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- Led by Piaget
- 4 stages (birth-2y, 2y-6y, 6y-12y, 12y- death)
Think of the little kids videos.
OOOOO
O O O O O
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Mental frameworks that organize information |
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interpreting new experiences based upon existing schemes. |
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Adapting current schemes to work with new information. |
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- Led by Erik Erikson
- Our environment plays an important role in our development and psychosocial well being.
- 8 stages
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- Led by Kohlberg
- How our decision making skills change over time.
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Morality centers around avoiding punishment or attaining reward. |
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Morality centers around meeting moral standards learned from other people (friends or family). |
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Morality centers around abstract principals of justice, fairness, and truth. |
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- Top Down parenting
- Parents tell kids how it is going to be.
- Frequently strict behavior and consequences.
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- Children given freedom to pursue their interests.
- Few expectations/consequences.
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- Parents talk over expectations and rules.
- Discuss consequences, allowing for child input.
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Changing the meaning associated with a sight/sound.
Think Pavlov's dog.
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Unconditioned stimulus >> Unconditional Response |
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Unconditioned stimulus + Neutral Stimulus >> Unconditioned Response |
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Conditioned Stimulus >> Conditioned Response |
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Adding/Taking Away incentives to change behavior.
Think BF Skinner |
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Adding something to change behavior |
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Taking away something to change behavior |
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Encourage desired behavior |
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Discourage unwanted behavior |
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Ignoring behavior in hopes that it will go away |
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Learning by watching someone else perform the task.
Think Bandura
Bobo the Doll |
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Being aware of the behaviors around you |
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Remembering the behavior witnessed. |
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Ability to Reprouce Behavior |
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Possessing the required skill |
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Wanting to reproduce the behavior that was witnessed. |
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Learning from the positive and negative consequences of other people. |
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Modeling negative and destructive behaviors |
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modeling positive, constructive, and helpful behaviors. |
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A schedule of reinforcements that rewards correct responses. |
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A schedule of reinforcements that the reward follows some correct responses. |
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The time that passes between reinforcements. |
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Number of responses before reinforcement follows. |
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Rewards only the first correct response after a defined period of time. |
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Rewards the first correct response after an unpredictable amount of time. |
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Rewards the first correct response after defined number of correct responses. |
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Rewards an unpredictable number of correct responses. |
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The affect of promising a reward for something someone already likes to do.
May lead to lack of interest in doing the action later on, if the reward is taken away. |
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