Term
|
Definition
-Mesic Disjunct (west of the
Cascades in Washington)
-understory/shrub life
-15-50 ft tall
-2-20 in. in diameter
-Trunks often appear fluted (alternating ridges and depressions)
-Leaves are linear, decurrent, mucronate, alternate and distichous |
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Term
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Definition
-Evergreen with linear leaves – typically alternate and spiral
-Seeds surrounded by fleshy aril
-Lack ovuliferous cone
-10 spp. Worldwide
-3 spp. Native to the US |
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Term
|
Definition
-30 genera and 125 spp
-Used to be Taxodiaceae and Cupressaceae
-bract and scale of their ovuliferous cones fused
into bract/scale complex |
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Term
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Definition
-Dominant in Mesic forests in PNW
-Mesic disjunct and temperate rainforests
-150’-200
-buttressed trunk
-bark reddish and shredding
-leaves scale-like |
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Term
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Definition
-Leaves scale-like, decussate, and appressed to twigs
-40-50’ tall
-prominent gland on facial leaves
-Eastern Deciduous Zone(near michigan)
- Ovuliferous cones are erect with 8-12 opposite cone scales |
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Term
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Definition
-75’-100’ tall
-Leaves scale-like, 4-ranked, decurrent, and appressed
-3 pairs of scale/bract and one central (duck bill like) |
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Term
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Definition
-5 spp. 2 in North America.
-Formerly included Xanthocyparis
-scale leaves, but branchlets are more rounded |
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Term
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Definition
-occupies transition zone between trees of the Pacific Northwest and California
-leaves scale-like, glaucous, tips
of laterals appressed to stem on young branchlet
-Overuliferous cones; globose and unarmed
-branchlets arranged in sprays |
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Term
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Definition
-80-85 ft tall
-Eastern freshwater swamps
-Scale leaves blue-green with white margins
-Branchlets slender, irregularly arranged
-Bark fibrous, ash-gray |
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Term
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Definition
-Scale leaves opposite and decussate in 4 uniform rank
-Seed cones globose, relatively large, woody or leathery |
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Term
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Definition
-Mexico, Arizona, S.Cal, Texas, New mex in small isolated populations
-50’-65' tall
-seratinous cones
-Ovuliferous cones; globose, armed and covered with silvery glaucous bloom
-scale leaves, opposite and decussate
-square branchlets |
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Term
|
Definition
-Siskiyou Mountains (oregon and cali)
-leaves scale like, 4 ranked
-branchlets decussate
-branches square in cross section
-crown broadly conical and sparse |
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Term
| Hesperocyparis macrocarpa |
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Definition
-monterey bay
-50’ – 75’ tall
-scale like leaves, 4-ranked
-branchlets square in cross section |
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Term
| Callitropsis nootkatensis |
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Definition
-SE Alaska
-80 feet tall
-scale-like leaves opposite and decussate
-branchlets drooping
-ovuliferous cones globose
-bract/scales with prominent boss |
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Term
|
Definition
-ca. 60 species,13 species in North America
-subulate leaves on juvenile growth
-fleshy cone covering |
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Term
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Definition
-shade intolerant
-Eastern US
-first species to invade abandoned pastures and fields
-crown is usually pyramidal
or columnar
-Fleshy berry like cones
-juvenile leaves subulate
-mature leaves scale like |
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Term
|
Definition
-Most widely distributed western juniper
-BC down to Arizona and east to Dakotas
-50’ tall and 1.5’ in diameter
-crown is site dependent
-Fleshy berry like cones
-juvenile leaves subulate
-mature leaves scale like |
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Term
|
Definition
-low growing boreal shrub
-Fleshy berry like cones
-juvenile leaves subulate
-mature leaves scale like |
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Term
|
Definition
-central WA to southern CA.
-15’ to 30’ tall
-branchlets coarser
-Scale leaves with conspicuous glands and resinous exudate
-Ovuliferous cones bluish-black, glaucous – ¼’ in diameter.
