Term
| THE UPPER PORTION OF THE RESPIRATORY TREE IS WHAT IS KNOWN AS WHAT? DOES GAS EXCHANGE OCUR HERE? |
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Definition
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Term
| SINCE THE CONDUCTING ZONE IS NOTHING MORE THAN A SERIES OF TUBES TO BRING AIR INTO AND OUT OF THE ALVEOLI WHAT LAT WILL IT ADHERE TO? |
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Definition
| POISEUILLE'S LAW. TAKE INTO ACCOUNT VELOCITY, FLOW, RADIES, PRESSURES |
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Term
| WHAT IS THE REASON THAT WE NEED THE C-SHAPED HYALINE CARTILAGIONOUS RINGS? |
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Definition
| THE TRACHES EXISTS OUTSIDE OF THE THORACIC CAVITY. THE TRACHEA MUST HAVE CARTILAGINOUS RINGS AND CONSEQUENCE IF THOSE RINGS ARE DAMAGED BECAUSE DURING INSPIRATION, AS WE INHALE, THE AIR PRESSURE THAT IS INSIDE OF THE TRACHEA IS ACTUALLY LESS THAN ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE. IF THE TRACHEA, BEING ON THE OUTSIDE OF THE THORACIC CAVITY WERE INDEED A COLLAPSIBLE TUBE, EVERY TIME WE WOULD TRY TO INHALE THE TRACHEA WOULD COLLAPSE. IF NOT COLLPASE COMPLETELY, AT LEAST COLLAPSE TO A CERTAIN DEGREE TO WHERE AIRWAY RESISTANCE WOULD BE INCREASED. |
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Term
| WHAT IS THE MAIN PURPOSE OF THE C-SHAPED RINGS OF THE TRACHEA? |
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Definition
| TO MAINTAIN THE TRACHEA IN ITS WIDE OPEN STATE DURING INHALATION. DURING EXHALATION IT DOESN'T REALLY MATTER. IF WE DIDN'T HAVE THE C-SHAPED CARTILAGINOUS RINGS HOLDING THE TRACHEA OPEN, DURING INHALATION THE TRACHEA WOULD COLLAPSE. |
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Term
| WHY DOES THE SHAPE SHAPED RINGS NOT CONTINUE AROUND THE TRACHEA? |
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Definition
| THE ESOPHAGUS MUST BE ABLE TO RELAX AND EXPAND WHEN A BOLUD OF FOD PASSES THROUGH IT AND IT MUST BE ABLE TO CONTRACT TO PUSH FOOD DOWN TOWARDS THE STOMACH. IT ALLOWS IT TO BE ATTACHED TO THE ESOPHAGUS AND EXPAND AND CONTRACT WHILE THE ESOPHAGUS EXPANDS AND CONTRACTS SINCE THEY ARE TIED TOGETHER. |
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Term
| IN THE LINING OF THE TRACHEA ARE WHAT TYPE OF CELLS? |
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Definition
| PSUDOSTRATIFIED CILIATED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM (PSCCE). |
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Term
| IF YU HAVE ONE SINGLE LAYER OF CELLS WHAT IS IT CALLED? |
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Definition
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Term
| IF YOU HAVE LAYERS OF CELLS WE CALL THAT WHAT? |
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Definition
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Term
| FOR PSUDOSTRATIFIED CELLS OF THE TRACHEA DOES EVERY CELL TOUCH THE BASEMENT MEMBRANE? |
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Definition
| YES. IT LOOKS STRATIFIED BUT ITS NOT REALLY, ITS ACTUALLY SIMPLE BECAUSE ITS ONE LAYER OF CELLS AND EVERY CELL TOUCHES THE BASEMENT MEMBRANE. THATS WHERE PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COMES FROM. COLUMNAR COMES FROM THE FACT THAT ITS TALLER THAN IT IS WIDE. |
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Term
| THE LINING OF THE TRACHES'S CELLS ARE CALLED EPITHELIUM. WHAT DOES EPITHELIA MEAN? |
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Definition
| EPITHELIA EITHER COVER THE SURFACE OF THE BODY OR LINE A HOLLOW ORGAN. THE TRACHEA IS A HOLLOW ORGAN. IT HAS A LUMEN. |
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Term
| ON THE TOP OF THE EPITHELIUM CELLS IN THE LUNGS IS CALLED ___. THIS IS WAHT FORMS THE ___ ____. |
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Definition
| CILIA, MUCOCILIARY ESCALATOR. THROUGHOUT THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM, INTERSPERSED IN THE PSCCE, WE HAVE WHAT ARE CALLED GOBLET CELLS. THESE ARE MUCUS-PRODUCING CELLS. |
