Term
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Definition
the oxygen-carrying pigment of red blood cells that gives them their red color and serves to convey oxygen to the tissues
Normal range:
Male: 13.5 - 17.5 g/dL
Female: 12.0 - 16.0 g/Dl
does not change due to volume +/- |
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Term
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Definition
The hematocrit is a test that measures the percentage of blood that is comprised of red blood cells
Normal range:
Male: 40 - 52 %
Female: 37 – 47%
will +/- due to volume changes |
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Term
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Definition
White blood cells help fight infections. They are also called leukocytes
Normal range adult: 4 - 11 K/UL |
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Term
| Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) |
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Definition
An indicator for diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance if elevated
Goal values:
Less than 100 mg/dL
110 – 125 mg/dL = impaired fasting glucose
Greater than 126 mg/dL = diabetes
This test requires a 12-hour fast. You should wait to eat and/or take a hypoglycemic agent (insulin or oral medication) until after test has been drawn, unless told otherwise. especially anti-coagulation medicine. |
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Term
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Definition
Reflects average blood sugar levels over the preceding 2 – 3 month period
Goal values:
Normal adult: less than 6.0%
Diabetic adult: less than 7.0%
-can be taken anytime w/o fasting, good for tracking trends of DM management/control. |
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Term
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Definition
is a test to determine how fast it takes for your blood to clot.
Usually when taking a "blood thinner," such as warfarin (Coumadin), the desired PT is about one and a half times the normal PT.
Normal range for an adult: 9.9 – 13 seconds |
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Term
| International Normalized Ratio (INR) |
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Definition
INR is tested for those on anticoagulant medications to prevent stroke, embolism and heart attack.
Normal level for an adult: 0.9 – 1.2.
The MD/practitioner will determine therapeutic range |
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Term
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Definition
Normal range:
Male: 135 – 146 mmol/L
Female: 132 – 148 mmol/L |
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Term
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Definition
Normal range adult:
1.6 – 2.4 mg/dL |
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Term
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Definition
Normal range adult:
3.5 – 5.0 mmol/L |
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Term
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Definition
The level of BNP in the blood increases when heart failure symptoms worsen, and decreases when the heart failure condition is stable.
BNP levels below 100 pg/mL indicate no heart failure
BNP levels of 100-300 suggest heart failure is present
BNP levels above 300 pg/mL indicate mild heart failure
BNP levels above 600 pg/mL indicate moderate heart failure.
BNP levels above 900 pg/mL indicate severe heart failure |
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Term
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Definition
Goal values:
75-169 mg/dL for those age 20 and younger
100-199 mg/dL for those over age 21 |
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Term
| High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) |
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Definition
"good" cholesterol, removes cholesterol from blood stream and transports it to the liver
Goal value for HDL:
Greater than 45 mg/dl for men and greater than 55 mg/dl for women |
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Term
| Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) |
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Definition
called "bad" cholesterol because it picks up cholesterol from the blood and takes it to the cells.
Goal values for LDL:
Less than or equal to 70 mg/dL for those with heart or blood vessel disease and for other patients at very high risk of heart disease
Less than or equal to 100 mg/dL for high risk patients (for example: some patients who have diabetes or multiple heart disease risk factors)
Less than 130 mg/dL for individuals who are at low risk for coronary artery disease |
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Term
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Definition
type of fat found in the blood.
The blood level of this type of fat is most affected by the foods you eat (such as sugar, fat or alcohol) but can also be high due to being overweight, having thyroid or liver disease and genetic conditions.
High levels of triglycerides are related to a higher risk of heart and blood vessel disease.
Goal value for Triglycerides:
Less than 150 mg/dl |
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Term
| Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT; also called SGPT) |
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Definition
: ALT is an enzyme that is measured to detect liver disease, hepatitis.
It may increase with use of some medications
Goal value:
5 – 50 U/L |
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Term
| Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST; also called SGOT |
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Definition
is an enzyme that is released into the bloodstream following injury or death of cells.
Increased AST is seen with liver disease, myocardial infarction (MI) and some medications
Goal value:
7 – 40 U/L |
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Term
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Definition
CK is an enzyme found in the heart and muscles.
Increased CK-MB is seen with heart muscle damage. Increased CK-MM is noted with skeletal muscle injury. Strenuous exercise, weight lifting, surgical procedures, high doses of aspirin and other medications can elevate CK.
Goal value:
30 – 220 U/L. |
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Term
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Definition
is a protein found in the blood and is related to contraction of the heart muscle. Troponin T is valuable for detecting heart muscle damage and risk
Goal value:
0.0 - 0.10 µg/mL
Preparation
This test may be measured any time of the day without fasting.
-levels return to normal 24 hours after MI |
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Term
| Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) |
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Definition
High levels of BUN can also be found in those on high-protein diets and/or with strenuous exercise.
Goal values:
Male: 10 – 25 mg/dl
Female: 8 – 25 mg/dl |
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Term
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Definition
An indicator of kidney function
Goal value:
0.7 – 1.4 mg/dl |
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Term
| Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) |
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Definition
Thyroid function tests help to determine if your thyroid is not working correctly
Normal range for an adult:
0.4 – 5.5 mU/ml
TSH high, thyroid is under producing. TSH low, thyroid over producing (negative feedback) |
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Term
| Sodium Bicarbonate (HCO3) |
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Definition
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Definition
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