-Fleshy berry like cones
-maybe closely related to osteosperma
-juvenile leaves subulate
-mature leaves scale like |
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Term
|
Definition
-pinyon-juniper zone
–Great Basin
-coarse branchlets
-15-20’ tall and 1’ in diameter
-Monoecious
-Ovuliferous cones; ¼” to ½” in diameter
-Fleshy berry like cones
-juvenile leaves subulate
-mature leaves scale like |
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Term
|
Definition
-Most widespread woody plant in
the world.
-low growing shrub in W. North America
-Fleshy berry like cones
-leaves subulate and 3 ranked |
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Term
|
Definition
-100-140’ tall
-Leaves linear, alternately arranged and deciduous
-Leaves appear 2-ranked (distichous),
decurrent
-south eastern us
-Ovuliferous globose cones |
|
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Term
| Metasequoia glyptostoboides |
|
Definition
-Living fossil
-from china
-Ovuliferous cones ca. 1” long with 4 rows of oppositely arranged, woody, peltate scales
-Leaves are linear, deciduous
-leaves and branchlets
are opposite on determinate short shoots |
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Term
|
Definition
-California coast
-pure stand frequently
-Routinely reach 300'
-ovuliferous cones oblong, 1"long |
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Term
|
Definition
-Leaves are bluish-green and subulate
-Ovuliferous cones (egg shaped) spirally arranged
-bract/scales
-serontinous cone
-250 ft tall and 15 ft in diameter
-Fire resistant |
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Term
|
Definition
-The largest family of gymnosperms
-s 10-11 genera and ca. 200 spp. of almost entirely
northern Hemisphere
-Leaves are linear to acicular and spirally arranged
-Ovules inverted
-Seeds with long, terminal wing
-2 subfamilies Abietoideae and Pinoideae |
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Term
|
Definition
-cultivated tree native to Eurasia
-acicular leaves
-spirally arranged on pendulous branches
-seed cone up to 7" long |
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Term
|
Definition
-Widespread subalpine species in western N.America
-occurs in pure stands
-seen with Abies lasiocarpa, Tsuga mertensian, and Pinus contorta
-hybridizes with Picea gluaca and maybe Picea pungens
-narrow conical crown
-twigs puberulent to pubescent
-leaves sharp-pointed, acicular
-seed cones 2" long |
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Term
|
Definition
-mixed with Pinus contorta, Pseudotsuga menziessii, and Abies lasiocarpa
-seed cones 4” long, yellow brown
-twigs glabrous
-leaves sharp and acicular
-Subalpine; Central Rockies of Colorado |
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Term
|
Definition
-hybridizes with glauca
-mixed with Thuja plicata, Tsuga
heterophylla, Psuedotsuga menziessii, Chamaecyparis lawsoniana, Sequoia semperviren
-Very close to pacific coast
-Leaves very sharp and pointed
-acicular but somewhat flattend
-leaves green above but blue/grey below
-spirally arranged
-seed cones ~3" |
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Term
|
Definition
-A major component of mature boreal forests and northern deciduous zone in North America
-leaves acute but not sharp, glaucous and up-swept
-twigs glabrous
-seed cone up to 3" long
-scales with rounded margins
-crown conical
-hybridizes with sitchensis, and engelmannii. unconfirmed with mariana
-occupies same range as mariana |
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Term
|
Definition
-wet and boggy sites in the northern boreal forest and deciduous zone
-pioneer species
-30 ft tall
-acicular, blunt, blue-green leaves
-seed cones dark brown and stalked
-cone scales rounded with erose margins |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-5 species,2 native to North America
-Leaves with constricted petiolat
-no sterigma
-linear leaves
-Pendant ovuliferous cones with persistent cone scales and exserted 3-lobed bracts. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-three lobbed bract
-Leaves linear,
-grooved above with 2 stomatal bands below
-spirally arranged
-1.5”-2.75” and 2.5”-4” long cones
-blueish-green or yellow-green |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-4 species native to North America
-very constricted petiole, borne on sterigma
-linear leaves, blunt apex
