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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| Dextrose 5% in lactated ringers |
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Definition
| Dextrose 5% in normal Saline |
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Definition
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Definition
| Patient Controlled Analgesia |
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Definition
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Definition
Administer: Meds, chemo, blood products
Maintain/Support/Replace: Electrolytes, fluid, calories, vitamins |
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Definition
| Greatly expand intravascular spaces. |
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| What do we want to monitor with hypertonic solutions? |
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Definition
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| What type of solutions are hypertonic |
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Definition
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Definition
| May cuase sudden fluid shift from vessels into cells |
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Term
| When do we not give hypotonic solutions? |
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Definition
| Do not give to patient at risk of 3rd spacing |
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| What solutions are hypotonic? |
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Definition
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Term
| Isotonic solutions treat what and how? |
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Definition
Treat dehydration by restoring normal fluid after extracelluar shift (burns, infection)
-Expand the intravascular compartment |
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Term
| What do we monitor with isotonic solutions? |
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Definition
| S/S of fluid overload, especially in HTN and CHF |
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Definition
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| two additional check for the 5 rights for IVs |
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Definition
-Check bags for leaks and for fluid clearness
-Check for incompatibilities if any other fluid is already infusing |
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Term
| What IV therapies need the check of another RN before infusing? |
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Definition
Blood products
Insulin
Heparin
PCA pumps |
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Term
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Definition
1st 10kg: 4cc/kg/hr
2nd 10Kg: 2cc/kg/hr
Next: 1cc/kg/hr |
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Term
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Definition
Greater than 100ml/Hr
-10-15 gtts/ml |
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Definition
Less than 100ml/Hr
-60 Gtts/ml |
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Definition
1 L in 2 hours
50 mL in 45 min
250 ml in 3 hours
100ml in 30 min |
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Term
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Definition
1 L in 8 hours
1 liter in 12 hours
500 ml in 12 hours
50 ml in 30 min
250 ml in 5 hours |
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Term
| What factors affect IV flow rate? |
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Definition
Viscosity
Height
Pressure
Size of IV catheter
Patency
Occlusion
Size of Vessel
Vessel Occlusion |
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Term
| Local risks of IV therapy |
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Definition
Phlebitis
Inflitration
Hematoma
Thrombophlebitis
Nerve, tendon, ligament damage |
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Term
| Systemic risks of IV therapy |
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Definition
Ciculatory overload
Septicemia
Air emoblism |
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Term
| Where do you start your assessment for IV therapy? |
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Definition
At the top.
-Correct fluid
-tubing
-Rate
-Site Assessment |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Peripheral IV insertion sites |
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Definition
| Hand, arm, foot and leg veins |
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Term
| What veins can you use in infants for P. IVs? |
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Definition
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Term
| How often should you change Peripheral IV sites? |
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Definition
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Term
| Central Line IV require what dressing procedure |
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Definition
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Definition
| Peripherally inserted central catheter |
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Term
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Definition
PICC
Central Venous line
Hickman, Broviac
Implantable ports |
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Term
| Fluid volume deficit assessments |
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Definition
| Weight, i/o, decreased BP, weak elevated pulse, ortho hypo |
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Term
| Fluid volume deficit labs |
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Definition
| Increased Hct, BUN, specific gravity |
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Term
| Fluid volume excess monitor |
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Definition
| Weight gain, intake greater than output, tachycardia, bounding pulses, increased BP, crackles in lungs, Edema |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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| What do we use to clean a luer access port and for how long? |
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Definition
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Definition
| Peal of seal, twist disinfectant cap over top of luer port, use only one time |
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Term
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Definition
| 10 second scrub, let dry completely. Use on luer access port |
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Term
| What do we use to clean central lines and implanted ports? |
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Definition
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Term
| Before hanging any bag, what do we want to do? |
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Definition
| Close the clamps, check the fluid, check the med |
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Term
| What type of procedure is spiking? |
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Definition
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Term
| How full do we want the drip chamber? |
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Definition
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Term
| Do we leave the protective cover on the end of the tubing? |
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Definition
