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NSU - Adult Psychopathology
Glossary - Chapter 8
28
Psychology
Graduate
10/04/2007

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Term
Abreaction
Definition
A process by which repressed material, particularly a painful experience or a conflict, is brought back to consciousness; in this process, the person not only recalls, but also relives the repressed material, which is accompanied by the appropriate affective response.
Term
Abstract Thinking
Definition
Thinking characterized by the ability to grasp the essentials of a whole, to break a whole into parts, and to discern common properties. To think symbolically.
Term
Abulia
Definition
Reduced impulse to act and to think, associated with neurological deficit, depression, ans schizophrenia.
Term
Acalcula
Definition
Loss of ability to do calculations; not caused by anxiety or impairment in concentration. Occurs with neurological deficit and learning disorder.
Term
Acataphasia
Definition
Disordered speech in which statements ar incorrectly formulated. Patients may express themselves with words that sound like the ones intended, but are not appropriate to the thoughts or they may use totally inappropriate expressions.
Term
Acathexis
Definition
Lack of feeling associated with an ordinarily emotionally charged subject; in psychoanalysis, it denotes the patient's detaching or transferring of emotion from thoughts and ideas. Also called decathexis. Occurs in anxiety, dissociative, schizophrenic, and bipolar disorders.
Term
Acenesthesia
Definition
Loss of sensations of physical existence.
Term
Acrophobia
Definition
Dread of high places.
Term
Acting Out
Definition
Behavioral response to an unconscious drive or impulse that brings about temporary partial relief of inner tension; relief is attained by reacting to a present situation as if it were the situation that originally gave rise to the drive or impulse. Common in borderline states.
Term
Aculalia
Definition
Nonsense speech associated with marked impairment of comprehension. Occurs in mania, schizophrenia, and neurological deficit.
Term
Adiadochokinesia
Definition
Inability to perform rapid alternating movements. Occurs with neurological deficit and cerebellar lesions
Term
Adynamia
Definition
Weakness and fatigability, characteristic of neurasthenia and depression.
Term
Aerophagia
Definition
Excessive swallowing of air. Seen in anxiety disorder
Term
Affect
Definition
The subjective and immediate experience of emotion attached to ideas or mental representations of objects. Affect has outward manifestations that can be classified as restricted, blunted, flattened, broad, labile, appropriate, or inappropriate. See also Mood
Term
Ageusia
Definition
Lack or impairment of the sense of taste. Seen in DDepression and neurological deficit.
Term
Aggression
Definition
Forceful, goal-directed action that can be verbal or physical; the motor counterpart of the affect of rage, anger or hostility. Seen in a neurological deficit, temporal lobe disorder, impulse-control disorders, mania, and schizophrenia.
Term
Agitation
Definition
Severe anxiety associated with motor restlessness.
Term
Agnosia
Definition
Inability to understand the importance or significance of sensory stimuli; cannot be explained by a defect in sensory pathways or cerebral lesion; the term has also been used to refer to the selective loss or disuse of knowledge of specific objects because of emotional circumstances, as seen in certain schizophrenic, anxious, and depressed patients. Occurs with neurological deficit.
Term
Agoraphobia
Definition
Morbid fear of open places or leaving the familiar setting of the home. May be present with or without panic attacks.
Term
Agraphia
Definition
Loss or impairment of a previously possessed ability to write.
Term
Ailurophobia
Definition
Dread of cats.
Term
Akathisia
Definition
Subjective feeling of motor restlessness manifested by a compelling need to be in constant movement; may be seen as an extrapyramidal adverse effect of antipsychotic medication. May be mistaken for psychotic agitation.
Term
Akinesia
Definition
Lack of physical movement, as in the extreme immobility of catatonic schizophrenia; can also occur as an extrapyramidal effect of antipsychotic medication.
Term
Akinetic Mutism
Definition
Absence of voluntary motor movement or speech in a patient who is apparently alert (as evidenced by eye movements). Seen in psychotic depression and catatonic states.
Term
Alexia
Definition
Loss of a prevously possessed reading facility; not explained by defective visual acuity. Compare with Dyslexia.
Term
Alexithymia
Definition
Inability or difficulty in describing or being aware of one's emotions or moods; elaboration of fantasies associated with depression, substance abuse, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Term
Algophobia
Definition
Dread of pain.
Term
Alogia
Definition
Inability to speak because of a mental deficiency or an episode of dementia.
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