Term
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Definition
Supplies the body with oxygen
eliminates carbon dioxide |
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Term
| The actual transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in the ______ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The lungs start above the clavicle |
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Term
| The right lung is _________ than the left |
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Definition
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Term
Landmarks for the Thoracic cage
ANTERIOR |
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Definition
Angle of Louis
Midsternal lines
Midclavicular lines
Anterior axillary lines |
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Term
Landmarks for the Thoracic cage
POSTERIOR |
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Definition
Seventh cervical vertebra
Midspinal line (vertebral line)
Midscapular lines
Posterior axillary lines |
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Term
Landmarks for the Thoracic cage
LATERAL |
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Definition
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Term
| Lung Health History always include |
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Definition
Onset (date, sudden or gradual)
Duration
Frequency
Precipitating factors
Aggravating or alleviating Factors
Treatment/self-care
Outcome |
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Term
|
Definition
Allergies
Tobacco use
Medications including aerosols or inhalants
Screening tests i.e. Pulmonary Functions Test (PFT)
Nutritional data
Exercise patterns
How many pillows they sleep with |
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Term
|
Definition
Cough
Sputum production
Shortness of Breath
Chest Pain |
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Term
|
Definition
Respiratory Infections or Disease
Trauma - airbag, seatbelts
Surgery
Chronic Conditions - malignancy |
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Term
|
Definition
TB
COPD
Lung Cancer
Asthma
Employment history
Recent Travels
Hobbies
IMMUNIZATIONS (pneumovac |
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Term
|
Definition
Diaphragm descends during inspiration causing negative pressure
Negative pressure draws air from atmosphere |
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Term
| Air passes into alveoli to __________ body tissue |
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Definition
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Term
| End of inspiration: Muscles relax, lungs _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| Lung pressure is ______ than atmospheric pressure, "Dirty" air leaves lungs into the atmosphere |
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Definition
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Term
| Expiration is a ________ process |
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Definition
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Term
| Assessment of Respiratory system |
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Definition
Requires stethoscope
pt. is sitting during the posterior and lateral assessment
Supine for Anterior assessment |
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Term
|
Definition
Inspection
Palpation
Percussion (Advanced)
Auscultation |
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Term
|
Definition
Measure and assess pattern of respirations, specifically, RATE, RHYTHM, EFFORT, and DEPTH
Assess skin, color, condition, lessons, including nail beds and lips
Thoracic Configuration, AP diameter, abnormalities i.e. barrel chest
Anterior Posterior : Lateral - 1:2 |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Tachypenea vs. bradypenea |
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Definition
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Term
| Hyperventilation or Kussmaul |
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Definition
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Term
| Periodic or Cheyne- Stokes respirations |
|
Definition
| regular breathing with deep fast respirations followed by apnea |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Can not breath while laying down |
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Term
|
Definition
Assess for tenderness, pulsations, masses or skin lesions
Assess thoracic expansion
Asses tactile freitus- feel it stronger between the scapula
Assess tracheal position |
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Term
|
Definition
Purpose: to determine lung position and size
Detect the presence of air, liquids, or solids within the lungs
Percussion tone is RESONANCE
flat- percuss over bone
tympany- air
hyperresonance- lung with excessive air, COPD lung
dullness- Lung with fluid or tumor
Assessment by percussion is completed in a systemic pattern over the anterior and posterior thorax noting:
Intensity
Pitch
Duration
Quality |
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Term
|
Definition
Bronchial
Bronchialvesicular
Vesicular |
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Term
|
Definition
Sternal angle or Angle of Louis 2nd ribs
Have pt. breath slowly through mouth
listen for one COMPLETE respiratory cycle |
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Term
Adventitious breath sounds
CRACKLES |
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Definition
Discontinuous breath sounds
Course: LOW PITCH, bubbly, moist sounding, early inspiration to early expiration
Fine: HIGH PITCH, pop, generally only heard during inspiration |
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|
Term
Adventitious Breath Sounds
WHEEZES |
|
Definition
Continuous sounds.
Whistle like
EXPIRATION |
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|
Term
Adventitious Breath Sounds
PLEURAL FRICTION RUB |
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Definition
Continuous sounds
Sounds like a crackle, but during INSPIRATION and EXPIRATION
can be caused by dehydration |
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Term
|
Definition
pH: 7.35-7.45
PCO2: 35-45
HCO2: 22-27
PO2: 80-100
O2: 95-100% |
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Term
| Physiologic changes with aging |
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Definition
Elderly have decreased mobility of the thorax
Decrease ability to cough and expectorate, less vigorous cough
Increase risk of pneumonia |
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Term
| A ___________ provides information regarding the anatomic location and appearance of the lungs |
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Definition
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Term
| a __________ removes fluid or air from the pleural space via a transthoracic aspiration |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Monitor vitals
Monitor respiratory status
apply pressure dressing and assess puncture site for bleeding and crepitus
monitor for signs of pneumothorax |
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Term
| A ______________ is a direct visual examination of the larynx trachea, and bronchi with a fiber optic bronchoscope. Pt. is sedated during procedure |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Include a number of different tests used to evaluate lung mechanics, gas exchange, and acid-base disturbance through spirometric measurements, lung volumes, and arterial blood gasses. |
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