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Nur 171 Final Exam
1-5 exams
133
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
12/08/2015

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
RN Baccalaureate
Definition
4 yrs at university
Term
Who did self care deficit nursing, goal is to help client attain total self care
Definition
Dorothea Orem
Term
The Nurse Practice Act
Definition
establishes the scope of practice for each level of nurse
Term
What war did Florence Nightingale do her most famous work?
Definition
Crimean War
Term
What is the purpose of the NLN?
Definition
it sets standards and rules in nursing education
Term
A responsible nurse is?
Definition
caring for several patients
Term
EBP
Definition
uses the best evidence from during rehear studies and patient care data, it also considers the patients preference and values
Term
Capitation
Definition
payment system used by health maintenance organizations (HMO)
Term
Medicare
Definition
federal government health insurance program for people older than 65 years or those with certain disabilities or conditions
Term
What entity covers or absorbs the cost when client is discharged later than the calculated discharge date?
Definition
the hospital absorbs the cost if the patient is in the hospital longer than the time allowed.
Term
primary nursing care
Definition
one nurse care for a patient
Term
Issues that the ACA was designed to address
Definition
cost containment (budget has doubled)
small business premiums (huge premiums)
preexisting condition (people with previous injury)
lifetime benefit caps (huge medical bills)
Term
when addressing the economics of healthcare what factors help guide decisions?
Definition
medical necessity and the appropriate level of care
Term
Know the guide lines regarding coverage for care received in a SNF?
Definition
patient must be hospitalized for at least 3 days prior to admission
patient must enter the nursing home within 30 days of hospitalization
there is a 100 day stay maximum pre year related to any one hospitalization and diagnosis
patient must be making regular progress as documented by the medical professionals
Term
Hospice
Definition
appropriate time for hospice care is when the patient is no longer seeking medical treatment to arrest or cure the disease and is expected to live 6 months or less
treated with medication and other measures to relieve pain and remain comfortable
Term
public heath insurance
Definition
public health insurance is funded by the government, either state or federal, or combination of both.
Examples: Medicare, Medicaid, and Indian Health Service
Term
Who supervises the LPN?
Definition
physician, dentist, or RN
Term
negligence
Definition
failure to provide certain care that another person of the same education and locale would generally provide under the same circumstance. fails to see responsibility to the patient.
Term
malpractice
Definition
Injury, loss or damage to a patient because of failure to provide a reasonable standard of care or demonstrate a reasonable level of skill. fails to meet professional standards of care and injures patient
Term
assault
Definition
to purposely threaten physical harm to an individual
Term
advocate
Definition
for a patient means to stand for that which is in the patients best invest, as opposed to that which is in the best interest of the physical hospital or coworker
Term
ADPIE
Definition
assessment: gathering info though s/s, patient history, and objective findings
diagnosis: nursing diagnosis related to the needs or problems the patient is experiencing
planning: process of determine protease and what nursing actions should be preformed to help resolve or manage each patient
implementation: process of taking action to resolve the patients problems ( working phase)
evaluation: achieving the goals and outcomes set in the planning steps
Term
3 parts of the nursing diagnosis
Definition
PES
problem: diagnostic concept or label based on the patients needs
etiology: what causes and is conned to the diagnostic label by the words “related to.”
s/s include data collected and evidence used to support the diagnostic label. “as evidenced by”
Term
Define dependent, independent and collaborative interventions and know their application
Definition
dependent: requires a health-care provider order
independent: provide the intervention without consulting anyone else. no physician order
collaborative: involve working with other health-care professional in the hospital setting
Term
Multidisciplinary Care Plan
Definition
another type of care plan frequently used in the hospital. it includes choices of different nursing diagnoses with options the nurse may select in order to individualize the patient care
Term
use open-ended question or statements
Definition
encourages elaboration and discourages answering questions with one or two word. “tell me more about..”
