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Non-Western Art Test 1 Terms
Test 1: African, African-American, Oceania, Japan, China, India
43
Art History
Undergraduate 2
07/09/2010

Additional Art History Flashcards

 


 

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Term
Mainstream Art
Definition
Something to be enjoyed and viewed by the masses with no political, cultural or religious connotations
Term
Reliquary
Definition
Elaborate container used to hold valued religious relics Stupas
Term
Kente Cloth
Definition

By the 16th century Ashanti men were producing kente cloth by unravling Chinese silk fabrics and using the threads on their four inch looms.

 

Symbolic, geometrically designed

Term
X-Ray
Definition
According to Arnhem legends, spirits called the mimi made the earliest rock paintings where the backbone and organs are visible in the figures as if the hide was transparent. May date back to about 2000-1000 BCE
Term
Hierarchic Scale
Definition
African art may exhibit hierarchic scale where size equals status
Term
Scarification
Definition
Still practiced in Africa, the process of slitting the skin in specific tribal patterns and inserting charcoal producing welts to enhance cultural identity
Term
Yaksha
Definition

Indian figure of a man, will be nude with transparent clothing and will have a pot belly (a symbol of health)

 

Paired with Yakshi and they are loving couples

Term
Yakshi
Definition

Indian figure of a woman, will be nude with transparent clothing and will have a pot belly (a symbol of health)

 

Paired with Yaksha and they are loving couples

Term
Siva/Shiva
Definition

[image]

 

 

Shiva

Lord of the Dance

1100

Term
Lacquer
Definition
Clear natural varnish made from the sap of the Chinese tree Rhus verniciflua. Makes wood, textiles and other perishable materials airtight, waterproof and resistant to heat and acid. Applied in thin coats each may take up to a week to dry.
Term
Minaret
Definition
On a mosque, tall thin towers with a circular staircase inside where the muezzin climb five times a day to call the faithful to prayer
Term
Chinese Perspective
Definition

Contains three distinct parts:

 

1. The bottom to the painting is closest to us and contains rocks by which we may enter the painting

2. From that point we look down from a birds eye-view at the tiny people

3. Mist is positioned in the center of the painting and that forces your eyes to reach the top of the paininting, higher elevation

 

Term
Woodblock Prints
Definition

China invented around 300

 

Consists of carving a wooden block so everything is cut away except the image you want

 

Ink is spread over the surface usually with a roller

 

Paper is carefully placed over on the ink surface and rubbed

 

By the 1600's printing is done in multiple colors using a seperate block for each color

Term
Loom
Definition

(India carpet weaving)

 

The carpet is woven on a loom which is a wooden structure on which the verticle threads called warp, are wound. Then the weaver adds the horizontal threads called weft and tied in individual knots which are then clipped between the rows of the weft

Term
Gardens - India
Definition
Derived from Persian 'paradises' usually consists of a geometric crossing of water canals creating four four quarters or streams with trees bushes and flowers
Term
Gardens - Chinese
Definition
Water is the dominating attribute. The form wanders from place to place folowing specific paths. There are usually rocks pagodas zigzag bridges and plants. Epitomizes Taoist tradition.
Term
Gardens - Japan
Definition

Zen Gardens, minimalistic consisting of only sand rocks pebbles and trees.

 

For meditation puposes

Term
Black Art
Definition
Includes racial and cultural themes that are geared toward black culture.
Term
Feminist Art
Definition
Subject matter refers specifically to feminine aspects of life
Term
Ringgold
Definition
Both a femminist and a painter of Black art on soft fabrics with quilted frames featuring themes related to African-American women's lives as in Tar Beach
Term
Fetish
Definition
Spiritual African sculpture thas are meant to mediate between the sacred and profane worlds to restore spiritual equilibrium
Term
Revenge Pole
Definition
Poles created when a tribesmen is killed by an enemy tribe created to reflect the deceased ancestors and floated out in the ocean to honor and mark the people's vow for revenge
Term
Maternity
Definition

One of the five major themes in African art:

 

Maternity

Simplified Human Form

Dual Sex

Ruler/Ancestor

Composite Animal

Term
Kuba
Definition
Located in Central Africa
Term
Tattoo
Definition
Polynesian developed out of body painting. Enhances the status, beauty and mana of the owners. Some believe the tattoos protect them from harm in everyday life and in battle
Term
Haniwa Warrior
Definition

[image]

 

Japan Kofun

Haniwa Warrior

300

Dancing Figure

Term
Buddah/Bodhisatva
Definition

Buddah: No Jewelry

 

Bodhisatva: Jewelry

Term
Calligraphy
Definition
Beautiful handwriting or fine penmenship, widely regarded as an art form. Used in Chinese, Islamic and Japanese art
Term
Mosque
Definition
Islamic religious structure
Term
Japanese Perspective
Definition

1. Birds eye view

2. Sloping floor plan

3. Outlining

4. No value in the faces

5. Minimal features

6. Patterns

Term
Taotie
Definition
A highly stylized face type on Chinese sculpture, may represent a number of gods and monsters that protect people from evil spirits
Term
Dome of the Rock
Definition
Ancient mosques on a rocky hilltop believed to be the place where Adam was created and the mountain to which Abraham brought his first-born son by Hagger to be sacrificed
Term
Cubism
Definition
Geometric objects broken up and reasembled in an abstract way Picasso
Term
Picasso
Definition
European Artist, created Cubism in 1907 from influences by African sculpture especially simplified human form
Term
Douglas
Definition
1899-1979 educated at the University of Nebraska and Columbia Colleges. Paired cubism and Black art in Building More Stately Mansions
Term
Akuaba
Definition
Fertility sculpture and dolls dressed and cared for by yound women in hopes of getting pregnant
Term
Cire Perdue
Definition
Lost Wax
Term
Benin
Definition
City in Nigeria
Term
Hindu Temples
Definition

May be rock cut or constructed architecture

 

Based on the Mandala form

 

All are raised on plinths and have a tower at one end

 

Term
Mirahab
Definition
Niche in the wall of a mosque
Term
Taoism
Definition
A native religion of China, principles are the man is not dominate in nature but is part of it and should respect it and move within it's rhythms
Term
Loving Couples
Definition
Yaksha and Yakshi together
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