Term
In the United States, access to health care usually depends on a client's ability to pay for health care, either through insurance or by paying cash. The client the nurse is caring for needs a liver transplant to survive. This client has been out of work for several months and does not have insurance or enough cash. A discussion about the ethics of this situation would involve predominately the principle of:
1. Accountability, because you as the nurse are accountable for the well-being of this client
2. Respect for autonomy, because this client's autonomy will be violated if he does not receive the liver transplant
3. Ethic of care, because the caring thing that a nurse could provide this client is resources for a liver transplant
4. Justice, because the first and greatest question in this situation is how to determine the just distribution of resources |
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Definition
| 2. Respect for autonomy, because this client's autonomy will be violated if he does not receive the liver transplant |
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Term
It may seem redundant that health care providers, including professional nurses, agree to “do no harm” to their clients. The point of this agreement is to reassure the public that in all ways the health care team will not only work to heal clients, they agree to do this in the least painful and harmful way possible. The principle that describes this agreement is called:
1. Beneficence
2. Accountability
3. Nonmaleficence
4. Respect for autonomy |
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Definition
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Term
A child's immunization may cause discomfort during administration, but the benefits of protection from disease, both for the individual and for society, outweigh the temporary discomforts. This involves the principle of:
1. Fidelity
2. Beneficence
3. Nonmaleficence
4. Respect for autonomy |
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Definition
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Term
If a nurse assesses a client for pain and then offers a plan to manage the pain, the principle that encourages the nurse to monitor the client's response to the plan is:
1. Fidelity
2. Beneficence
3. Nonmaleficence
4. Respect for autonomy |
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Definition
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Term
Nurses agree to be advocates for their clients. Practice of advocacy calls for the nurse to:
1. Seek out the nursing supervisor in conflicting situations
2. Document all clinical changes in the medical record in a timely manner
3. Work to understand the law as it applies to the client's clinical condition
4. Assess the client's point of view and prepare to articulate this point of view |
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Definition
| 4. Assess the client's point of view and prepare to articulate this point of view |
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Term
Successful ethical discussion depends on people who have a clear sense of personal values. When many people share the same values, it may be possible to identify a philosophy of utilitarianism, which proposes that:
1. The value of something is determined by its usefulness to society
2. The value of people is determined solely by leaders in the Unitarian Church
3. The decision to perform a liver transplant depends on a measure of the moral life that the client has led so far
4. The best way to determine the solution to an ethical dilemma is to refer the case to the attending physician or health care provider |
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Definition
| 1. The value of something is determined by its usefulness to society |
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Term
The philosophy sometimes called the ethic of care suggests that ethical dilemmas can best be solved by attention to:
1. Clients
2. Relationships
3. Ethical principles
4. Code of ethics for nurses |
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Definition
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Term
In most ethical dilemmas the solution to the dilemma requires negotiation among members of the health care team. The nurse's point of view is valuable because:
1. The principle of autonomy guides all participants to respect their own self-worth
2. Nurses have a legal license that encourages their presence during ethical discussions
3. Nurses develop a relationship to the client that is unique among all professional health care providers
4. The nurse's code of ethics recommends that a nurse be present at any ethical discussion about client care |
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Definition
| 3. Nurses develop a relationship to the client that is unique among all professional health care providers |
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Term
Ethical dilemmas often arise over a conflict of opinion. Once the nurse has determined that the dilemma is ethical, a critical first step in negotiating the difference of opinion would be to:
1. Consult a professional ethicist to ensure that the steps of the process occur in full
2. Gather all relevant information regarding the clinical, social, and spiritual aspects of the dilemma
3. Ensure that the attending physician or health care provider has written an order for an ethics consultation to support the ethics process
4. List the ethical principles that inform the dilemma so that negotiations agree on the language of the discussion |
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Definition
| 2. Gather all relevant information regarding the clinical, social, and spiritual aspects of the dilemma |
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Term
A nurse works on a cardiac unit. She is taking care of a client who recently had coronary bypass surgery. Which of the following represent legal sources of standards of care nurses use to deliver safe health care? (Choose all that apply.)