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Term
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Definition
| TO TRAP THINGS. MUCUS IS STICKY. |
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Term
| HOW DO WE KEEP BACTERIA OUT OF THE ALVEOLI? |
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Definition
| IT'S BRILLANT BECAUSE THE WALL OF THE CONDUCTING ZONE ARE LINED WITH A LAYER OF SNOT. A LAYER OF MUCUS. |
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Term
| WHAT HAPPENS IF THERE IS A VERY HIGH LIKELIHOOD THAT A LITTLE BUG WILL GET TRAPPED IN THE MUCUS? HOW DO I GET RID OF IT? |
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Definition
| WE GET RID OF IT THROUGH THE MUCOCILIARY ESCALATOR. |
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Term
| IN THE LUNGS WHERE IS THE SIDE OF COUGH REFLEC? |
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Definition
| THE CARINA. IT IS THE MOST SENSITIVE AREA OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. IF SOMETHING DOESN'T GET STUCK TO THE WALL, IT'S GOING TO HIT THE CARINA AND CAUSE YOU TO COUGH. |
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Term
| WHEN WE TRANSITION FROM A SINGEL TUBE TO A DOUBLE TUBE (LUNGS) WHAT TYPE OF FLOW IS THAT CALLED? |
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Definition
| TURBULENT. WE THEN CAN ESTABLISH LAMINAR FLOW IF THE SECOND TUBE IS LONG ENOUGH. |
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Term
| WHAT TYPE OF FLOW MAKES IT MORE LIKEL FOR THINGS TO STICK TO THE WALLS? |
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Definition
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Term
| JUST LIKE THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM WHEN WE COMPARED THE AORTA TO THE ARTERIES, TO THE ARTERIOLES, ETC.. WE SEE A CHANGE IN THE AMOUNT OF ELASTIC FIBERS AND A CHANGE IN THE AMOUNT OF SMOOTH MUSCLE. WHERE IS THIS LOCATED AT? |
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Definition
| BRONCHI. AS WE MOVE FROM THE TRACHEA TO THE BRONCHI, INSTEAD OF ELASTIC FIBERS, WE SEE A REDUCTION IN THE AMOUNT OF CARTILAGE. |
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Term
| WHAT PART OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT DO WE HAVE INCOMPLETE CARTILAGINOUS RINGS? |
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Definition
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Term
| AS WE MOVE DOWN TO THE BRONCHIOLES DO WE HAVE CARTILAGE? WHAT DO WE SEE MORE OF? |
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Definition
| NO. THE LOWER WE GO DOWN, THE LESS CARTILAGE WE ARE GOING TO HAVE. CONVERSELY, THE LOWER WE MOVE DOWN TOWARDS THE RESPIRATORY BRONCHIOLES WE HAVE MORE AND MORE SMOOTH MUSCLE. |
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Term
| IN THE BRONCHI WE HAVE WHAT TYPE OF CELLS (2 TYPES) TO HELP KEEP THINGS FROM GETTING TO THE ALVEOLI? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT PART OF THE LUNGS HAVE NO CARTILAGE BUT HAVE SMOOTH MUSCLE? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT IS THE SITE OF AIRFLOW REGULATION? |
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Definition
| BRONCHIOLES. WE CAN THINK OF OUR BRONCHIOLES AS BEING ANALOGOUS TO THE ARTERIOLES. THIS IS WHERE WE REGULATE OUR AIRFLOW. |
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Term
| WHAT RECEPTORS REGULATE WHICH AREA OF THE LUNG WILL BE VENTILATED? |
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Definition
| BETA RECEPTORS (BRONCHODILATION) AND MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS (BRONCHOCONSTRICTION). SNS AND PNS. |
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Term
| THE BRONCHIOLES HAVE LESS PSCCE AND WE TRANSITION INTO MORE WHAT? |
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Definition
| SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM. WE HAVE TO HAVE IT IN THE ALVEOLI BC IT IS ONE CELL LAYER THICK SO GAS EXCHANGE CAN TAKE PLACE. YOU DON'T TRANSITION FROM 1 TYPE OF CELL TO THE OTHER. THERE IS A TRANSITION. |
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