-spirally arranged
-grooved above, 2 stomatal bands below |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-shade tolerant
-disjunt mesic
-almost exclusively with Thuja plicata, Abies grandis, Larix
occidentalis, and Pinus monticola
-125-175’ tall
-appear distichous
-Ovuliferous cones sessile, ca. 1”, ovoid |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-60-70’ tall
-northeastern deciduous region
-leaves linear
-green above,2 stomatal bands below
-appears distichous
-seed cones stalked
-ovoid cone ~1" long |
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Term
|
Definition
-leaves linear and spirally arranged
-seed cones ~2" long with reflexed scales
-subalpine zone in PNW |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-Includes 7 spp
-Leaves are acicular, deciduous
-Leaves spirally arranged on short shoots, turn yellow in fall
-Ovuliferous cones borne on spur shoots, erect, and persist on stem for multiple years |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-subalpine zone in nearly pure stands near timberline
-Northern Cascades, and northern Rockies
-Small tree 30-50’ tall and 1-2’ in diameter
-tometose branches
-Ovuliferous cones are 1-2” long, erect, with exserted, 3-toothed bracts
-Leaves acicular, deciduous, spirally arranged on new growth and short shoots.
-hybridizes with occidentalis |
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Term
|
Definition
-northeastern deciduous zone and boreal forest
-boggy and moist habitat
-50' tall
-leavess acicular, deciduous, spirally arranged
-yellow leaves in fall
-seed cone small,and erect
-bracts only visible at the base of the cone |
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Term
|
Definition
-Cascades and northern Rockies
-mid-elevation
-emergent in the canopy
-Leaves acicular, deciduous, spirally arranged on new growth and short shoots
-large tree 140-180’tall |
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Term
|
Definition
-39 species worldwide and 9 species in North America
-temperate forests and lower elevation boreal of the northern hemisphere, typically moist
-Sessile (no petiol), linear, spirally arranged
-circular leaf scars
-3 at apex – 1 terminal and two opposite lateral buds
-Erect cones, scales and bracts are deciduous at maturity
-Bracts are apiculate and often shouldered |
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Term
|
Definition
-Dominant species of the subalpine zone in western NA
-bract with long, apiculate tip
-Erect cones,scales and bracts are deciduous at maturity
-leaves linear and upswept
-2 stomatal bands above and one above. |
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Term
|
Definition
-hybridizez with lassiocarpa
-Boreal and northern deciduous forests
-Dominant Abies species of eastern NA
-60' tall
-linear leaves and upswept
-stomatal lines below (reduced stomata above)
-Erect cones,scales and bracts are deciduous at maturity
-bract with long, apiculate tip |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-high mountains of southern Appalachains
-30-50’ tall, 10-15” diameter
-linear leaves and upswept
-stomatal lines below (reduced stomata above)
-cones typically 1.5-3”
–exserted bract and strongly reflexed |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-hybridizes with concolor
-mesic disjunct
-apical notch
-distichous
-stomata lower surface only (2 bands)
-grooved and lustrous above
-bracts with higher shoulders and shorter apiculate tip
-Erect cones,scales and bracts are deciduous at maturity
-Cones 3-4" long |
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Term
|
Definition
-Hybridizes with grandis
-Seirras and Rockies
-bracts with higher shoulders and shorter apiculate tip
-no apical notch
-Stomata above or uniformly glaucus
-Cones 4-5”
-Ranked leaves
-upswept leaves |
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Term
|
Definition
-100 spp
-1. Primary leaves: solitary, spirally arranged, non-photosynthetic, often quickly deciduous
-2. Secondary leaves, acicular, fascicled, borne on determinate short shoots in the axils of primary
leaves. Fascicles consist of usually from 2-5 leaves.Basal sheath |
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Term
|
Definition
-Primary leaves:Deciduous; smooth twigs
-fascicle sheath:Deciduous early
-Vascular bundles:1
-Needles/fascicle: Typically 5 (1)
-Cone scales: Usually thin, mostly unarmed