Term
Intimate personal space zone
Definition
physical contact to 18inches
Term
downward communication
Definition
giving info to someone below you, and side to side
Term
types of aphasia
Definition
aphasia: inability to speak or understand language
expressive aphasia, say: disturbance in speech planning and speech production
receptive aphasia, said: deficit in auditory comprehension or in receiving information. can hear but not understand
global aphasia, both: deficit of planning, production, and comprehension of language. can speak and understand only a few words
Term
Cerebral Cortex
Definition
controls sensory perception and sentry interpretation in which are necessary in communication process
Term
directive interview
Definition
closed ended questions
finding out specifics
Term
active listening
Definition
all the senses to interpret verbal and nonverbal messages
attention is paid to what the speakers saying but also to that the speaker is not saying
main focuses on the interaction and detects feeling as well as spoken words
you respond to the content heard in the message, share your perceptions, and state as feedback what you, as listener, understand was said by the speaker
Term
acute illness
Definition
strikes suddenly and lasts for a limited time
Term
chronic has gradual one, lasts for 6 months or longhand is characterized by intensifying or improving symptoms
Definition
Term
remission
Definition
periods of worsening symptoms
Term
exacerbation
Definition
periods of worsening symptoms
Term
GAS theory
Definition
another name for exhaustion phase, because it describes the body’s attempt to adapt to the stressors we encounter.
general adaptation syndrome
Term
Define the phases/stages of stress
Definition
stressor: any stress-inducing event, can include a physical, emotional, pleasant, or unpleasant occurrence
adaptation: is the ability to positively adjust to changes that occur in an individual world
alarm phase: when we are stressed, our body responds with the flight or fight response
resistance phase: if stressor continues in our life and we do not find positive ways of relieving it, our bodies get stuck in that fight-or flight response, producing high levels of cortisol and other stress hormones. the body works hard trying to resist the threats of stress and to keep working efficiently to prevent illness. can continue for weeks, months, or years
exhaustion phase: when our bodies cannot keep up the pace of dealing with stressors and fighting off illness. when the body’s resources are depleted and we are most vulnerable to physical and psychological disease.
Term
Phases of Illness
Definition
prodromal phase: they may simple “not feel good” with generalized body aches and fatigue
symptomatic phase: observable phase develop- sore throat and congestion, or a rash with a fever. they can wait and see if they symptoms go away, treat with OTC meds, or home remedies, or seek advice from friends
seeking help phase: seeking help from a medical professional, such as a physician, physician assistant, or nurse practitioner. some may seek healers, herbalist. once they have gotten help they must decide to follow advice or recommended treatment, or to seek help elsewhere
dependency phase: a person relies on others for help in diagnosis and treatment. as the nurse you are often the one whom patient s must depend in during this phase.
recovery phase: when a person is slowly able to resume independence and regain his or her health
ppl with chronic illness often remain in the dependency phase because complete recovery is NOT possible.
Term
culture
Definition
the way of life that distinguishes a particular group of pool from other groups
Term
culture sensitivity
Definition
means that you provide care to the patient and show respect for and incorporate the patients specific cultural believes and values into your nursing care
Term
Know how to complete an interview with a client who has ESL
Definition
se an interpreter that is trained and not a family member or a small child b/c of the potential nature of the info that needs to be communicated
Term
Define health promotion and list examples
Definition
health promotion: includes information about ways to stay healthy
examples: getting regular exercise, making healthy food choices, drinking enough water, and including adequate about of fiber, vitamins, and minerals in diet
Term
Define illiterate and functionally illiterate
Definition
illiterate: cannot read or write
functionally illiterate: can sign name, do simple math, and read books at or below 5th grade level
Term
Know the guidelines for utilizing handouts
Definition
keep handout at about a 5th grade reading level so that all patients can understand them
write in short simple sentences
if medical terms must be used, they should be clearly defined
Term
deficient knowledge
Definition
used when the patience is lacking knowledge about the disease process or management of the diseases including diagnostic testing, medicaments and treatment.
Term
readiness for enhanced learning
Definition
used when the patient has some basic knowledge about the illness and is ready further teaching
Term
Know which internet websites are recommended
Definition
preferred sites for health-care info end in .org, ,gov, and ,edu
use familiar sites with accurate information, web MD, and PDRhealth
Term
Know the guidelines for teaching the elderly
Definition
have caregiver or family member present during teaching
allow plenty of time for teaching so that your elderly patient doesn't feel rushed
be alert to cues that he elderly patent doesn't understand the teaching
be very patient with elderly learning
use plenty of reparation without getting frustrated
Term
Which test requires you to be NPO
Definition
endoscopy,fasting blood glucose, and barium enema
Term
amber color urine
Definition
dehydration
Term
specific gravity to urine is
Definition
1.001 to 1.029
Term
increase of lymphocytes
Definition
means a viral infection or an allergic condition
Term
barium enema
Definition
make sure to drink a bunch of fluid
stools will be white until barium is eliminated
Term
femoral arteriogram
Definition
pressure must be maintained on the needle insertion site
pt should be kept on bed rest for 6-8 hours
keep leg straight
assess CR, color, temp.
