrition Concept #3
-Health Problems |
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Definition
-Health problems related to nutrition originate within cells
-All body processes required for growth and health take place in cells and the fluid that surrounds them |
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Term
Nutrition Concept #4
-Poor Nutrition |
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Definition
| -Poor nutrition can result from both inadequate and excessive levels of nutrient intake |
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Term
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Definition
| -A deficiency develops after a period of insufficient intake of an essential nutrient, because tissue reserves of the nutrient become depleted |
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Term
Nutrition Concept #5
-Human nature |
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Definition
| -Humans have adaptive mechanisms to manage variations in nutrient intake |
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Term
Nutrition Concept #6
-Malnutrition |
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Definition
Malnutrition can result from:
-poor diets (both inadequate and excessive availability of calories and nutrients)
-disease states (that interfere with the body’s ability to use the nutrients consumed)
-genetic factors
-combinations of these causes |
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Term
Nutrition Concept #7
-At risk groups |
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Definition
Some groups are at higher risk of being inadequately nourished than others:
-Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding
-Infants, growing children
-The ill, or recovering from illness
-Frail elderly |
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Term
Nutrition Concept #8
-Poor Nutrition influences |
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Definition
-Poor nutrition influences development of some chronic diseases
-Faulty diets are involved in heart disease, hypertension, cancer, osteoporosis, all chronic diseases. |
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Term
Nutrition Concept #9
-Characteristics of Healthy Diet |
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Definition
| Adequacy, variety, and balance are key characteristics of a healthy diet |
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Term
Nutrition Concept #10
-Food types |
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Definition
| There are no “good” or “bad” foods |
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