Term
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Definition
Function - Assists in carbohydrate metabolism and energy production
Deficiency - Extreme muscle wasting or Edema
Toxicity - None
Menu - Most enriched grains, pork, lentils |
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Term
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Definition
Function - Serves as a co-enzyme for energy and lipid metabolism
Deficiency - Discoloration of eyes, skin, and tongue
Toxicity - None
Menu - Milk,cheese, pork, most enriched grains |
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Term
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Definition
Function - A co-enzyme in energy metabolism
Deficiency - Pellegra (Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia)
Toxicity - Flushing, nausea, headaches, cramps, heartburn
Menu - Chicken, trout, pork, peanuts, protein products, some grains |
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Term
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Definition
Function - Protein metabolism, myelin sheath, makes hemoglobin, conversion from tryptophan to niacin
Deficiency - Poor growth, decreased immune function, anemia
Toxicity - Numbness, nerve damage
Menu - Animal products, brown rice |
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Term
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Definition
Function - Protein metabolism, synthesis of DNA, RBC formation
Deficiency - Cells unable to divide, amemia, risk of heart disease
Toxicity - Diarrhea, insomnia, irritability, spina bifida
Menu - Lentils, vegetables, grains, nuts |
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Term
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Definition
NOT AN ESSENTIAL NUTRIENT
Function - Co-enzyme in folate metabolism and nerve function
Deficiency - Macrocyctic anemia, nerve degeneration
Toxicity - none (rare)
Menu - Only found in animal products and bound to protein
(Intrinsic Factor - helps absorb B12; absorbed in ileum) |
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Term
| Pantothenic Acid and Biotin |
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Definition
Function - Co-enzyme in energy metabolism
Deficiency - Depression (rare)
Toxicity - none |
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Term
| Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) |
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Definition
Function - Synthesis of collagen, antioxidant, strengthens immune system, helps with iron absorption
Deficiency - Scurvy
Toxicity - 1g/day, leads to nausea, stomach cramps, diarrhea
Menu - Fruit, veggies (peppers) |
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Term
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Definition
Function - Vision, epithelial tissue growth and repair, reproduction, antioxidant (beta carotene)
Deficiency - Night blindness, rough skin, suppressed immunity
Toxicity - Liver damage, birth defects
Menu - Beef liver, milk, cheese, orange foods (apricots, mustard, greens, carrots) |
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Term
| Vitamin D (cholecalciferol) |
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Definition
Function - Bone and teeth formation, regulation of body use of calcium and phosphorus
Deficiency - Softening of bones, Rickets (in children), Osteomalacia (in adults)
Toxicity - Calcium deposits in soft tissue, abnormal bone growth
Menu - Salmon, milk, cheese, eggs, animal based products |
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Term
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Definition
Function - Antioxidant
Deficiency - RBC breakage, nerve damage
Toxicity - Overdose may increase bleeding
Menu - Oils, nuts and seeds, salmon, chicken, eggs, kiwi |
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Term
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Definition
ALL BORN BABIES ARE GIVEN SHOTS OF VITAMIN K
Function - Synthesis of blood clotting proteins (prothrombin)
Deficiency - Hemorrhaging
Toxicity - Anemia, brain damage
Menu - Green leafy vegetables
Made in intestinal flora |
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