Term
application of leads for telemetry monitoring
Definition
white to the right: white goes on right upper chest
clouds over grass: white on right upper chest, green on right lower chest
smoke over fire: black on left upper chest, red on left lower chest
brown is ground: brown goes in the middle of the chest
or/ R and L upper chest near the shoulders are used for arm lead placements
lower limb are placed on the lower ribs towards the patients sides
ground wire is placed on the center of chest
Term
CT with contrast dye
Definition
ask the patient if they are allergic to iodine, shellfish, radiopaque or any contrast medium.
make sure to check their kidneys so they can get rid of dye
Term
leukopenia
Definition
penia: means low
leukopenia low WBC count
Term
CHF( congestive heart failure)
Definition
b-tupe natriuretic peptide
Term
MRI
Definition
produces slices of the site, allowing images of the organs and tissues at all depths
Term
humidification of oxygen
Definition
only used for oxygen delivery over 4L/min
Term
NC (nasal cannula)
Definition
pt can more easily eat and talk with it in place
Term
face tent
Definition
used for pt who feel claustrophobic. allows for high amounts of humidity to be used. not precise
Term
venturi mask
Definition
allow a precise m ix of room air and oxygen to equal a specific percentage of oxygen. give an exact control of inspired oxygen.
Term
oxygen toxicity
Definition
from O2 concentrations that are treated than 50% and used longer than 48 hr to 72 hrs
Term
sputum specimen
Definition
we need 30mL, we do it first thing in the morning,and after breathing treatment to make sure we have enough
Term
Artificial oral airway
Definition
used to hold tongue, for the unconscious patient
Term
yellow/green sputum
Definition
bacterial infection
Term
pink, frothy, bubbly fluid
Definition
condition pulmonary edema
Term
pH of blood
Definition
7.35-7.45 slightly alkaline
Term
huffing
Definition
on 4th inhalation, cough during exhalation to be most effective you should cough 3 time during one exhalation. this helps bring the mucus up from the deep in the airways and move it up and out.
Term
fecal impaction
Definition
blockage of the movement of contents through the intestine by a bulk mass of very hard stool
Term
guaiac
Definition
check for occult (hidden blood)
Term
continent ostomy (stoma)
Definition
a flap is formed the closes the reservoir preventing leakage of the thin, watery effluent. several times a day, patient inserts s cath to drain the reservoir
Term
hypertonic enema
Definition
is used for cleansing
Term
irrigating a colostomy
Definition
we train the bowel
Term
what to do when the stoma is white
Definition
notify the doctor
Term
fecal incontinence
Definition
muscle tone of the smooth muscles of the GI tract and the control to the two rectal sphincters both decrease which causes fecal incontinence and constipation
Term
hyperactivity
Definition
diarrhea
Term
high enema
Definition
give enema when patient is in L semis then sure them supine then on their R side to get enema disturbed through the colon
Term
Malena
Definition
dark, tarry blood, high in GI system, old blood
Term
clean catch
Definition
use a sterile cup
Term
24 hr urine collection
Definition
have the patient void
Term
functional incontinence
Definition
occurs when the person is unable to reach a bathroom to urinate
Term
anuria
Definition
the absence of urine or minimal urine
Term
Kegel exercises
Definition
it strengthens lower muscles
Term
contient urostomy
Definition
pouch created from intestine, ureter empty into pouch. can self cath to empty the bladder
Term
purpose for the medical record
Definition
to sever as a record of accountability for quality assurance accreditation and reimbursement purposes
Term
guidelines that maintain a legally defensible record
Definition
sign each entry with first initial last name and credentials, make sure the patients name is on each page
Term
benefits of a source oriented record
Definition
using specific forms for each, with each section designated by a labeled tab
Term
progress notes
Definition
shows how the patient responded
Term
joint commission
Definition
they make sure that there is documentation the patient responds to the treatment
Term
who owns the chart
Definition
the facility owns the original chart, but the patient owns the info inside the chart
Term
SOPIER
Definition
used in progress notes, subjective, objective, assessment, plan intervention, evaluation, revision
Term
complete postmortem care
Definition
document the time the respiration and heartbeat cease before you preform care. bath body, and if autopsu is not to be done remove tubing such as f/c and IV line. roll a small washcloth and place under chin if moth will not close.