1. Information provided by the head nurse
2. Policies and procedures of the employing hospital
3. Nurse Practice Act of the state the nurse is working in
4. Regulations identified in The Joint Commission's manual
5. The American Nurses Association standards of nursing practice |
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Definition
#s 2-5
2. Policies and procedures of the employing hospital
3. Nurse Practice Act of the state the nurse is working in
4. Regulations identified in The Joint Commission's manual
5. The American Nurses Association standards of nursing practice |
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Term
A nurse is sued for failure to monitor a client appropriately. Which statements are correct about professional negligence lawsuits? (Choose all that apply.)
1. The nurse represents the plaintiff.
2. The defendant must prove injury, damage, or loss.
3. The person filing the lawsuit has the burden of proof.
4. The plaintiff must prove that a breach in the prevailing standard of care caused an injury. |
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Definition
3. The person filing the lawsuit has the burden of proof.
4. The plaintiff must prove that a breach in the prevailing standard of care caused an injury. |
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Term
When the nurse stops to help in an emergency at the scene of an accident, if the injured party files suit and the nurse's employing institution's insurance does not cover the nurse, the nurse would probably be covered by:
1. The nurse's automobile insurance
2. The nurse's homeowner's insurance
3. The Good Samaritan laws, which grant immunity from suit if there is no gross negligence
4. The Patient Care Partnership, which may grant immunity from suit if the injured party consents |
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Definition
| 3. The Good Samaritan laws, which grant immunity from suit if there is no gross negligence |
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Term
Even though the nurse may obtain the client's signature on a form, obtaining informed consent is the responsibility of the:
1. Client
2. Physician
3. Nursing student
4. Supervising nurse |
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Definition
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Term
The legal definition of death that facilitates organ donation is cessation of:
1. Pulse
2. Respirations
3. Functions of entire brain
4. Circulatory and respiratory functions |
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Definition
| 3. Functions of entire brain |
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Term
The nurse notes that an advance directive is on the client's medical record. Which of the following statements represents the best description of guidelines a nurse would follow?
1. A living will allows an appointed person to make health care decisions when the client is in an incapacitated state.
2. A living will is invoked only when the client has a terminal condition or is in a persistent vegetative state.
3. The client cannot make changes in the advance directive once admitted to the hospital.
4. A Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care is invoked only when the client has a terminal condition or is in a persistent vegetative state. |
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Definition
| 2. A living will is invoked only when the client has a terminal condition or is in a persistent vegetative state. |
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Term
A nurse notes that the health care unit keeps a listing of the client names at the front desk in easy view for health care providers to more efficiently locate the client. The nurse knows that this action would be a violation of:
1. Mental Health Parity Act
2. Patient Self-Determination Act
3. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
4. Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act |
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Definition
| 3. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act |
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Term
Which of the following statements represent actions that may result in a registered nurse's receiving either disciplinary action by the nurse's State Board of Nursing or revocation of the nurse's professional license? (Choose all that apply.)
1. Taking or selling controlled substances
2. Assisting with physician-assisted suicide
3. Reporting suspected abuse and neglect of children
4. Applying physical restraints without a written physician's order |
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Definition
| 1. Taking or selling controlled substances and 4. Applying physical restraints without a written physician's order |
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Term
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) provides clients basic rights pertaining to their medical records. Which statement reflects a violation of HIPAA?
1. Discussing client conditions in the nursing report room at the change of shift
2. Allowing nursing students to review client charts before caring for clients to whom they are assigned
3. Posting daily nursing care information along with the medical condition of the client on a message board in the client's room
4. Releasing client information regarding terminal illness to family when the client has given permission for information to be shared |
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Definition
| 3. Posting daily nursing care information along with the medical condition of the client on a message board in the client's room |
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Term
The nurse must follow standards of care to avoid potential litigation and suits of negligence. Which of the following statements represents a potential nursing malpractice situation? (Choose all that apply.)
1. Failure to make a nursing diagnosis
2. Failure to provide discharge instructions
3. Failure to follow the six rights of medication administration
4. Failure to use proper medical equipment ordered for client monitoring
5. Failure to question a health care provider about appropriateness of a client order |
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Definition
alls #s 1-5 1. Failure to make a nursing diagnosis
2. Failure to provide discharge instructions
3. Failure to follow the six rights of medication administration
4. Failure to use proper medical equipment ordered for client monitoring
5. Failure to question a health care provider about appropriateness of a client order |
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