difficulty swallowing

evaluation by speech therapy and possibly a neuro exam: a primary goal is avoiding aspiration pneumonia. National diet standards developed in 2002: requires alteration in food and liquid consistency or NPO status

Prolonged reflux of stomach contents into esophagus

Diet and lifestyle changes designed to reduce upper GI pressure, improves LES competence and limit gastric acid production; medications (PPIs) or surgery are sometimes employed

Destruction of upper GI mucosal tissue: H. pyylori or NSAID use is often a factor

Dietary strategies employed are the same as GERD treatment, but diet is not often a first consideration, and many may not experience relief via diet changes alone. Medical treatments could include drugs to treat H. pylori and surgery 

The inability to completely breakdown and absorb lipids; resulting in fat in the stool

In long lasting cases, a fat restricted diet may be indicated

Inappropriate concentration of GI tract muscles at the point in which two sections of the GI tract come together

Diet must be individualized in this condition. Sometimes involves avoiding very hot or cold foods, spicy foods. stress management and surgery may be considerations also. 

Food and fluids remain in the stomach for an innappropriately long period of time.

Diet therepy could include small, frequent meals with more liquids added. Reducing fat and roughage may also be tried

An atypical immune reaction to gluten proteins. SI villi are negatively affected causing many physiological problems

Gluten free diet (no BRO?W)

IBD

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Chronic inflammation resulting in lower GI tissue insult; Chron's and ulcerative colitis are the major forms.

Diet will depend on which manifestation the patient experiences and whether the disease is active or inactive

SBS

Short Bowel Syndrome

Malabsorption which is the result of of SI resection(s); failure to treat with adequate dietary changes can cause fluid and electrolyte imbalance and nutrient deficiencies.

Diet is based ultimately on the surgery that is preformed, and the patient's response to refeeding. Total Parentral Nutrition elemental tube feedings are often needed, and Medium Chain Triglyceride can be helpful

IBS

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Etiology of this diagnosis is not known. Common symptoms include abdominal pain, gas, diarrhea, and constipation

Individualization of diet is needed, possible after antibody testing. General advice is adequate fiber diet with low caffeine and alcohol intake and avoidance of gas-producing foods

A complication that results from the rapid infusion of a hypertonic substance into the small intestine.

Basic diet recommendations include having small, frequent meals with adequate dietary protein. Simple sugars are avoided.

A complication that results from the rapid infusion of a hypertonic substance into the small intestine.

When the acute phase of the illness has subsided, a high fiber diet with adequate fluid is encouraged

A disease that occurs usually due to high cholesterol content of bile.

Limit fat and lose weight if appropriate

barley, rye, wheat

Oats- by cross contamination

Chrons disease- patchy- can involve other parts of GI

Ulcerative Colitis- colon- starts in rectum and works up to SI (not including) ONLY COLON

Malabsorption resulting from surgical removal of SI premature infants (NEC) Crons surgery- radiation enteritis

<50% of short bowel remaining

encouraged lower fat, adequate fiber-

avoid caffeine, alcohol, lactose, fructose, sortibot, gas producing foods

Dyspahgia-

Name the three phases of swallowing and whether each is reflexive or voluntary

normal phases of swallowing:

Oral Phase- food bolus moves to back of mouth (V)

Pharyngeal Phase- triggering of swallow (R)

Esophageal Phase- actual swallow (R)