Term
palliative care
Definition
notintened to cure the patients disease, may include advance aggressive interventions.
Term
dehydration affects the dying client
Definition
adds comfort to dying patient
increase endorphins, decrease fine, gastric fluid, pulmonary secretions, edema, and pain
Term
living will
Definition
written document prepared by a mentally competent patient, indicating which procedures and measures the patient does or does not want.
Term
leaving against medical advice
Definition
have them sing a AMA form
Term
transfer within facility
Definition
need dr order, explain reason for transfer, reconcile patients meds, gather personal belongings, complete transferee summary form, phone a full report of patients condition to new nurse, doc time of transfer,
Term
clients experience separation anxiety
Definition
children and older adults
Term
found on an ID bracelet
Definition
name, room number, hospital number, age, dob, dr name, allergies
Term
medication reconciliation
Definition
one of the most important discharge responsibilities.
Term
palpation
Definition
assessment with touch, feeling skin and temp
Term
erythematous
Definition
redness of a designated site, normally a sign of inflammation due to increase circulation the inflamed site
Term
scoliosis
Definition
profound lateral curve
Term
Kussmauls
Definition
abnormally deep and rapid respirations, rhythm regular, blow off CO2.
Term
Rub
Definition
grating, creaking sound that is due to inflamed, edematous pleural surfaces rubbing together during breathing
Term
stridor
Definition
immediately get the physician
Term
how often do we do vital signs?
Definition
q4 hrs if something is abnormal, every 1 hour if temp is abnormal
Term
accommodation
Definition
watching a finger or a penlight
Term
aphasia
Definition
patient knows what they want to say but cannot say he words
Term
dysphasis
Definition
has difficulty coordinating and organizing the words correctly
Term
how to assess for edema
Definition
over a bony prominence with your fingertip and hold for approximately 2 sec
Term
cardia patients
Definition
extensive heat application can result in massive vasodilation to the superficial skin and subcutaneous layer, depriving major organs.
Term
aquathermia pads
Definition
can be used continuously
Term
asess for heat
Definition
age, cognitive function, and impairment of circulation
Term
cold therapy
Definition
need a dr order, generally accepted that cold pack may be applied to new localized injuries seen in the ER.
Term
prevention of edema (cold)
Definition
treatment of choice for injuries that sweet. first 48-72 hrs.
Term
temp for older people
Definition
90-100
Term
when a cold pack has been on too long
Definition
a burning sensation
Term
Sitz bath
Definition
see if they had one before, and who the tolerated it.
Term
contusion
Definition
a closed, discolored wound cause by blunt trauma, bruise
Term
abrasion
Definition
superficial open wound which include scrapes, scratches, or rem-type wounds where the skin is broken such as a carpet or a skinned knee
Term
Lacerations
Definition
open wound made by the accidental cutting or tearing of tissue. jagged edges often making closure of the wound more difficult and less aesthetically pleasing
Term
sinus tracts
Definition
channel or tunnel that develops between two cavities or between an infected cavity and the surface of the skin
Term
reconstruction phase
Definition
proliferation phase, occurs when the wound begins to heal, and lasts for 21 days the process of healing begins with the presence of fibroblasts in the wound. they produce collagen, as new tissue begins to grow and fill in the wound it looks red and semitransparent.
Term
first intention
Definition
wound is clean with little tissue loss the edges are approximated and wound is sutured closed
Term
sharp debridement
Definition
sterile scissors and forceps used to cut away dead tissues
Term
stage 4 bed sore
Definition
full thickness tissues lost only it involves deep tissues necrosis of muscle, fascia, tendon, join capsule, and sometimes bone.
Term
most environment dressing
Definition
hydrocolloid used on wounds with minimal drainage and on dry clean wounds. it absorbs excess fluid from the wound while still holding moisture
Term
how to reinforce a dressing
Definition
outline with a pen, initial, date and time. add another ABD dressing
Term
evisceration
Definition
sterile dressing soaked with normal saline
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