Term
| What is the correct order of structures of a muscle from smallest to largest? |
|
Definition
| Muscle fiber, endomysium, fascicles, perimysium, epimysium |
|
|
Term
| What part within the muscle fiber stores glycogen and myoglobin and is made up of lipids, enzymes and various types of cellular organelles? |
|
Definition
Sarcoplasm
The sarcoplasm stores glycogen and myoglobin and is made up of lipids, enzymes and cellular organelles. It is comparable to the cytoplasm in other cells, but has more specific functions. The stored glycogen is a source of energy, and the myoglobin is used for oxygen binding. |
|
|
Term
| What is the function of calcium in the muscle stimulation process? |
|
Definition
Binds with troponin to open up binding sites
During muscle stimulation, calcium binds with troponin, which subsequently shifts the tropomyosin off the binding sites, freeing them up for the myosin cross-bridges to attach themselves. |
|
|
Term
| What controls the process of changing membrane potential in the nerve cell membrane by allowing sodium ions to rush into the cell? |
|
Definition
Sodium-potassium pump
The sodium-potassium pump controls the process of changing membrane potential in the nerve cell membrane by allowing sodium ions to rush into the cell. This causes a dramatic change in voltage, which in turn causes an action potential to be conducted along the length of the axon. |
|
|
Term
| What relays information to the central nervous system about changes in the body and limbs’ positions due to muscular motions? |
|
Definition
Proprioceptors
Proprioceptors relay information to the central nervous system about changes in the body and limbs’ positions due to muscular motions. They are specialized to help maintain balance and posture and are found in the muscles, tendons and joints. |
|
|
Term
| Which part of the muscle fiber senses changes in the tension of the muscle? |
|
Definition
Golgi tendon organs
The Golgi tendon organs sense changes in the tension of the muscle. When activated, they send messages that indicate that the muscle is about to engage in dangerous action resulting from extreme tension. |
|
|
Term
| What type of tissue has a form called serous, which is fluid-filled? |
|
Definition
Fascia
Fascia is the tissue that has a form call serous, which is fluid-filled. This type of fascia makes up protective membranes that cover the internal viscera. Other types of fascia that do not have specific names relating to their functions are superficial and deep fascia. |
|
|
Term
| Which organ system is responsible for transport of nutrients, removal of waste and overall environmental maintenance to support the body’s function? |
|
Definition
Cardiovascular
The cardiovascular system is responsible for transport of nutrients, removal of waste and overall environmental maintenance to support the body’s function. |
|
|
Term
| Which components of an electrocardiogram represent the electrical stimulus as it passes through the atrial and ventricular myocardium? |
|
Definition
QRS complex and P wave
The QRS complex and P wave represent the electrical stimulus as it passes through the atrial and ventricular myocardium. The P wave shows atrial depolarization, and the QRS complex shows ventricular depolarization. |
|
|
Term
| When would it not be abnormal to observe a systolic pressure measurement of 220 to 260? |
|
Definition
During aerobic exercise
A systolic pressure measurement of 220 to 260 would be expected during aerobic exercise. The diastolic pressure, though, would likely remain the same as while at rest, or even decrease slightly. |
|
|