-wood: Soft, gradual transition from early to late |
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Term
|
Definition
-Primary leaves:Persistent; rough twigs
-fascicle sheath:Persistent
-Vascular Bundles:2
-Needles: Typically 2-3
-Cone scales:Usually thick, mostly armed with prickle
-wood: Hard,abrupt transition from early to late |
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Term
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Definition
| includes Pinus, Picea, Pseudotsuga,and Larix |
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Term
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Definition
| includes Abies, and Tsuga |
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Term
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Definition
-35 spp., 7 spp. native to North America
-Leaves are persistent, acicular, and 4 sided
-sharp, sessile on sterigma
-Ovuliferous cones with persistent scales that are much longer than the subtending bracts |
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Term
|
Definition
-Mesic Disjunct (west of the
Cascades in Washington)
-understory/shrub life
-15-50 ft tall
-2-20 in. in diameter
-Trunks often appear fluted (alternating ridges and depressions)
-Leaves are linear, decurrent, mucronate, alternate and distichous |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Evergreen with linear leaves – typically alternate and spiral
-Seeds surrounded by fleshy aril
-Lack ovuliferous cone
-10 spp. Worldwide
-3 spp. Native to the US |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-30 genera and 125 spp
-Used to be Taxodiaceae and Cupressaceae
-bract and scale of their ovuliferous cones fused
into bract/scale complex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Dominant in Mesic forests in PNW
-Mesic disjunct and temperate rainforests
-150’-200
-buttressed trunk
-bark reddish and shredding
-leaves scale-like |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Leaves scale-like, decussate, and appressed to twigs
-40-50’ tall
-prominent gland on facial leaves
-Eastern Deciduous Zone(near michigan)
- Ovuliferous cones are erect with 8-12 opposite cone scales |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-75’-100’ tall
-Leaves scale-like, 4-ranked, decurrent, and appressed
-3 pairs of scale/bract and one central (duck bill like) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-5 spp. 2 in North America.
-Formerly included Xanthocyparis
-scale leaves, but branchlets are more rounded |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-occupies transition zone between trees of the Pacific Northwest and California
-leaves scale-like, glaucous, tips
of laterals appressed to stem on young branchlet
-Overuliferous cones; globose and unarmed
-branchlets arranged in sprays |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-80-85 ft tall
-Eastern freshwater swamps
-Scale leaves blue-green with white margins
-Branchlets slender, irregularly arranged
-Bark fibrous, ash-gray |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-Scale leaves opposite and decussate in 4 uniform rank
-Seed cones globose, relatively large, woody or leathery |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-Mexico, Arizona, S.Cal, Texas, New mex in small isolated populations
-50’-65' tall
-seratinous cones
-Ovuliferous cones; globose, armed and covered with silvery glaucous bloom
-scale leaves, opposite and decussate
-square branchlets |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Siskiyou Mountains (oregon and cali)
-leaves scale like, 4 ranked
-branchlets decussate
-branches square in cross section
-crown broadly conical and sparse |
|
|
Term
| Hesperocyparis macrocarpa |
|
Definition
-monterey bay
-50’ – 75’ tall
-scale like leaves, 4-ranked
-branchlets square in cross section |
|
|
Term
| Callitropsis nootkatensis |
|
Definition
-SE Alaska
-80 feet tall
-scale-like leaves opposite and decussate
-branchlets drooping
-ovuliferous cones globose
-bract/scales with prominent boss |
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Term
|
Definition
-ca. 60 species,13 species in North America
-subulate leaves on juvenile growth
-fleshy cone covering |
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Definition
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| Metasequoia glyptostoboides |
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