Term
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Definition
| increase in the number of cells of a tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| conversion of one type of cell of mature cell into another type of cell |
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Term
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Definition
| bizarre cell growth resulting in cells that differ in size, shape or arrangement |
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Term
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Definition
| cells that lack normal cellular characteristics, malignant |
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Term
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Definition
| uncontrolled cell growth that follows no physiological need |
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Term
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Definition
| malignant cancerous cells |
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Term
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Definition
- reducing the risks of disease thru health promotion
- avoid carcinogens
- dietary changes
- lifestyle changes - smoking cessation
- patient public education campaigns
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Term
| Secondary Prevention is ? |
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Definition
- promote screening and early detection activities
- breast /testicular self exams
- pap test
- mammograms
- digital rectal exams
- psa blood test
- ID patients of high risk cancer
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Term
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Definition
- determine presence of tumor
- id metastasis of disease
- evalutea function of involved organs
- biopsy tissues
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- diagnostic surgery
- Sx as primary tx
- prophylactic sx
- palliative sx
- reconstructive sx
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Term
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Definition
- use of ionizing radiation to interrupt the growth of malignant cells
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Term
| Administration of Radiation therapy ? |
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Definition
- external radiation
- external beam radiation therapy (ebrt)
- stereotactic body radiotherapy(sbrt)
- internal radiation - brachytherapy
- intraluminal brachytherapy
- intracavitary radioisotopes
- interstitial implants
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Term
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Definition
- alopecia
- stomatitis - inflammation of the oral tissue
- xerostomia - dryness of the mouth
- leukopenia - ↓ wbc
- thrombocytopenia - ↓ platelets
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Term
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Definition
- use of medications to kill tumor cells by interfering with cellular functions and reproduction
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Term
| cell cycle-specific agents are ? |
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Definition
- chemo that are specific to certain phases of the cell cycle
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Term
| cell cycle-non specific is ? |
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Definition
- chemo that act independently of the cell cycle phases
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Term
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Definition
- ability to damage soft tissue if they inadvertently leak from a vein
- classified as:
- nonvesicant - mild discomfort
- irritant - induce inflammtory response
- vesicant - cause necrosis, tissue damage
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Term
| Chemotherapy toxicity is ? |
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Definition
- N/V
- Stomatitis - inflammation of oral tissues
- mucositis - inflammation of the gi tract
- diarrhea
- myelosuppression - depression of bone marrow
- renal/cardiac/reprod/cns damage
- fatigue
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Term
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Definition
- abnormally low absolute neutrophil count
- ↓ granulocytes
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Types of bone marrow transplants are ? |
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Definition
- allogeneic - donor
- autologus - from the pt
- syngeneic - from twin
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Term
| Graft -versus-tumor effect ? |
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Definition
- donor cells recognize the malignant cells and act to eliminate them
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Term
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Definition
- cancer tx that seek to minimize the negative effects on healthy tissues by disrupting specific cancer cell functions
- biologic response modifier
- nonspecific biologic response modifier
- monoclonal antibodies
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Term
| Biologic response modifier is ? |
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Definition
- use of agents or treatment methods that can alter the immunologic relationship between the tumor and the host to provide a therapeutic benefit
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Term
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Definition
- substances produced by cells of the immune system to enhance the production and functioning of components of the immune system
- interferons - antiviral/antitumor
- interleukins - lymphokines monokines
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- autologus vaccines - made from pts own cancer cells
- allogeneic vaccines - obtained from other people
- prophylactic vaccines - to prevent
- therapeutic vaccines - to kill existing cancer cells
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Term
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Definition
- tumor directed - suicide gene into tumor cell
- active immunotherapy - invoke antitumor responses
- adoptive immunotherapy - cause tumor destruction
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Term
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Definition
- anorexia
- malaborption
- cachexia - loss of all body tissues
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Term
| Complications from cancer ? |
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Definition
- infection
- septic shock
- bleeding/hemorrhage
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Term
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Definition
- lowest ANC after myelosuppressive chemo or radiation that suppress bone marrow production
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Term
| Oncologic emergencies are ? |
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Definition
- superior vena cava syndrome
- spinal cord compression
- hypercalcemia
- pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade
- DIC
- SIADH
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Term
| Superior Vena Cava Syndrome is ? |
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Definition
- compression or invasion of the SVC by tumor
- s/s include
- sob, cough, hoarsness chest pain, facial swelling
- edema of neck, arms, hands, thorax
- JVD of neck arms head
- ICP
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Term
| Spinal Cord Compression ? |
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Definition
- compression of the cord and its nerves
- s/s include
- back neck pain
- neurologic function
- motor loss
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Term
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Definition
- when calcium released from the bones is more than the kidneys can excrete or the bones can reabsorb
- s/s include
- ↑ 11mg
- fatigue
- weakness
- confusion
- N/V
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Term
| Pericardial Effusion is ? |
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Definition
- accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space
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Term
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Definition
- occurs when the accumulation compresses the heart and thereby impedes expansion of the ventricles
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Term
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Definition
- disseminated intravascular coagulation
- aka consumption coagulopathy
- comples disorder of coagulation or fribrinolysis(destruction of clots) which results in thrombosis or bleeding
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Term
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Definition
- the continuous uncontrolled release of ADH, produced by tumor cells (fluid volume increases)
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Term
| Tumor lysis syndrome is ? |
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Definition
- potentially fatal complication associated with radiation, chemo induced cell destruction of large rapidly growing cancers
- leads to electrolyte imbalances d/t kidneys can no longer excrete large volumes of metabolites
- hyperkalemia
- hypocalcemia
- hyperphosphatemia
- hyperuricemia
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