Term
|
Definition
| The ratio between the amount of hemoglobin and the number of red blood cells. .9-1 normal range |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The hematocrit is a test that measures the percentage of blood that is comprised of red blood cells
adult males: 42-52%
adult females: 35-47% |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hemoglobin concentration measurement
Men: 13.8 to 18.0 g/dL
Women: 12.1 to 15.1 g/dL |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mean corpuscular volume (MCV). The average size of the red blood cells expressed in femtoliters (fl). MCV is calculated by dividing the hematocrit (as percent) by the RBC count in millions per microliter of blood, then multiplying by 10. MCV: 80–96 fl |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| MCH: 27–33 pg Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH). The average amount of hemoglobin inside an RBC expressed in picograms (pg). The MCH is calculated by dividing the hemoglobin concentration in grams per deciliter by the RBC count in millions per microliter, then multiplying by 10. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
MCHC: 33–36%
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). The average concentration of hemoglobin in the RBCs expressed as a percent. It is calculated by dividing the hemoglobin in grams per deciliter by the hematocrit, then multiplying by 100. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 4,500–11,000 per microliter for women and men, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Osmosis is the movement of solvent molecules through a selectively permeable membrane into a region of higher solute concentration, aiming to equalize the solute concentrations on the two sides |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Diffusion describes the spread of particles through random motion from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Facilitated diffusion (also known as facilitated transport or passive-mediated transport) is a process of passive transport, facilitated by integral proteins. Facilitated diffusion is the spontaneous passage of molecules or ions across a biological membrane passing through specific transmembrane integral proteins. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Active transport is the movement of a substance against its concentration gradient (from low to high concentration). In all cells, this is usually concerned with accumulating high concentrations of molecules that the cell needs, such as ions, glucose and amino acids. If the process uses chemical energy, such as from adenosine triphosphate (ATP), it is termed primary active transport. |
|
|
Term
| secondary active transport |
|
Definition
| Secondary active transport or co-transport, uses energy to transport molecules across a membrane. In contrast to primary active transport, there is no direct coupling of ATP; instead, the electrochemical potential difference created by pumping ions out of the cell is used. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| characterized by red blood cells that assume an abnormal, rigid, sickle shape |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| production of red blood cells that are sphere-shaped rather than bi-concave disk shaped (Donut-Shaped), and therefore more prone to hemolysis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Thalassemias usually result in underproduction of normal globin proteins, often through mutations in regulatory genes
Patients with β-thalassemia trait should be warned that their blood picture resembles iron deficiency and can be misdiagnosed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| megaloblastic anemia: in which cells are larger because they cannot produce DNA quickly enough to divide at the right time as they grow, and thus grow too large before division. Causes for the DNA synthetic problem range from lack of certain vitamins needed to produce DNA (notably folate and B12), to poisons or inhibitors of DNA replication, such as some kinds of antiviral drugs and chemotherapeutic agents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ron-deficiency anemia (or iron-deficiency anaemia) is a common anemia that occurs when iron loss (often from intestinal bleeding or menses) occurs, and/or the dietary intake or absorption of iron is insufficient. In iron deficiency, hemoglobin, which contains iron, cannot be formed.[1] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
G6PD deficiency is the most common human enzyme defect
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is an X-linked recessive hereditary disease characterised by abnormally low levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (abbreviated G6PD or G6PDH), a metabolic enzyme involved in the pentose phosphate pathway, especially important in red blood cell metabolism. |
|
|
Term
| hemorrhagic anemia(acute) |
|
Definition
a direct loss of blood; can be caused by hemorrhages, trauma, parasites, and ulcers.
When blood loss is severe, the iron is not absorbed quickly enough to compensate for the hemoglobin loss |
|
|
Term
| hemolytic anemia (acquired) |
|
Definition
| Hemolytic anemia (or haemolytic anaemia) is a form of anemia due to hemolysis, the abnormal breakdown of red blood cells (RBCs), |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a blood disorder in which the bone marrow makes too many red blood cells. It may also result in the overproduction of white blood cells and platelets. Most of the health concerns associated with polycythemia vera are caused by the blood being thicker as a result of the increased red blood cells. It is more common in the elderly and may be symptomatic or asymptomatic. |
|
|