| Yes, we leave it on to maintain sterility |
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Term
| What do we do before attaching the tubing? |
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Definition
| Let IV solution flow through entire length of tubing because we want to clear the remaining air from the tubing |
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Term
| What do we place on the tubing before hanging it? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do we document with IVs? |
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Definition
| Date/Time, location of IV, IV solution and rate of flow, site assessment |
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Term
| Gravity regulation, how high should it be? |
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Definition
| At LEAST 36 inches above IV site |
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Term
| How long do we count the drops when using a roller clamp each time we adjust it? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do we regulate by pump? |
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Definition
| Ensure cartridge or counting device is seated properly, set the pump to the desired rate and strip tape bag as QI measure |
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Term
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Definition
-Frequent or repeated bolus
-TPN and lipid nutrition
-Insulin
-Nitroglycerin
-Cardiac titrated drugs
-PCA |
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Term
| How do we fill the piggyback halfway full? |
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Definition
| Lower it below the level of the primary bag and open the roller clamp on the secondary tubing |
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Term
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Definition
| Aspriate the port with a syringe, flush port slowly to flush. Flush after infusion. |
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Term
| When is IV flush neccessary? |
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Definition
Prior to and following med admin (saline lock)
-Prior to and following med admin (imcompatible medications)
-Once per shift to maintain patency (saline lock) |
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Term
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Definition
Saline
Administration of Medication
Saline
Heparin (IF INDICATED BY POLICY) |
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Term
| Who is at risk for complications? |
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Definition
| Old, young, heart failure, kidney failure |
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Term
| Is an IV dressing clean or sterile |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Verify order
Clamp tubing
Note amount infused for accurate I/O
-Open sterile gauze and bandaid
-Put on CLEAN gloves
-Remove dressing
-Hold sterile gauze over IV site
-Withdraw
-Inspect cannula tip
-Apply Pressure, then band-aid |
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Term
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Definition
| Doesn't effect body other than to keep it in balance. |
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Term
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Definition
| Dries out! Moves the water to the blood vessels and decreases edema |
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Definition
| hydrates cells while reducing fluid in circulatory system. Might get a bit edemic on this. |
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Term
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Definition
| Patient shows signs of hypovolemia and hypervolemia. It is when the fluid becomes trapped in the interstitial space. Happens in the brains, lungs, abdomen or extremities |
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Term
| Which has more fluid, intracellular or extracellular? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens with hypertonic solutions |
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Definition
Osmotically draws water out of cells. Used as volume expanders. SHRINKS cells.
Used for acid/base balance |
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Term
| Parenteral and enteral feeding solutions are what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Hypertonic does what to veins? |
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Definition
| Much more damage than hypotonic. |
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Term
| What is the standard tonicity that needs to be infused in a central line rather than a peripheral line due to vein damage? |
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Definition
| 500 MEQ/ML. the greater blood flow in that area helps dilute it. |
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Term
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Definition
| Helps kidneys excrete excess fluids and electrolytes |
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Term
| What kind of solution are you going to see with a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis and intracellular dehydration? |
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Definition
| Hypotonic solution for D.K |
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Term
| Hypotonic solutions cause risk of what? |
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Definition
| Increased intracranial pressure, cardiac collapse due to fluids shifting into brain cells or blood cells. |
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Term
| Who do we NOT give Hypotonic solutions to |
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Definition
| Stroke victims, head trauma, neuro surgery, any pt at risk for 3rd space fluid shifts such as burns trauma or low albumin. |
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Term
| Are hypotonic solutions long term? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are we watching for hypotonic? |
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Definition
| Confusion. Fluid volume defecit. |
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Term
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Definition
| Burns, trauma, acute blood loss, hypovolemia due to 3rd spacing. Isotonic solution. |
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Term
| How many usable veins do children have? |
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Definition
| Less than 50 percent of the ones adults do |
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Term
| How often should you assess IV sites for children? |
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Definition
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Term
| Microdrips are used for what |
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Definition
| Pediatrics, adults who need smaller, more accurate drip rates |
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Term
| When there is an emergency P. IV put in, when do you need to change it by? |
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Definition
| 48 hours because it might not be as sterile as it should have been due to the situation |
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Term
| How much air in an IV bolus can be harmful? |
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Definition
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