Term
why study nursing history? |
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Definition
History repeats itself because each generation refuses to read the minutes of the last meeting.
professionalism, progression, values, beliefs.
to understand how past has influenced today and to understand your profession, to know who we are. |
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Term
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Definition
| the oldest of the arts and the youndest of the professions, the great turning points in history have also been turning points in nursing |
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Definition
from nutrive "to nourish"
latin nutrix "nursing mother"
English 14th century: norrice, nurice, nourice to nurse- a woman who cares for and tends young children |
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Term
primitive and ancient civilizations: nursing as care of the sick |
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Definition
| healers-medicine men and women, intuitive cure and care, evil spirits caused sickness, belief in gods and goddesses, rites, rituals, and spells developed |
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Definition
community planning to avoid public health problems; sanitary inspections by health officers
dentistry, classification of drugs
first physician known in history: Imhotep-eqyptian god of medicine
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| mosaic code- clean and unclean, quarantine, storage of meat, prevention of disease |
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illness-punishment for sin
herbs used to purify the body to bring about cure
temples were the centers for curing
prevention was doing what it was believed the gods wanted
surgery was performed |
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Term
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Definition
emphasis on health and body-original pupose of the olympics
Aesclapius-physician in greek mythology
Hippocrates-natural cause of disease, treat the whole person, scientific method, accurate observations, record keeping, health was an equilibrium among mind, body, and environment |
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| acupuncture, yin and yang philosophy, classified drugs |
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Definition
1600 bc-sacred Brahmanism book (vedas) written, included treatment of disease
andvanced understanding of disease prevention, hygiene and sanitation
contructed public hospitals staffed with male nurses for care |
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Definition
healing practices-rites, ceremonies, herbal treatments, charms, human sacrifices
health-a balance among man, nature, and supernatural
medicine men (shamans and priests) responsible for curing the body and the mind
disease resulted in displeasing the gods
aztecs had hospices, assisted women with childbirth |
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Term
religious image: influence of christianity |
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Definition
concern for humanity
deaconesses-order of widows-visited the sick in homes
augustinian sisters-first nursing order
Phoebe
Fabrola-first roman hospital-380 ad
st paula-hospitals in inns-first to teach nursing as an art |
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Term
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Definition
| founded by st. landry-oldest hospital in paris |
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Term
THe Knights Hosptitallers of St John
Maltese cross on habits-used for Nightingal school badge
8 points of the cross |
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Definition
loyalty
piety
frankness
bravery
glory/honor
contempt of death
helpfulness for sick and death
respect for church |
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Definition
Black death-a bubonic plague 14th century-caused the mortality of 1/4 of the population of the earth(60 million+)
Spread of syphilis-throughout the ages
London plagues in 1603 and 1625- 1/3 London pop died
18th century-typhus, smallpox, cholera |
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Definition
Renaissance-14th-16th centuries-education emphasized medical education not nursing
Reformation-Martin Luter
monastaries closed
religious orders dissolved
women subordinate- home and children, domestic service
hospital decay |
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Term
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Definition
Nursing duties were demeaning, cleaned beds, and the wards
nursing rules- all nurses who disobey orders, get drunk, neglect their patients, quarrel or fight with other nurses, or quarrel or fight with men, shall be immediately discharged |
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Definition
Nursing groups organized thoughout Europe
order of the visitation of Mary, St. Vincent de Paul
sisters of charity 1633-became lasting, outstanding secular order |
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Definition
cortes conquers aztecs- mexico city
catholic religious orders were early conlonists and became doctorr, nurses, and teachers
first hospital on american continent:
Hospital of Immaculate Conception-Mexico city 1524
First medical school in Americas: 1578 at University of Mexico |
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Term
England
Hospitals closed early 1500s |
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Definition
1547-citizens petitioned Edward VI to take over the city's largest hospitals:
St Bartholomew's and St thomas- to care for the sick poor
Bethlehem- for the insane
care deteriorated for 300 years because england had no nursing classes |
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Term
Florence Nightingale
"the lady with the lamp"
Founder of Modern Nursing |
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Definition
b:1820 d:1910
Florence, italy to wealthy parents
entered nursing with disapproval from parents
