Term
| What variant of cytosine plays an important role in gene regulation and its presence results in gene silencing? |
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Definition
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Term
| All nucleic acid sequences are written in what direction? |
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Definition
5' to 3'
Unless designated or preceeded by 5' or 3' |
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Term
The ratio of purines to pyrimidines
The ratio of adenine residues to thymine
The ratio of guanine residues to cytosine are all what? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHat type of DNA can recognize various DNA proteins (regulatory proteins) |
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Definition
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Term
| The screw sense is right-handed for what two helix types of DNA? |
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Definition
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Term
| The screw sense is left-handed for what type of DNA helix type? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many base pairs per turn of helix does A-DNA have? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many base pairs per turn of helix does B-DNA have? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many base-pairs per turn of helix does Z-DNA have? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is one of the main stabilizing forces of DNA |
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Definition
| Hydrophobic Interactions among the bases |
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Term
| In regards to the "zipper model" what bonds are easier to break A & T or G & C? |
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Definition
| A & T ( only 2 hydrogen bonds) |
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Term
| When 50% of molecule is single stranded 50% doublee this is the ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Melting temp directly proportional to ? content of the DNA |
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Definition
G-C
(The greater the G-C content the higher the Tm) |
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Term
| ? is a location in a genome where a short nucleotide sequence is organized as a tandem repeat. These can be found on many chromosomes, and often showvariations in length between individuals. Each variant acts as an inherited allele, allowing them to be used for personal or parental identification. |
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Definition
| VNTR (Variable Number tandem Repeat) |
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Term
| The shorter Alu or ? repetitive DNA are specialized for uncoupling intrachromosomal gene conversion while the longer ? repetitive DNA are specialized for uncoupling interchromosomal gene conversion. In both cases, the interspersed repeats block gene conversion by inserting regions of non-homology within otherwise similar DNA sequences. |
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Definition
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Term
| What strand is synthesized in the same direction as fork movement? |
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Definition
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Term
| What strand is synthesized in the opposite direction as fork movement? |
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Definition
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Term
| DNA replication requires a DNA template; Mg++; all 4 dNTPs; ATP; many proteins; RNA primers; and most importantly ? |
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Definition
| DNA-dependent DNA polymerases |
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Term
| Unidirectional growth of single strands from two origins is a special case found in? |
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Definition
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Term
| All mature tRNA must end in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most highly modified RNA species? |
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Definition
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Term
| ? is an enzyme that adds DNA sequence repeats ("TTAGGG" in all vertebrates) to the 3' end of DNA strands in the telomere regions, which are found at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. This region of repeatednucleotide called telomeres contains non-coding DNA material and prevents constant loss of important DNA from chromosome ends. As a result, every time thechromosome is copied only 100-200 nucleotides are lost, which causes no damage to the organism's DNA. Telomerase is a reverse transcriptase that carries its ownRNA molecule, which is used as a template when it elongates telomeres, which are shortened after eachreplication cycle. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Eukaryotes begin with RNA primer with ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Leading and lagging strand polymerization in Prokaryotes are both done by ? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is used for DNA polymerization in eukaryotes for the leading strand? |
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Definition
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Term
| What forms the okazaki fragments in the lagging strand for eukaryotes? |
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Definition
| subunit of DNA polymerase alpha |
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Term
| What removes RNA primers in bacteria and fills it in with DNA? |
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Definition
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Term
| In eukaryotes RNA primers are removed using 2 different enzymes. ? will chew away and remove nucleotide primers leaving a single RNA ribonucleotide. Then the second enzyme will come in to remove the last RNA nucleotide. This enzyme is called? |
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Definition
RNase H
Flap endonuclease or FEN1 |
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Term
| What fills in the gaps in Eukaryotes? |
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Definition
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Term
| And in both bacteria and eukaryotes ? then FINALLY fills in the small 3' to 5' gaps where u can make a final 3' to 5' phosphodiester bond. |
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Definition
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