Term
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Definition
“Nutrasweet”, “Equal”
Variety of diet foods & soft drinks
Most widely used artificial sweetener
Approved by FDA in 1981
Two amino acids = Aspartate & Phenylalanine
4 Cal/gm
But much sweeter than sugar
Use very little
Only 4 calories in Equal packets
Virtually no calories when added to food
ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) = 50 mg / kg body weight (bw)
Amount that can be consumed daily without adverse long term effects
For 132 lb person = 80 equal packet or 15 cans diet soda
Problem = so many products have it in them
Should not consume during pregnancy
Phenylketonuria (PKU) - people can’t metabolize phenylalanine |
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Term
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Definition
“Splenda”
No Calories (not broken down or absorbed)
Chlorinated sucrose
Used worldwide since 1991
Approved by FDA in 1999
In an increasing number of products
600-times sweeter than sucrose (use very little)
Safe for diabetics
Advantages = heat-stable (can use in cooking & baking)
Measured in equivalent amounts to sucrose
Over 100 scientific studies over 20 years, shown to be safe |
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Term
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Definition
“Sunette”, “Sweet One”
FDA approved in 1988
Nearly as sweet as aspartame
Often used together with aspartame
Chewing gums, beverages, instant tea & coffee, puddings, gelatin |
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Term
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Definition
FDA approved in 2002
7,000 - 13,000-times sweeter than sucrose (use very little)
In processed food, not for home use
Also has phenylalanine but is not digestible
Safe for those with PKU |
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Term
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Definition
derived from lactose
80% remains unabsorbed
High doses can cause flatulence, cramping, loose stool |
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Term
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Definition
| weight control, prevents constipation, diarrhea, hemorrhoids, prevents appendicitis, prevents diverticulosis, decrease colon cancer risk by 40%, prevents heart disease, manage diabetes (slow movement from stomach to intestine- slow increase in blood sugar), |
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Term
Recommended Fiber Intake
Adequate Intake |
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Definition
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Term
| %Daily Calories from carbs |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| water loss - because burning body's glycogen stores results in loss of water. Ketones from fat burning increase urine output |
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Term
| How do Low Carb Diets work? |
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Definition
| If no carbs, body uses fat for energy. Body racts in starvation mode, then converts muscle protein to glucose. Ketosis develops - acidifies blood. |
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Term
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Definition
slowly broken into sugar leading to slower increase in blood sugar
foods containing fiber |
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Term
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Definition
| broken down more quickly - quick spike in blood sugar and insulin levels |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| increases rate of dehydration, constipation, kidney stones, hyperlipidemia, optic neuropathy, osteoporosis |
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Term
| Why High Protein diets are bad |
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Definition
| increase calcium excretion = decreased bone mass, raies LDL and cholesterol, exclude fruits adn veggies, |
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