a 20th century feminist in Victorian Era |
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Term
The crimea-1854
The turning point for Nightingale and modern nursing |
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Definition
NIghtingale took 38 nurses to Scutari to care for wounded soldiers
Battle of Balaclava
charge of the light brigade-into the valley of death |
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Term
The crimea
Barracks hospitals |
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Definition
1700 bed capacity-4000 patients-4 miles of beds 18 in apart
reduced mortality rate from 60% to 1 %
she reformed hospitals, organized and provided nursing care
collected and analyzed statistics |
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Term
Nightingale
accomplishments |
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Definition
improved and reformed laws affecting health, morals and the poor
reformed hospitals and improved work-houses and infirmaries
improved medicine by instituting an army medical school and reorganizing the army medical dept
improved the health of natives and british citizens in india and other colonies
established nursing as a profession with 2 missions:
sick nursing
health nursing |
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Term
Nursing education
Principles |
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Definition
the school matron had control of the curriculum
education must include both theory and practice
teachers must be paid
records must be kept on students |
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Term
Nightingale
schools in the us |
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Definition
1872 new england hospital for women and children
Linda Richards graduated in 1873 becoming America's first trained nurse
1879 Mary Eliza Mahoney- first black nurse graduate |
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Nightingale
schools in the us
Bellevue training school
1873 |
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Definition
| Livinia Dock- one of first graduates-suffragist, nurse activist, historian, educator |
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Term
Connecticut and boston training schools |
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Definition
| Linda Richards became superintendent of nurse in 1894 |
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Term
Nightingale's view of nursing |
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Definition
| what nursing has to do in either case, is to put the patient in the best condition for nature to act upon him |
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Term
Nightingale
notes on nursing |
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Definition
you will have much opposition to encounter, but great works do not prosper without great opppostion
let us each and all realizing the importance of our influence on others |
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Definition
notes on nursing
notes on hospitals
cassandra
suggestions for thought
letters |
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Term
modern messages from Nightingale |
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Definition
important of basic nursing caring-healing practice
return of a sense of calling to the profession
public recognition of the importance of professional caring
importance of competency and commitment
importance of mind, body, spirit in health |
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Term
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Definition
sojurner truth-born into slavery, sold 3 times, nursed union sodiers
Dorothea Dix-known for efforts on behalf of mentally ill, superintendent of women nurses for military hospitals
Mary Ann Bickerdyke-served under fire in 19 battles(called mother)
Walt Whitman-untrained nurse, dressed wounds, cared for soldiers
Harriet Tubman-abolitionist, commended for caring for the wounded with regard for color
Clara Barton- instrumental in starting the American red cross
Louisa May Alcott-served as a volunteer nurse, wrote Hospital sketches describing the work of civil war nurses |
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Term
Nurses' associated alumnae of the United States and Canada
Isabel Hampton Robb-first president |
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Definition
Forerunner of the ANA (1911)
purposes(1897)
established a code of ethics
elevate the standards of nursing education
promote usefulnes and honor of the nursing profession
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Definition
1918-army school of nursing was organized with annie goodrich as the dean
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| epidemic of major proportions-doctors and nurses die |
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| english nurse in belgium who was executed by German soldiers for helping allied soldiers |
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Term
public health in the united states |
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Definition
Lilian wald- the house on henry street, tenement nursing
Mary Brewster
Mary Breckenridge |
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| cadet nurse corp established under the bolton act- provided tuition, uniforms, expenses for women who would enter nursing and upon completion of education serve in the military service |
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Definition
Hospital training schools were based on the Nightingale plan
1909 first university school of nursing at University of Minnesota
LPN role develops to meet shortage
1952 Mildred Montag develpoped technical based education for nurses with associates degrees
1965 ANA requires baccalaureate degrees |
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Term
Traditions in Nursing
Nursing program Ceremonies |
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Definition
the nursing pin
the nursing cap
the nursing uniform |
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